Pakistan Floods EMMA Terms of Reference
Assessment dates: 7th – 28th September 2010
Lead agencies: Oxfam GB & International Rescue Committee
Participating agencies: International Rescue Committee, Mercy Corps, Oxfam GB, Shelter Cluster (additional
agencies to be added once they have shown interest)
EMMA Objectives:
Main Objective: To identify through a rapid market analysis appropriate responses (cash/ in-kind/ market support/
advocacy) to meet emergency and early livelihood recovery needs.
Post floods, agencies are planning or engaged in a number of interventions including: food aid, cash transfer
interventions (including cash for work, vouchers and grants), livelihood protection and market support. The
implementation of an Emergency Market Mapping and Analysis (EMMA) assessment will help identify appropriate
responses for the immediate and medium-term interventions for a number of critical markets that are relevant to NGO
responses.
Geographical areas:
Plans are to undertake 3 EMMAs in the following districts, all badly affected by the recent floods:
• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Nowshehra, Charsadda, Swat, Dir, Shangla, Mardan, Swabi and Kohat.
• Sindh: Jacobabad, Sukkor, Shahdadkot, Iarkana, Shikarbpur, Dadu, Khairpur, Nowsheruferoz, Thatta and
Gohkti.
• Punjab: Leiah, Bakhar, DG Khan, Mianwali, Rajanpur, Muzaffar Garh
This list is not final and may change in accordance with the results of the assessments planned for early September.
EMMA outputs:
The following outputs will be made available to all agencies and interested parties.
1. Market Maps of selected critical markets
2. Seasonal calendar for critical markets
3. Household Profiles post-emergency
4. Key Findings and Recommendations report
The Key Findings and Recommendations will be presented prior to the finalisation of field reports and departure of
EMMA Lead Team Leader (Sharon Truelove) – potentially Sept 23/24th (to be confirmed). This report will be
disseminated to the wider NGO network and through the Early Recovery Cluster and other interested stakeholders.
Resources still needed (Aug 19):
- An identified EMMA focal point (prior to starting) for each organization participating in the EMMA
- Approx 4-8 team members per team
- A meetings space (“operations centre”) for the length of the assessment
- Office supplies (flip charts, pens, power point projector, etc)
- Vehicles; min 2 per selected market, per region
The EMMA Team:
Due to the security and related access issues in some of the planned areas of assessment, we hope that a large number
of Pakistani nationals, and in particular women, will be able to engage in the assessment to ensure the best access to a
wide range of perspectives.
Team Leaders for each region have been identified, with one Team Leader acting as the Senior Team Leader,
providing overall coordination to the assessment.
For 3 EMMA teams the following is needed:
- An EMMA focal point to support the organization of the EMMA prior to starting
- Approx 4-8 team members per team
All participants must speak English, as facilitation/training will be in English. Please note that per diems and salary
coverage will not be paid to EMMA participants. It is expected that organizations will cover all staff costs for the
staff they contribute to the assessment, according to the organizations usual procedures and rules.
EMMA Team Leader profile:
Team leaders will be EMMA trained and have extensive experience in leading assessment teams in the field. They
will have previous experience of assessing markets, livelihoods, or emergencies and will have the capacity to use
assessment findings to identify potential responses. They will also have a broad range of humanitarian experience
from a number of disasters,
EMMA Team member profile:
Team members would ideally have previous experience of assessing markets, livelihoods, or emergencies, but it is not
required. They should be capable of working alone using their own initiative and also in a team. They will be asked,
with their assessment team, to identify a broad range of responses including in-kind, market and cash based responses.
Methodology overview:
- The EMMA toolkit provides a step-by-step approach (see EMMA 10 steps below) to analyzing markets in
emergency contexts. The toolkit will be used during the assessment under the guidance of the Team Leaders.
- A Lead Team Leader has been identified to provide overall leadership of the EMMA. The Lead leader will
also be responsible for the collation and dissemination of the final reports as well as the organization of the
presentation of results to interested stakeholders following the analysis.
- Critical market selection (i.e.: markets critical to emergency needs and recovery of Pakistan) – this is a key
step in the EMMA process and will be initiated prior to the onset of the assessment. Further discussions of key
markets will take place in Islamabad under Karri’s guidance based on her experiences in Haiti.
- Team members should review and be prepared prior to Sept 7 any documents, reports, assessments or
analysis that provides baseline information for the assessment work. The Sr. Team Leader and Technical
Support will circulate any recommended reports, but all team members are encouraged to identify existing
resources and circulate them prior to Sept 7.
- For 2-3 days (from 7th September) Karri Byrne (IRC) will provide an orientation and training for all team
members and leaders in Islamabad. This will provide the teams with a basic overview of the EMMA process
and also foster a common/ coherent language and approach to the 3 EMMAs. Further distant support will be
available to the Team Leaders from Karri for the duration of the assessment.
- Following the 2–3 days orientation of the EMMA teams, they will travel to their assessment areas and start
their analysis. Typically teams will undertake a train as you go approach, a process led by the Team Leaders.
Potential Critical Markets for Analysis:
As mentioned above, a list of potential critical markets for selection would have been collated from agency specific
rapid assessments prior to start of EMMA. During the initial days of EMMA orientation, participating agencies will
further discuss potential critical markets for potential analysis and make a final decision. Currently potential markets
include:
- Bamboo
- Wheat
- Livestock
Duration of assessment and working hours:
–
2.5 weeks field work, including 3 days of initial preparation (in Islamabad) and 2 days of finalisation of
reports and presentation of findings (see rough schedule below).
–
Participants should be prepared for long working hours.
–
All participants should agree to work the length of assessment, with only a short break for Ramadan
festivities, as it will be necessary to complete the work on time. Please inform us if this is likely to be difficult
or if there are any outstanding issues that need addressing.
Communications:
–
Most staff should have local mobile phones and these shall be used
–
At the start of field work, participant mobile numbers shall be collected and shared
The EMMA ten steps:
Background research; arrival; consultation with colleagues; agency
1. Essential
Preparation
mandate, target population needs & profiles
Selection of critical market-systems; and identification of key analytical
2. Select Markets
questions for each system
Production of initial profiles, seasonal calendars, maps of the market3. Preliminary
Analysis
system; identification of key informants or leads.
4. Fieldwork
Setting the fieldwork agenda; devising interview structures &
Preparation
5. Fieldwork
Activities
6. Mapping the
Market
7. Gap Analysis
8. Market
Analysis
9. Response
Analysis
10. Communicate
Results
questionnaires; data-sheets and recording formats
Conducting the fieldwork activities – who, where, when.
Section includes guidance on interview methods and tips.
Finalising baseline & emergency maps, seasonal calendars; description
of key features, bottlenecks, constraints
Comparison of household economic profiles, analysis of priority needs,
access and gaps
Analysing impact on availability, conduct, performance, supply and
demand, capacity of market-system to react
Exploration of response options, cash and other intervention feasibility;
response recommendations and their logic
Consultation with colleagues; presenting conclusions to wider
audiences (donors, agencies)
Administration and resources (financial and human) required:
The following will be required and provided:
–
Office space and access to printers and photocopier
–
Flip charts/ white boards and relevant markers
–
Spare pens/ paper (participants to bring their own note pads)
–
Data show/ projector for laptops
–
Refreshments during training/ analysis sessions
Transportation needs:
Required: cars and drivers (minimum 2 per selected market)
Vehicles to be donated by participating agencies or rented.