Supporting Information: Additional Results
Table S1. Results from multiple regressions on distance matricesfor all sub-networks. “Nested (same module)” means that
only host species pairs belonging to the same module were included for analysis; “Nested (natives in same module)” means
that only native host species pairs belonging to the same module were included. “Modularity” in this context means the
chance of a host pair belonging to the same network module. Shown are the standardized partial regression coefficients and
the associated P-values.
Network
Response variable
Nestedness
Modularity
Endoparasites
Nestedness
(same module)
Nestedness
(natives in the same module)
Nestedness
Modularity
Ectoparasites
Nestedness
(same module)
Nestedness
(natives in the same module)
Nestedness
Single-host life cycle
Modularity
Effect
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Coefficient
-0.65
-0.14
-0.72
-0.01
-1.72
0.11
-0.24
0.10
-0.05
-0.49
3.90
0.32
-4.91
0.17
-1.15
13.21
4.67
-3.49
-5.20
4.60
2.05
-1.53
0.74
0.33
-3.89
-0.65
0.16
-0.08
-0.14
-1.16
-64.04
3.96
-2.46
56.25
18.56
-54.51
0.47
5.39
53.29
19.19
1.65
-1.04
0.54
-0.10
-3.42
0.43
-0.16
0.02
p
0.223
0.795
0.096
0.985
<0.001
0.536
0.166
0.419
0.766
<0.001
0.402
0.942
0.185
0.964
0.754
0.014
0.368
0.497
0.369
0.353
0.197
0.343
0.435
0.647
<0.001
0.337
0.795
0.865
0.755
0.007
0.067
0.849
0.895
0.037
0.042
0.379
0.976
0.873
0.135
0.050
0.176
0.412
0.462
0.864
<0.001
0.456
0.773
0.958
Nestedness
(same module)
Nestedness
(natives in the same module)
Nestedness
Modularity
Multiple-host life
cycle
Nestedness
(same module)
Nestedness
(natives in the same module)
Nestedness
Native fish
Modularity
Nestedness
Non-native fish
Modularity
Nestedness
(same module)
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
Abundance
Biomass
Body length
Sampling effort
Taxonomic distance
0.29
-1.38
-3.01
11.60
8.81
7.52
0.82
9.05
4.39
10.23
-8.69
9.64
-0.77
0.11
-0.59
0.07
-1.91
0.20
-0.21
0.12
-0.04
-0.45
4.07
-1.44
-5.26
1.36
-2.28
13.88
5.83
-3.78
-5.94
3.31
0.86
-0.75
-0.88
-0.75
-2.15
-0.15
0.06
-0.15
0.15
-0.40
-2.91
2.77
1.19
-0.79
-2.48
-1.07
1.49
-0.17
-0.19
-0.66
-13.62
14.00
-5.26
12.59
-27.30
0.475
0.002
0.902
0.646
0.566
0.557
0.934
0.940
0.972
0.938
0.765
0.840
0.159
0.838
0.172
0.866
<0.001
0.244
0.200
0.310
0.808
<0.001
0.410
0.770
0.130
0.709
0.507
0.014
0.271
0.440
0.332
0.511
0.235
0.223
0.137
0.209
<0.001
0.575
0.807
0.417
0.567
0.014
0.410
0.445
0.244
0.491
0.005
0.427
0.307
0.690
0.645
0.106
0.852
0.860
0.752
0.749
0.009
Fig. S1: Matrices of interactions between fishes (rows) and parasites (columns). The occurrence of an interaction is marked
as a dot. Hosts and parasites were ordered by decreasing number of interactions. (a) entire network composed by 72 fish
species and 324 parasites; (b) sub-network containing only endoparasites and their interacting hosts; (c) sub-network
containing only ectoparasites; (d) sub-network containing only parasiteswith multiple-host life cycles; (e) sub-network
containing only parasites with single-host life cycles; (f) sub-network containing only native hosts; (g) sub-network
containing only non-native hosts.