1. How would you describe the inner core?
The inner core is a dense, solid ball of iron!
2.
With so much heat in the center of the Earth how is the inner core a solid?
There is so much pressure in the Earth’s interior so it forces the particles to come together
in the form of a solid!
3.
Where do scientists think the Earth’s magnetic field is created?
Scientists believe that the Earth’s magnetic field is created by convection currents within
liquid outer core.
4.
What percent of the Earth is the mantle?
The mantle makes up about 80% of the Earth’s volume!
5.
Which layer of the Earth is our school sitting on?
The best school in Jersey City sits on the continental crust!
6.
What are the two types of crusts or plates?
The continental crust and the oceanic crust.
7.
Pangea!
What was Earth’s Supercontinent called?
8.
What type of plate boundary is responsible for sea-floor spreading?
Sea-floor spreading is produced by two oceanic crusts moving away from each other, so
that has to be at a divergent boundary!
9.
If a scientist discovers a mid-ocean ridge on the seafloor what can he/she predict
is occurring?
New crust is being formed at the ridge so the scientist can predict that that particular
ocean is getting bigger!
10. What is the theory called that states that the Earth’s plates are in constant motion.
The theory is called plate tectonics!
11. How are continental plates and oceanic plates different?
Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust.
12. What are two things that can be produced at a convergent boundary?
A convergent boundary can produce both a mountain range and a volcano.
13. Explain what happens at a convergent boundary involving two pieces of
continental crust?
The two pieces of continental crust will come together and produce a mountain range.
14. Explain what happens at a convergent boundary involving one piece of
continental crust and one piece of oceanic crust.
The oceanic crust will subduct, or sink under the continental crust and a volcano will
form on land.
15. Explain what happens at a convergent boundary involving two pieces of oceanic
crust.
One of the oceanic crust plates will sink under the other, melt, and come back up through
the other oceanic plate as magma. This will produce a volcano under water. This method
is how the Hawaiian Islands were formed.
16. What type of boundary is responsible for producing an earthquake?
Earthquakes are produced along transform boundaries.
17. If compression and/or tension forces are applied to rock layers what will be the
result?
Tension/Compression to rock layers causes the rocks to fold.
18. A fracture becomes a ____________ when the rocks on either side of the fracture
move in relation to each other.
Fault
19. What two factors produce metamorphic rocks?
Extreme heat and pressure cause the formation of metamorphic rocks.
20. What is the rock cycle?
The rock cycle is a series of processes in which rocks continuously change from one type to
another.
21. What are the three types of rocks?
Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic.
22. What type of rock does an erupting volcano produce?
An erupting volcano produces igneous rock.
23. Sandstone is what type of rock?
Sandstone is made from sand which is sediment so sandstone has to be a sedimentary
rock!
24. Explain the process of evaporation.
Evaporation is when a liquid changes into a gas.
25. Explain the process of condensation.
Condensation is when a gas turns into a liquid.
26. What is the name for rain, snow, and sleet?
Precipitation!
27. How could you increase the acceleration of an object?
A few ways my dear friend: decrease mass, decrease friction, increase force.
28. Explain the 1st Law of Motion.
An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion until
acted on by an outside force.
29. What word represents Newton’s First Law of Motion?
Inertia
30. What is the equation for Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
Force = Mass x Acceleration
31. Explain Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
Equal and opposite forces! For every force there is an opposing force!
32. What principle is responsible for flight?
Bernoulli’s Principle!
33. Explain Bernoulli’s Principle.
High speed = low pressure & Low speed = high pressure!
34. What was Archimedes doing when he discovered his principle?
He was taking a bath!
35. What does Archimedes’ Principle state?
It states that an object will displace its own weight in water.
36. Explain Boyle’s Law.
As pressure increases, volume will decrease!
37. Explain Charles’ Law.
As temperature increases volume will increase.
38. Explain how it’s possible for a balloon to explode when stored in a very hot car.
The temperature within the car will increase and the volume within the balloon will also
increase. This will cause the balloon to stretch out and eventually pop!
39. What group on the Periodic Table has eight outer electrons?
Group 18, the Noble Gases.
40. What is the most reactive group on the Periodic Table?
Group 1, the Alkali Metals.
41. What is the relationship from left to right on the Periodic Table?
From left to right, the elements get less reactive
42. What does the atomic number represent?
The atomic number is the amount of protons within the atoms of the element. It’s also
the number of electrons as well because the atom must be neutral!
43. What does atomic mass measure?
Atomic mass measures the amount of protons and neutrons within the atoms of the
element.
44. What are the three methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.
45. What type of heat transfer is responsible for heating a room, causing the Earth’s
plates to move, and making weather on Earth?
Convection!
46. Explain the process of conduction.
Conduction involves the direct transfer of heat through direct contact.
47. Explain the process of convection.
Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid such as a liquid or a gas.
48. Which heat transfer is through infrared waves?
Radiation!
49. Explain the behavior of heat.
Heat always travels from a warmer object to a cooler object.
50. What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
51. What is the scientific study of inheritance?
Genetics!
52. How would you describe the stronger form of a gene?
It’s a dominant gene!
53. How would you describe the weak form of a gene?
It’s a recessive gene!
54. What is the genotype?
The genotype is the genetic makeup of the organism.
55. What is the phenotype?
The phenotype shows what traits you have…it’s like a photograph!
56. What is a hybrid?
A hybrid is a combination of a dominant and recessive gene.
57. What are the sex cells called?
The sex cells are called gametes, and include the sperm and egg cells.
58. Most of a cell’s time is spent in what phase of cell division?
A cell spends most of its life growing and preparing to divide…this step is called
Interphase!
59. What is the point of mitosis?
For the cell to make an identical copy of itself!
60. Which form of cellular division is used for sexual reproduction (example:
gametes)?
Meiosis!
61. Which form of cellular division is used for asexual reproduction (ex: skin cells)?
Mitosis!