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Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Curriculum Vitae Date Prepared: July, 2015 Name: Gunnlaugur Pétur Nielsen Office Address: Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital 55 Fruit Street Warren 2 Boston, MA 02114 Home Address: 26 Palfrey Rd Belmont, MA 02478 Work Phone: 617-724-1469 Work Email: gnielsen@partners.org Work FAX: 617-726-9312 Place of Birth: Reykjavik, Iceland Education 1978-1882 Matriculum College Education Commercial College of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland 1982-1988 MD Medicine University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland Postdoctoral Training 6/88-11/88 Intern Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland 12/88-3/89 Intern Surgery, Department of Surgery The National Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland 4/89-7/89 Intern Medicine, Department of Medicine The St. Joseph's Hospital, Hafnarfjordur, Iceland 8/89-8/89 Intern Surgery, Department of Surgery The National Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland 9/89-6/91 Intern Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland 1 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 7/91-6/94 Resident Anatomic Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, MA 7/94-12/94 Chief Resident Anatomic Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 7/94-6/95 Castleman Fellow Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA Faculty Academic Appointments 7/97-6/99 Instructor Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 7/99-9/03 Assistant Professor Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 10/03- Associate Professor Pathology Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA present Appointments at Hospitals/Affiliated Institutions 7/95-6/97 Graduate Assistant Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 7/97-9/04 Assistant in Pathology Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 10/04- Associate Pathologist Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA Orthopedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA present 7/09-present Consultant Major Administrative Leadership Positions Local 1999-present Director Electron Microscopy Unit Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2005-present Medical Director Photography Laboratory Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2009-present Subspecialty Head Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Committee Service Local 1993-1994 Residency Selection Committee Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2011 RVU working group Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2012-2014 Compensation Committee Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2013present Quality Assurance Committee Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA Professional Societies 1995-present Connective Tissue Oncology Society 1996-present United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology 1996-2005 International Society of Urologic Pathology 1996-present The Society for Ultrastructural Pathology 1997-2004 International Society of Gynecological Pathology 1998-2003 American Association for the Advancement of Science 2001-present International Society of Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology 2007- 2012 2003-2006 New England Society of Pathologists 2004-present International Skeletal Society 2008-2009 International Skeletal Society 2013present Arthur Purdy Stout Society of Surgical Pathologists Editorial-Activities Ad hoc Reviewer Ad hoc Reviewer Officer at Large Co-Chair for the 2009 International Skeletal Society meeting. Sarcoma Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 3 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Ad hoc Reviewer Ad hoc Reviewer Ad hoc Reviewer Ad hoc Reviewer Ad hoc Reviewer New England Journal of Medicine Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica International Journal of Gynecology and Pathology American Journal of Surgical Pathology Histopathology Other Editorial Roles 2007-present Board of Advisory Editors Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research 2008-present Consulting Editorial Board Skeletal Radiology 2013present Editorial Board APMIS 2014 Guest Editor Mini Symposium: Pathology of cartilaginous Tumors in Diagnostic Histopathology Honors and Prizes 2000 Award for Excellence in Teaching Residents Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 2003 Ghadially Pathologistin-training Award (Resident Dr. Paula Arnell) Society for Ultrastructural Pathology for winning poster on Computer assisted threedimensional reconstruction of the Birbeck granule (USCAP) 2007 Ghadially Pathologistin-training Award (Resident Dr. Mamta Gupta) Society for Ultrastructural Pathology for winning poster on Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (USCAP) 2014 Award for Best AP Conference Teaching Series and Excellence in Curriculum Development Award Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 4 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Report of Funded and Unfunded Projects Funding Information 2001-2004 Phase II Prostate Grant (Full project period of the grant was 8/1/98 - 8/31/04, transferred from Georgetown to MGH 2001) DOD grant 202115 Co-investigator Examining the histologic effect of oncolytic herpes virus therapy on prostate cancer. 2004-2009 NIH Prostate grant (212892) Co-investigator Examining the histologic effect of oncolytic herpes virus therapy on prostate cancer. Report of Local Teaching and Training Teaching of Students in Courses Local 1996 Pathology Course (Lab), Tutor Harvard medical School, Boston, MA 2 hours contact time 2008 Endocrine Reproduction Block, Bone Lab Lecture for Metabolic Bone Disease 2nd year medical students Harvard medical School, Boston, MA 1 hour 2002-2003 Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology, Lecturer 100 medical students Tufts Medical School, Boston, MA Two 2-hour lectures 2009- 2013 Disease and Therapy, Lecture on Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer Medical Students Boston University, Boston, MA 60 min lecture/year Regional Formal Teaching of Residents, Clinical Fellows and Research Fellows (post-docs) Local 1994 Weekly Morbidity and Mortality Conference Participant, Lectures Department of Medicine and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 30 minutes presentation 1994 Weekly East and West Surgical Conference Participant, Lectures Department of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 30 minute presentation 5 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 1995-present Lectures and conferences on bone and soft tissue pathology, Lecturer Residents, postdoctoral fellows, and staff 1999-2004 Course in Basic Sciences in Orthopedics, Lecturer Orthopedic residents and fellows 2011current Course in Basic Sciences in Orthopedics, Lecturer Departments of Orthopedics, Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Pathology. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 60 min lecture Harvard Combined Orthopedic Residency Program, Boston, MA Two 15 minute lectures Orthopedic residents and fellows Harvard Combined Orthopedic Residency Program, Boston, MA One 15 minute lecture and labs 2005-present Electron Microscopy Lecture, Lecture Residents, fellows and staff Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 60 min lecture/year 2012present Introduction to bone tumor pathology, Lecture Residents, fellows and staff Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 60 min lecture/year 2012present Non-neoplastic bone pathology, Lecture Residents postdoctoral fellows and staff Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 60 min lecture/year 1998-present Lectures on bone and soft tissue pathology, Lecturer Pathology residents and fellows Mallory Institute of Pathology. Boston, MA 60 min presentation approximately every other week 2011present Lectures and conferences on bone and soft tissue pathology, Lecturer Residents and fellows Departments of Orthopedics, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA Regional 60 min lecture approximately once a month Formally Supervised Trainees 1996-1997 Keel, Suzanne, MD / Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 1997-1998 Ted Ruffolo, MD / St. Joseph’s Hospital, Tampa, FL 2000-2001 Justin Cates, MD, PhD / Associate Professor, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 2001-2002 Vikram Deshpande, MD/ Associate Professor at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 6 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 2002-2003 Benjamin Hoch, MD / Assistant Professor at Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 2003-2004 Paula Arnell, MD / Pathologist, Genesis Medical Center, Davenport, IA 2008-2009 Sephanie Koplin MD / Milwaukee, WI 2012-2013 Nicole Cipriani MD / Associate Professor, University of Chicago, IL 2014-2015 Darcy Kerr MD / Accepted a position at University of Miami, FL. Formal Teaching of Peers (e.g., CME and other continuing education courses) Local No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 1999-present Current Concepts in Surgical Pathology, Postgraduate course, Faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows 2003, 2004, 2011 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Two 1 hour lectures Dermatopathology Update, Postgraduate course, Faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Surgical Pathology for the Practicing Pathologist, Postgraduate course, Faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology for the Surgical Pathologist Postgraduate course, Faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 2008 Surgical Pathology for The Practicing Pathologist. Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology Course given in Ft. Myers, FL Three 60 min lectures 2011 Surgical Pathology for the Practicing Pathologist, Faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology Course given in Scottsdale, AZ Three 1 hour lectures 2012 Practical Head and Neck Pathology, Co-director, faculty member and lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Two 45 min lectures 2007 2008 7 30-45 minute lectures 3 hours of lectures. Course given in Scottsdale, AZ. Two 1 hour lectures Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 2013 Surgical Pathology for The Practicing Pathologist. Practising pathologists, residents, and fellows. Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology Course given in Ft. Myers, FL Two 1hour lectures 30 min case presentations National No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 2006-2008 Musculoskeletal Pathology Course, Lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Christus Santa Rosa Center for Children and Families, San Antonio, TX 5 hours of lectures 2010 Boston Musculoskeletal Oncology Course Lecturer Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows San Juan, PR Annual symposium 2011 Lecturer and Lab Instructor Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Academy of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of Puerto Rico San Juan, Puerto Rico Two 1 hour lectures 2011 8 hrs of lectures and slide session/labs International No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 2009 Boston Pathology Orthopedic Course Lecturer and Lab Instructor Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Hospital Universitario, La Paz Madrid, Spain 12 lectures and lab sessions, 20 to 45 minutes 2012 Boston Pathology Orthopedic Course Lecturer and Lab Instructor Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Hospital Universitario, La Paz Madrid, Spain 8 lectures and lab sessions, 30 to 45 minutes 2014 Boston Pathology Orthopedic Course Lecturer and Lab Instructor Practicing pathologists, residents and fellows Hospital Universitario, La Paz Madrid, Spain 5 lectures and lab sessions, 20 to 45 minutes Report of Regional, National and International Invited Teaching and Presentations Invited Presentations and Courses 8 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Regional No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 2003 NF Mouse Model Pathology Workshop. Soft tissue tumors - overview. Peripheral nerve tumors / Pathology group meeting and discussion Neurofibromatosis meeting, 2003, Boston, MA National No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 2001 Case presentation / Evening case presentation United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology (USCAP), Atlanta, GA 2003-2005 Small superficial soft tissue tumors, diagnosing the unexpected / Short Course United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Washington, DC, Vancouver, British Columbia, San Antonio, TX 2008 Chordoma / Visiting Professor Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 2009 Chordoma – From Ferrets to CGH / Invited speaker, Lecture Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 2009 The skeleton in health and disease. Cartilage tumors. / Lectures Bell Fall Pathology Symposium, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 2009 Ten case presentations / Presenter Minnesota Society of Pathologists, Minneapolis, MN 2011 Notochordal tumors of bone – what’s new? /Invited Speaker United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, International Society of Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology, San Antonio, TX 2011 Case presentation / Evening case presentation United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, San Antonio, TX 2011 Bone and Soft Tissue Session / Moderator United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, San Antonio, TX 2013 Bone and Soft Tissue Session / Moderator United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Baltimore, MD 2013 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: an update / Invited Speaker United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, International Society of Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology, Baltimore, MD 2014 Bone and Soft Tissue Session / Moderator United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, San Diego, CA 9 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen International No presentations below were sponsored by outside entities 2005 Bone tumors of the head and neck / Lecture International Asian Pathology Conference, Beijing, China 2006 Chondroid lipoma / Case presentation International Congress of the International Academy of Pathology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2007 Bone tumors of the head and neck / Lecture European Congress of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey 2008 Osteochondritis dissecans and insufficiency fractures of the knee / Lecture International Skeletal Society, New Delhi, India 2008 Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation / Case presentation at the closed session International Skeletal Society, New Delhi, India. 2009 Diagnostic Problems in Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology – a Practical approach, Six lectures and case presentations on bone and soft tissue pathology, Wielkopolskie Centrum, Onkologii, Poznan, Poland 2009 Chordoma / Paul Kneafsey Memorial Lecture University of Calgary, Calgary Canada 2009 Chondroid lipoma/ Visiting speaker European Congress of Pathology, Florence, Italy 2010 Case presentations / Moderator of bone and soft tissue session International Skeletal Society, Athens, Greece 2011 Selected topics in Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Lectures and case presentations. Morphopathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania 2011 European Society of Pathology, lymphoma of bone. Helsinki, Finland 2011 Diagnostic Problems in Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology – a Practical approach. Wielkopolskie Centrum Onkologii Poznan, Poland 2011 Dermatopathology and Soft Tissue Tumor Seminar. Frymburk, Czech Republic 2012 Third Conjoint Course in Surgical Pathology. Santiago, Chile 2013 Lectures (six lectures on bone and soft tissue) and slide presentations / 10 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Lebanese Society of Pathology, Beirut, Lebanon. 2013 Pathology Days In Timisoara. Recent advances in Gynecologic, Urologic and Soft Tissue Pathology Lectures and case presentations. Morphopathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. 2013 Kyoto Surgical Pathology Update. Current Topics and Controversies. Lectures and Case presentations. Department of Pathology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. 2013 Argentinian Society of Pathology Lectures and Case presentations. Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2013 Uruguayan Society of Pathology Lectures and Case presentations. Colonia, Uruguay. 2014 Argentinian Society of Pathology. Lectures and Case presentations Salta, Argentina. 2014 Invited speaker. Universidad del Aconcagua Mendoza, Argentina. 2014 Shanghai Tumor Pathology Summit Forum. Lectures and Case presentations Shanghai, China. 2014 International Academy of Pathology, Hong Kong division. Lectures and Case presentations Hong Kong. 2014 80th Annual Congress of the Swiss Society of Pathology. Lectures Lausanne, Switzerland. 2014 International Academy of Pathology. Lecture. Bangkok, Thailand. 2014 Riyadh Pathology Group Meeting Lectures. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 11 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 2014 Update on Pathology of Sarcoma Workshop Lectures and Case presentations. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2014 Orthopedic Basic Science Course Lecture. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2015 2nd Meeting of the Turkish Division of the International Academy of Pathology. Lectures. Ankara, Turkey. 2015 International Academy of Pathology, Australasian Division. Lectures Brisbane, Australia. Report of Clinical Activities and Innovations Current Licensure and Certification 1989 Icelandic Medical License, Registered Physician 1993 Massachusetts Medical License, Registered Physician 1997 The American Board of Pathology (Anatomic Pathology) Practice Activities 1997-present Anatomic Pathology Description of Clinical Practice My main contribution to the clinical practice at Massachusetts General Hospital is in supervising the Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Unit and the Electron Microscopy Unit, diagnosing bone and soft tissue specimens and electron microscopy (about 90% of my service contribution). The remaining clinical service work is in frozen section pathology. Through the years I have also been involved in diagnosing head and neck pathology, genitourinary pathology and gastrointestinal pathology. Patient Load The bone and soft tissue faculty are responsible for working up and diagnosing bone and soft tissue specimens. These specimens are often large complex resection specimens requiring correlation of morphology with the clinical features, radiographic images in conjunction with the immunohistochemical, cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies. My case load includes in-house cases in addition to cases submitted for consultation. As the head of the Electron Microscopy unit, I diagnose all electron microscopy cases (except for kidney and muscle biopsies). We receive around 1000 cases very year, 12 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen which includes difficult tumor cases, metabolic cases and biopsies for ciliary dyskinesia. Recently we have started getting more cases from outside hospitals and from the National Institute of Health. Clinical Contribution My main interest is bone and soft tissue pathology. I have written numerous papers on bone and soft tissue tumors, described new entities and recently co-authored a textbook with Dr. Andrew Rosenberg on bone tumors. That book is based on our experience with the large number of bone tumors that we have seen at Massachusetts General Hospital. Clinical Innovations Improved diagnostic criteria for mesenchymal tumors of the female genital tract, guiding prognosis and therapy Defined clinically important soft tissue tumors I have performed many clinicopathologic studies on on mesenchymal tumors of the lower female genital tract. Earlier in my career my emphasis was on mesenchymal tumors of the female genital tract and I wrote a number of papers on that subject, including a comprehensive review article that was published in the International Journal of Gynecologic Pathology (Review #3). My original work on mesenchymal tumors of the genital tract represents a substantial and major body of work in that area. The paper on smooth muscle tumors of the vulva, the largest series published (Paper #14), developed criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors, thus changing the ability to establish prognosis in the patients. Similarly, my papers on angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva and vagina (Paper #15), alveolar soft part sarcoma (Paper #10), synovial sarcoma (Paper #18), nodular fasciitis (Paper #18), fibromatosis (Paper #21), angiosarcoma (Paper #22) and rhabdomyosarcoma (Paper #24) of the female genital tract are also some of the largest series reported and fine-tuned diagnostic criteria. Recently we published a paper on SMARCB1 deficient vulval neoplasm (Paper #155), which represents a subset of vulvar tumors that are important to recognize since confusion can lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. All of these papers have better defined the clinicopathologic features of unusual tumors of the female genital tract, guiding prognosis and treatment. I have defined the clinicopathologic features of a number of soft tissue tumors, guiding prognosis and treatment. I was the first one to describe the so-called “lipomatous hemangiopericytoma” (Paper #9) and the importance of "cellular intramuscular myxoma" (Paper #26), a tumor that was, and still is frequently misdiagnosed as a sarcoma with patients treated as they had a sarcoma for something that we showed was a completely benign tumor. Our paper was the first one to recognize this variant of intramuscular myxoma as a benign tumor that could be treated with simple excision. Cellular myxoma has subsequently been accepted as a variant of intramuscular myxoma. We have also demonstrated that βCatenin mutation does not appear to correlate with recurrence in patients undergoing surgery for fibromatosis with negative margins (Paper # 132), 13 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Defined clinically important bone tumors which is important since specific mutation has been implicated in predicting local recurrence. In this paper we show that only margin status is important in predicting local recurrence, again guiding therapy of these patients. I have also defined a number of bone tumors that are now better understood at a clinical level, thus affecting management of these patients. For example, I was the senior author on a paper defining epithelioid angiosarcoma of bone (Paper #60). I have also reported our experience with epithelioid hemangioma of bone (Paper #83), which is by far the largest series, showing that these tumors, which not infrequently had been misdiagnosed and treated by some as sarcomas, are indeed benign, providing significant changes to how these lesions are treated. I was also a senior author on the largest series on primary sclerosing fibrosarcoma of bone, a tumor that frequently was misdiagnosed as osteosarcoma (Paper #148). This is important as primary sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma of bone can mimic primary osteosarcoma, which has a very specific chemotherapeutic protocol that is different from the treatment of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. We also showed that IDH1/2 mutations can be used to differentiate between chondrosarcoma and chondroblastic osteosarcoma (Paper #127) – something that can be difficult on a biopsy specimen but has tremendous clinical implications as chondrosarcoma is treated surgically and chondroblastic osteosarcoma with months of chemotherapy. This distinction is therefore important. Defined novel ultrastructural features of neoplasms In the paper on denosumab treatment of giant cell tumor of bone (Paper #158) we described for the first time in details the various morphologic changes that can mimic high grade sarcomas such as osteosarcoma, a misdiagnosis that has been made. The knowledge of these morphologic changes is very important to avoid this mistake. As head of the Electron Microscopy Unit at MGH, I have published a number of papers and abstracts, and won awards for defining novel ultrastructural aspects of human tumors, which can aid in diagnosis. One of our earlier abstracts was on the 3 dimensional reconstruction of the Birbeck granule, something that has not been done before, was awarded the pathologist-in-training award in 2003. Our paper on the ultrastructural features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (Paper #54) fine-tuned the diagnostic ultrastructural features. Another paper on the ultrastructural appearance of keratin positive Ewing’s sarcoma (Paper #62) showed for the first time that these keratin positive tumors show epithelial differentiation ultrastructurally, which may be an adverse prognostic factor. Report of Scholarship 14 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Publications Peer reviewed publications in print or other media Research investigations 1. Nielsen GP, Theodors A, Tulinius H. Cholecystectomy and colorectal cancer: A total population historical prospective study. Am J of Gastroenterol 1991; 86:1486-90. 2. Nielsen GP, Theodors A. Cholecystectomy and colorectal carcinoma in Iceland: The Icelandic Medical Journal 1991; 77:211-16. 3. Nielsen GP, Isaksson HJ, Finnbogason H, Gunnlaugsson GH. Adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix: A population study. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS) 1991; 99:653-56. 4. Nielsen GP, Bjornsson J, Jonasson JG. The accuracy of death certificates. Implications for health statistics. Virchows Archiv A. Pathol Anat 1991; 419:143-46. 5. Nielsen GP, Isaksson HJ, Finnbogason F, Gunnlaugsson GH. Adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix in Iceland from 1974-1990. The Icelandic Medical Journal 1992; 78:48-54. 6. Bjornsson J, Jonasson JG, Nielsen GP. The accuracy of the death certificate. The Icelandic Medical Journal 1992; 78:181-85. 7. Nielsen GP, Jonasson JG, Agnarsson BA, Isaksson HJ. Flow cytometric DNA analysis of adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix. APMIS 1992; 101:811-14. 8. DiSalvo G, Tatter SB, O'Gara PT, Nielsen GP, DeSanctis RW. Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage following thrombolytic therapy of embolic myocardial infarction in unsuspected infective endocarditis. Clin Cardiol 1994; 17:340-44. 9. Nielsen GP, Dickersin GR, Provenzal JM, Rosenberg AE. Lipomatous hemangiopericytoma. A histologic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of 3 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19:748-56. 10. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Young RH, Scully RE. Alveolar soft part sarcomas of the female genital tract. Report of 9 cases and review of the literature. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1995;14:28392. 11. Nielsen GP, O'Connell JX, Dickersin GR, Rosenberg AE. Chondroid lipoma. A tumor of white fat cells. A brief report of two cases with ultrastructural analysis. Am J Surg Pathol 1995;19:1272-76. 12. Golden JA, Nielsen GP, Pober BR, Hyman BT. The neuropathology of Williams Syndrome: Report of a 35-year-old man with presenile ß/A4 amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary 15 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen tangles. Arch Neurol 1995;52:209-12. 13. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Dretler SP, Young RH. An unusual pseudotumor of the penis: Report of a case associated with chronic Texas catheterization. J Urol Pathol 1996;4:79-84. 14. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Koerner F, Young RH, Scully RE. Smooth muscle tumors of the vulva. A clinicopathologic study of 25 cases and review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol 1996;20:779-93. 15. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Clement PB, Young RH, Scully RE. Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva and vagina. A clinicopathologic study of 12 cases. Mod Pathol 1996;9:284-91. 16. Nielsen GP, O’Connell JX, Dickersin GR, Rosenberg AE. Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma) of soft tissue. A report of seven cases. Mod Pathol 1996;9:791-95. 17. Nielsen GP, Pilch BZ, Black-Schaffer WS, Young RH. Wegener’s granulomatosis of the penis clinically simulating carcinoma. J Urol Pathol 1996;4:265-72. 18. Nielsen GP, Shaw P, Rosenberg AE, Dickersin GR, Young RH, Scully RE. Synovial sarcoma of the vulva. A report of 2 cases. Mod Pathol 1996;9:970-74. 19. Nielsen GP, Young RH, Dickersin GR, Rosenberg AE. Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva with sarcomatous transformation ("Angiomyofibrosarcoma”). Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:110408. 20. O'Connell JX, Young RH, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Bainbridge TC, Clement PB. Nodular fasciitis of the vulva. A study of six cases and literature review. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1997;16:117-23. 21. Nielsen GP. Young RH. Fibromatosis (soft tissue type) of the female genital tract. A report of two cases primarily involving the vulva and ovary. Int J of Gynecol Pathol 1997;16:383-86. 22. Nielsen GP, Young RH, Prat J, Scully RE. Primary angiosarcoma of the ovary. A report of seven cases and review of the literature. Int J of Gynecol Pathol 1997;16:378-82. 23. Nielsen GP, O'Connell JX, Dickersin GR, Rosenberg AE. Solitary fibrous tumor of soft tissue. A report of 15 cases, including 5 malignant examples with light microscopic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural data. Mod Pathol 1997;10:1028-37. 24. Nielsen GP, Oliva E, Rosenberg AE, Prat J, Young RH, Scully RE. Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the ovary. A clinicopathologic study of 13 cases. Int J of Gynecol Pathol 1998;17:113-19. 25. O'Connell JX, Nanthakumar S, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Osteoid osteoma. The uniquely innervated bone tumor. Mod Pathol 1998;11:175-80. 26. Nielsen GP, O’Connell JX, Rosenberg AE. Intramuscular myxoma. A clinicopathologic study 16 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen of 51 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:1222-27. 27. O’Connell JX, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Subchondral acute inflammation in severe arthritis: a sterile osteomyelitis? Am J Surg Pathol 1999; 23:192-97. 28. Nielsen GP, Burns KL, Rosenberg AE, Louis DN. CDKN2A gene deletions and loss of p16 expression occur in osteosarcomas that lack RB alterations. Am J Pathol 1998;153:159-63. 29. Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Nielsen GP, Jones D, Ramesh V, Gusella JF, Louis DN, Jacoby LB. The NF2 gene and merlin protein in human osteosarcomas. Neurogenetics 1998;2:73-4. 30. Fukumura D, Xavier R, Sugiura T, Chen Y, Park E, Lu N, Selig M, Nielsen GP, Taksir T, Jain RK, Seed B. Tumor induction of VEGF promoter activity in stromal cells. Cell 1998;94:71525. 31. Nielsen GP, Keel SB, Dickersin GR, Selig MK, Bhan AK, Rosenberg AE. Chondromyxoid fibroma. A tumor showing myofibroblastic, myochondroblastic and chondrocytic differentiation. Mod Pathol 1999;12:514-17. 32. Nielsen GP, Selig MK, O’Connell JX, Keel SB, Dickersin GR. Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes. A report of three cases with ultrastructural analysis. Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:1227-32. 33. Jesser C, Pitris C, Stamper D, Boppart SA, Nielsen GP, Brezinski ME, Fujimoto JG. High resolution endoscopic evaluation of transitional cell carcinoma with optical coherence tomography. Br J Radiol 1999;72:1170-76. 34. Keel SB, Bacha E, Mark EJ, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Primary pulmonary sarcoma. A clinicopathologic study of 26 cases. Mod Pathol 1999;12:1124-31. 35. Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Keel STB, Liebsch NJ. Chondrosarcoma of the base skull. A clinicopathologic study of 200 cases with emphasis on its distinction from chordoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:1370-75. 36. Nielsen GP, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Shaw J, Koh J, Louis DN. Immunohistochemical survey of p16INK4A expression in normal human tissues. Lab Invest 1999;79:1137-43. 37. Fidias P, Spiro I, Sobczak ML, Nielsen GP, Mankin H, Suit HD, Harmon DC. Long term results of combined modality therapy in primary bone lymphomas. Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys 1999;45:1213-18. 38. Nielsen GP, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Ino Y, Møller MB, Rosenberg AE, Louis DN. Malignant transformation on neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1 is associated with CDKN2A/p16 inactivation. Am J Pathol 1999;155:1879-84. 39. O’Connell JX, Wehrli BM, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Giant cell tumors of soft tissue: A clinicopathologic study of 18 benign and malignant tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:386-95. 17 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 40. Chang HT, Yantiss RK, Nielsen GP, McKee GT, Mark EJ. Lipid-rich diffuse malignant mesothelioma. Hum Pathol 2000;31:876-79. 41. Ceballos KM, Nielsen GP, Selig MK, O’Connell JX. Is anti-h-caldesmon useful for distinguishing smooth muscle and myofibroblastic tumors? An immunohistochemical study. Am J Clin Pathol 2000;114:746-53. 42. Rubin BP, Pins MR, Nielsen GP, Rosen S, His BL, Fletcher JA, Renshaw AA. Isochromosome 7q in adult Wilms’ tumors: diagnostic and pathogenetic implications. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:1663-69. 43. Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Wiederhold T, Nielsen GP, James M, Pinney-Michalowski D, Roy JE, Cohen WA, Ramesh V, Louis DN. NHE-RF, a merlin-interacting protein, is primarily expressed in luminal epithelia, proliferative endometrium, and estrogen receptorpositive breast carcinomas. Am J Pathol 2001;158:57-62. 44. Nasser SM, Choudry UG, Nielsen GP, Ott MJ. A leukemoid reaction in a patient with dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Surgery 2001;129:765-67. 45. Nielsen GP, Mangham DC, Grimer RJ, Rosenberg AE. Chordoma periphericum. A case report. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:263-67. 46. Cates JM, Rosenberg AE, O’Connell JX, Nielsen GP. Chondroblastoma-like chondroma of soft tissue. An under-recognized variant and its differential diagnosis. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25(5):661-66. 47. Bourget JL, Mathes DW, Nielsen GP, Randolph MA, Tanabe YN, Ferrara VA, Wu A, Arn S, Sachs DH, Lee WPA. Tolerance to musculoskeletal allografts with transient lymphocyte chimerism in miniature swine. Transplantation 2001;15:851-56. 48. Lee WPA, Rubin JP, Bourget JL, Bober SR, Randolph MA, Nielsen GP, Lerino FL, Sachs DH. Tolerance to limb tissue allografts between swine matched for major histocompatibility complex antigens. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;107:1482-90. 49. Graadt van Roggen JF, McMenamin ME, Belchis DA, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Fletcher CD. Reticular perineurioma. A distinctive variant of soft tissue perineurioma. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:485-93. 50. Varghese S, Newsome JT, Rabkin SD, McGeagh K, Mahoney D, Nielsen GP, Todo T, Martuza RL. Preclinical safety evaluation of G207, a replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1, inoculated intraprostatically in mice and nonhuman primates. Human Gene Therapy 2001;12:999-1010. 51. Nielsen GP, Fletcher CDM, Smith M, Rosenberg AE. Soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst. A clinicopathologic study of 5 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:64-9. 18 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 52. Mathes DW, Bourget JL, Randolph MA, Nielsen GP, Rerrera VR, Arn S, Sachs DH, Lee WPA. Recipient bone marrow engraftment in donor tissue following long-term tolerance to a composite tissue allograft. Transplantation 2002;27(73):1880-85. 53. Estourgie SH, Nielsen GP, Ott MJ. Metastatic patterns of extremity myxoid liposarcoma and their outcome. J Surg Oncol 2002;80:89-93. 54. Yantiss RK, Rosenberg AE, Selig MK, Nielsen GP. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an ultrastructural study. Int J Surg Pathol 2002;10(2):101-13. 55. O’Connell JX, Nielsen GP. Benign myxoid fibroblastic tumors of soft tissue. The “myxomas.” Pathology case reviews 2002; 7:146-152. 56. Morioka H, Weissbach L, Vogel T, Nielsen GP, Faircloth GT, Shao L, Hornicek FJ. Antiangiogenesis treatment combined with chemotherapy produces chondrosarcoma necrosis. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9(3):1211-17. 57. Mathes DW, Randolph MA, Solari MG, Nazzal JA, Nielsen GP, Arn S, Sachs DH, Lee WPA. Split tolerance to a composite tissue allograft in a swine model. Transplantation 2003;75(1):2531. 58. Deshpande V, Selig MK, Nielsen GP, Fernandez-del Castillo C. Lauwers GY. Ductulo-insular pancreatic endocrine neoplasms. Clinicopathologic analysis of a unique subtype of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27:461-68. 59. Yantiss RK, Nielsen GP, Lauwers GY, Rosenberg AE. Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor of the gastrointestinal tract and mesentery: A clinicopathologic study of five cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27:532-40. 60. Deshpande V, O’Connell JX, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the bone. A series of ten cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27(6):709-16. 61. Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Louis DN, Nielsen GP, Antonescu CR, Borowsky AD, Bronson RT, Burns DK, Cervera P, McLaughlin ME, Reifenberger G, Schmale MC, MacCollin M, Chao RC, Cichowski K, Kalamarides M, Messerli SM, McClatchey AI, Niwa-Kawakita M, Ratner N, Reilly KM, Zhu Y, Giovannini M. Comparative pathology of nerve sheath tumors in mouse models and humans. Cancer Res 2004 May 15;64(10):3718-24. 62. Srivastava A, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. Keratin positive Ewing's sarcoma: an ultrastructural study of 12 cases. Int J Surg Pathol 2005;13:43-50. 63. Srivastava A, Nielsen GP, Dal Cin P, Rosenberg AE. Primary monophasic synovial sarcoma of the liver: a case report. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2005 Aug;129(8):1047-49. 64. Hoch BL, Nielsen GP, Liebsch NJ, Rosenberg AE. Base of skull chordomas in children and adolescents: a clinicopathologic study of 73 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2006;30:811-18. 19 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 65. Hagendoorn J, Padera TP, Yock TI, Nielsen GP, di Tomaso E, Duda DG, Delaney TF, Gaissert HA, Pearce J, Rosenberg AE, Jain RK, Ebb DH. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β in Gorham's disease. Nat Clin Pract 2006;3(12):693-97. 66. Varghese S, Rabkin SD, Nielsen GP, Wang W, Martuza RL. Systemic oncolytic herpes virus therapy of poorly immunogenic prostate cancer metastatic to lung. Clin Can Res 2006;12:291927. 67. Hagendoorn J, Padera TP, Yock TI, Nielsen GP, di Tomaso E, Duda DG, Delaney TF, Gaissert HA, Pearce J, Rosenberg AE, Jain RK, Ebb DH. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta in Gorham's disease. Nat Clin Pract Oncol 2006;3:693-97. 68. Varghese S, Rabkin SD, Liu R, Nielsen GP, Ipe T, Martuza RL. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of IL-12, but not GM-CSF expressing oncolytic herpes simplex virus for transgenic mouse derived prostate cancers. Cancer Gene Ther 2006;13(3):253-65. 69. Varghese S, Rabkin SD, Nielsen GP, Wang W, Martuza RL. Systemic oncolytic herpes virus therapy of poorly immunogenic prostate cancer metastatic to lung. Clin Cancer Res 2006;1:2919-27. 70. Roehrl MH, Selig MK, Nielsen GP, Dal Cin, P, Oliva, E. A renal cell carcinoma with components of both chromophobe and papillary carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2007;450(1):93101. 71. Abraham JA, Hornicek FJ, Kaufman AM, Harmon DC, Springfield DS, Raskin KA, Mankin HJ, Kirsch DG, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Desphande V, Suit HD, DeLaney TF, Yoon SS. Treatment and outcome of 82 patients with angiosarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2007;14(6):195367. 72. Delaney TF, Kepka L, Goldberg SI, Hornicek FJ, Gebhardt MC, Yoon SS, Springfield DS, Raskin KA, Harmon DC, Kirsch DG, Mankin HJ, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Suit HD. Radiation therapy for control of soft tissue sarcomas resected with positive margins. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;67(5):1460-69. 73. Roehrl MH, Selig MK, Nielsen GP, Dal Cin P, Oliva E. A renal cell carcinoma with components of both chromophobe and papillary carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2007;450:93-101. 74. Kirsch DG, Dinulescu DM, Miller JB, Grimm J, Santiago PM, Young NP, Nielsen GP, Quade BJ, Chaber CJ, Schultz CP, Takeuchi O, Bronson RT, Crowley D, Korsmeyer SJ, Yoon SS, Hornicek FJ, Weissleder R, Jacks T. A spatially and temporally restricted mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma. Nat Med 2007 Aug;13(8):992-97. 75. Choopong P, Nielsen GP, Perlman EM, Huang JJ, Dryja TP, Foster CS. Solitary myofibroma of the sclera. Cornea 2007;26:114-16. 76. Deshpande V, Nielsen GP, Rosenthal DI, Rosenberg AE. Intraosseous benign notochord cell tumors (BNCT): Further evidence supporting a relationship to chordoma. Am J Surg Pathol 20 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 2007 Oct 31;(10):1573-77. 77. Varghese S, Rabkin SD, Nielsen GP, MacGarvey U, Liu R, Martuza RL. Systemic therapy of spontaneous prostate cancer in transgenic mice with oncolytic herpes simplex viruses. Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9371-79. 78. Lawlor M, Nielsen GP, Louis DN. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges with marked amianthoid fiber deposition. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2008 Oct;34(5):569-72. 79. Koch M, Nielsen GP, Yoon SS. Angiosarcoma and other sarcomas of vascular origin. J Surg Oncol 2008 Mar 15;97(4):321-29. 80. Sheah K, Ouelette HA, Torriani M, Nielsen GP, Kattapuram S, Bredella MA. Recurrent and metastatic myxoid liposarcomas: imaging appearance with histopathologic correlation. Skeletal Radiol 2008 Mar;37(3):251-8. 81. McCluggage WG, Nielsen GP, Young RH. Massive vulval oedema secondary to obesity and immobilization: A potential mimic of aggressive angiomyxoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2008 Jul;27(3):447-52. 82. Ruangchira-Urai R, Colby TV, Klein J, Nielsen GP, Kradin RL, Mark EJ. Nodular Amiodarone Lung Disease. Am J Surg Pathol 2008;32:1654-60. 83. Nielsen GP, Srivastava A, Kattapuram SV, Deshpande V, O'Connell JX, Mangham DC, Rosenberg AE. Epithelioid Hemangioma of Bone Revisited. A Study of 50 Cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2009 Feb;33(2):270-77. 84. Yoon SS, Stangenberg L, Lee YJ, Rothrock C, Dreyfuss JM, Baek KH, Waterman PR, Nielsen GP, Weissleder R, Mahmood U, Park PJ, Jacks T, Dodd RD, Risher CJ, Ryeom S, Kirsch DG. Efficacy of sunitinib and radiotherapy in genetically engineered mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;74(4):1207-16. 85. Han S, Polizzano C, Nielsen GP, Hornicek FJ, Rosenberg AE, Ramesh V. Aberrant hyperactivation of akt and Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling in sporadic chordomas. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(6):1940-6. Epub 2009 Mar 10 86. DeLaney TF, Liebsch NJ, Pedlow FX, Adams J, Dean S, Yeap BY, McManus P, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Harmon DC, Spiro IJ, Raskin KA, Suit HD, Yoon SS, Hornicek FJ. Phase II study of high-dose photon/proton radiotherapy in the management of spine sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;74(3):732-9. 87. Maduekwe UN, Hornicek FJ, Springfield DS, Raskin KA, Harmon DC, Choy E, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, DeLaney TF, Chen YL, Ott MJ, Yoon SS. Role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the staging of synovial, epithelioid, and clear cell sarcomas. Ann Surg Oncol 2009;16(5):1356-63. 88. Yang C, Schwab JH, Schoenfeld AJ, Hornicek FJ, Wood KB, Nielsen GP, Choy E, Mankin H, 21 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Duan Z. A novel target for treatment of chordoma: signal transducers and activators of transcription 3. Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(9):2597-605. 89. Schwab J, Antonescu C, Boland P, Healey J, Rosenberg A, Nielsen GP, Iafrate J, Delaney T, Yoon S, Choy E, Harmon D, Raskin K, Yang C, Mankin H, Springfield D, Hornicek F, Duan Z. Combination of PI3K/mTOR inhibition demonstrates efficacy in human chordoma. Anticancer Res 2009;29(6):1867-71. 90. Miller SJ, Jessen WJ, Mehta T, Hardiman A, Sites E, Kaiser S, Jegga AG, Li H, Upadhyaya M, Giovannini M, Muir D, Wallace MR, Lopez E, Serra E, Nielsen GP, Lazaro C, StemmerRachamimov A, Page G, Aronow BJ, Ratner N. Integrative genomic analyses of neurofibromatosis tumours identify SOX9 as a biomarker and survival gene. EMBO Mol Med 2009 Jul;1(4):236-48. 91. Farsad K, Kattapuram SV, Sacknoff R, Ono J, Nielsen GP. Sacral Chordoma. Radiographics 2009 Sep-Oct;29(5):1525-30. 92. Wilbur DC, Madi K, Colvin RB, Duncan LM, Faquin WC, Ferry JA, Frosch MP, Houser SL, Kradin RL, Lauwers GY, Louis DN, Mark EJ, Mino-Kenudson M, Misdraji J, Nielsen GP, Pitman MB, Rosenberg AE, Smith RN, Sohani AR, Stone JR, Tambouret RH, Wu CL, Young RH, Zembowicz A, Klietmann W. Whole-slide imaging digital pathology as a platform for teleconsultation: a pilot study using paired subspecialist correlations. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009 Dec;133:1949-53. 93. Duan Z, Choy E, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg A, Iafrate J, Yang C, Schwab J, Mankin H, Xavier R, Hornicek FJ. Differential expression of microRNA (miRNA) in chordoma reveals a role for miRNA-1 in Met expression. J Orthop Res 2010 Jun;28:746-52. 94. Gupta M, de Leval L, Selig M, Oliva E, Nielsen GP. Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors: an ultrastructural analysis of 13 cases. Ultrastruct Pathol 2010;34:16-24. 95. Belsley NA, Johnson MM, Selig MK, Nielsen GP. Use of electron microscopy in core biopsy diagnosis of oncocytic renal tumors. Ultrastruct Pathol 2010 Aug;34(4):189-94. 96. Demicco EG, Rosenberg AE, Björnsson J, Rybak LD, Unni KK, Nielsen GP. Primary RosaiDorfman disease of bone: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2010.Sep;34(9):1324-33. 97. Dahlgren M, Khosroshahi A, Nielsen GP, Deshpande V, Stone JH. Riedel's thyroiditis and multifocal fibrosclerosis are part of the IgG4-related systemic disease spectrum. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010 Sep;62(9):1312-18. 98. Tejwani A, Kobayashi W, Chen YL, Rosenberg AE, Yoon S, Raskin KA, Rosenthal DI, Nielsen GP, Hornicek FJ, Delaney TF. Management of acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma. Cancer 2010 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]. 99. Koplin SA, Nielsen GP, Hornicek FJ, Rosenberg AE. Epithelioid sarcoma with heterotopic 22 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen bone: a morphologic review of 4 cases. Int J Surg Pathol 2010 Jun;18(3):207-12. 100. Yang C, Hornicek FJ, Wood KB, Schwab JH, Choy E, Iafrate J, Rosenberg A, Nielsen GP, Xavier RJ, Mankin H, Duan Z. Characterization and analysis of human chordoma cell lines. Spine 2010 Jun 1;35(13):1257-64. 101. Yoon SS, Chen YL, Kirsch DG, Maduekwe UN, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Sahani DV, Choy E, Harmon DC, DeLaney TF. Proton-beam, intensity-modulated, and/or intraoperative electron radiation therapy combined with aggressive anterior surgical resection for retroperitoneal sarcomas. Ann Surg Oncol 2010 Jun;17(6):1515-29. 102. Yoon SS, Duda DG, Karl DL, Kim TM, Kambadakone AR, Chen YL, Rothrock C, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Kirsch DG, Choy E, Harmon DC, Hornicek FJ, Dreyfuss J, Ancukiewicz M, Sahani DV, Park PJ, Jain RK, Delaney TF. Phase II study of Neoadjuvant Bevacizumab and radiotherapy for resectable soft tissue sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010 Oct 5. 103. Antonescu CR, Zhang L, Chang NE, Pawel BR, Travis W, Katabi N, Edelman M, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Dal Cin P, Fletcher CD. EWSR1-POU5F1 fusion in soft tissue myoepithelial tumors. A molecular analysis of sixty-six cases, including soft tissue, bone, and visceral lesions, showing common involvement of the EWSR1 gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010 Dec;49(12):1114-24. 104. Duan Z, Choy E, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg A, Iafrate J, Yang C, Schwab J, Mankin H, Xavier R, Hornicek FJ. Differential expression of microRNA (miRNA) in chordoma reveals a role for miRNA-1 in Met expression. J Orthop Res 2010 June;28(6):746-52. 105. Kim B, Chen YL, Kirsch DG, Goldberg SI, Kobayashi W, Hyun Kung J, Wolfgang JA, Doppke K, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Raskin KA, Springfield DS, Schwab JH, Gebhardt MC, Yoon SS, Hornicek FJ, Delaney TF. An effective preoperative three-dimensional radiotherapy target volume for extremity soft tissue sarcoma and the effect of margin width on local control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010 Jul 1;77(3):843-850. 106. Demicco EG, Deshpande V, Nielsen GP, Kattapuram SV, Rosenberg AE. Well-differentiated osteosarcoma of the jaw bones: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2010 Nov;34(11):1647-55. 107. Etit D, Selig M, Faquin WC, Pitman WB, Tambouret Misdraji J, Nielsen GP. The utility of electron microscopy in cytopathology. Ultrastruct Pathol 2010;34(5):252-9. 108. Demicco EG, Deshpande V, Nielsen GP, Kattapuram SV, Rosenberg AE. Well-differentiated osteosarcoma of the jaw bones: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010 Nov;34(11):1647-55. 109. Antonescu CR, Zhang L, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Dal Cin P, Fletcher CD. Consistent t(1;10) with rearrangements of TGFBR3 and MGEA5 in both myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma and hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2011 Oct;50(10):757-64. doi: 10.1002/gcc.20897. Epub 23 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 2011 Jun 29. 110. Lee AF, Hayes MM, Lebrun D, Espinosa I, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Lee CH. FLI-1 distinguishes Ewing Sarcoma from small cell osteosarcoma and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2011; 19(3):233-238. 111. Le LP, Nielsen GP (co first authors), Rosenberg AE, Thomas D, Batten JM, Deshpande V, Schwab J, Duan Z, Xavier RJ, Hornicek FJ, Iafrate AJ. Recurrent chromosomal copy number alterations in sporadic chordomas. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e18846. 112. Deshpande V, Khosroshahi A, Nielsen GP, Hamilos DL, Stone JH. Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis is a form of IgG4-related systemic disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 May;35(5):701-6. 113. Lee AF, Hayes MM, Lebrun D, Espinosa I, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Lee CH. FLI-1 distinguishes Ewing sarcoma from small cell osteosarcoma and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2011 May;19(3):233-8. 114. Yoon SS, Duda, DG, Karl DL, Kim TM, Kambadokone, AR, Chen YL, Rothrock C, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Kirsch DG, Choy E, Harmon DC, Hornicek FJ, Dreyfuss, J, Ancukiewicz M, Sahani DV, Park PJ, Jain RK, Delaney TF. Phase II study of neoadjuvant bevacizumab and radiotherapy for resectable soft tissue sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Nov 15;81(4):1081-90. 115. Schoenfeld AJ, Hornicek FJ, Pedlow FX, Kobayashi W, Raskin KA, Springfield D, Delaney TF, Nielsen GP, Mankin HJ, Schwab JH. Chondrosarcoma of the mobile spine: a review of 21 cases treated at a single center. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012;37(2):119-26. 116. Deshpande V, Huck A, Ooi E, Stone JH, Faquin WC, Nielsen GP. Fibrosing variant of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an IgG4 related disease. J Clin Pathol 2012;65(8):725-8. 117. Peacock ZS, Resnick CM, susaria SM, Faquin WC, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Schwab JH, Hornicek F, Ebb DH, Dodson TB, Kaban LB. Do Histologic Criteria Predict Biologic Behavior of Giant Cell Lesions? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;70(11):2573-80. 118. Bierry G, Kerr DA, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Huant AJ, Torriani M, Bredell MA. Enchondromas in children: imaging appearance with pathologic correlation. Skeletal Radiol 2012; 41:1223-1229. 119. Liu X, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Waterman PR, Yang W, Choy E, Sassi S, Yang S, Harmon DC, Schwab JH, Kobayashi E, Mankin HJ, Xavier R, Weissleder R, Duan Z, Hornicek FJ. Establishment and characterization of a novel chordoma cell line: CH22. J Orthop Res 2012 (30);12:1666-73. 120. Ignatius MS, Chen E, Elpek NM, Fuller AZ, Tenente IM, Clagg R, Liu S, Blackburn JS, Linardic CM, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen PG, Mempel TR, Langenau DM. In vivo imaging of 24 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen tumor-propagating cells, regional tumor heterogeneity, and dynamic cell movements in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer Cell. 2012 May 15;21(5):680-93. 121. Mullen JT, DeLaney TF, Kobayashi WK, Szymonifka J, Yeap BY, Chen, YL, Rosenberg AE, Harmon DC, Choy E, Yoon SS, Raskin KA, Nielsen GP, Hornicek J (co-last authors). Desmoid Tumor: Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Outcomes in a Surgical Series. Ann Surg Oncol 2012;19(13):4028-35. 122. Bierry G, Kerr DA, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, Huang AJ, Torriani M, Bredella MA. Enchondromas in children: imaging appearance with pathological correlation. Skeletal Radiol. 2012;41(10):1223-9. 123. Yilmaz ÖH, Katajisto P, Lamming DW, Gültekin Y, Bauer-Rowe KE, Sengupta S, Birsoy K, Dursun A, Yilmaz VO, Selig M, Nielsen GP, Mino-Kenudson M, Zukerberg LR, Bhan AK, Deshpande V, Sabatini DM. mTORC1 in the Paneth cell niche couples intestinal stem-cell function to calorie intake. Nature. 2012 Jun 28;486(7404):490-5. 124. Hong NJ, Hornicek FJ, Harmon DC, Choy E, Chen YL, Yoon SS, Nielsen GP, Szymonifka J, Yeap BY, Delaney TF, Mullen JT. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with high-risk extremity and truncal sarcomas: A 10-year single institution retrospective study. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49(4):875-883. 125. Look Hong NJ, Hornicek FJ, Raskin KA, Yoon SS, Szymonifka J, Yeap B, Chen YL, Delaney TF, Nielsen GP, Mullen JT. Prognostic Factors and Outcomes of Patients with Myxofibrosarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 Jan;20(1):80-6. . 126. Ryan RJ, Akin C, Castells M, Wills M, Selig MK, Nielsen GP, Ferry JA, Hornick JL. Mast cell sarcoma: a rare and potentially under-recognized diagnostic entity with specific therapeutic implications. Mod Pathol. 2013 Apr;26(4):533-43. 127. Kerr DA, Lopez HU, Deshpande V, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Rosenberg AE, Borger DR, Nielsen GP. Molecular Distinction of Chondrosarcoma from Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma through IDH1/2 Mutations. Am J Surg Pathol 2013; 37(6):787-95. 128. Kurzawa P, Kattapuram S, Hornicek FJ, Antonescu CR, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. Primary Myoepithelioma of Bone. A Report of 8 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2013;37:960-968. 129. Kang J, Botros M, Goldberg S, Giraud C, Nielsen GP, Chen YL, Raskin K, Schwab J, Yoon SS, Hornicek FJ, Delaney TF. The use of radiation therapy in the management of selected patients with atypical lipomas. Sarcoma. 2013;2013:485483. 130. Antonescu CR, Romeo S, Zhang L, Nafa K, Hornick JL, Nielsen GP, Mino-Kenudson M, Huang HY, Mosquera JM, Dei Tos PA, Fletcher CD. Dedifferentiation in gastrointestinal stromal tumor to an anaplastic KIT-negative phenotype: a diagnostic pitfall: morphologic and molecular characterization of 8 cases occurring either de novo or after imatinib therapy. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013 Mar;37(3):385-92. 25 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 131. Look Hong NJ, Hornicek FJ, Harmon DC, Choy E, Chen YL, Yoon SS, Nielsen GP, Szymonifka J, Yeap BY, DeLaney TF, Mullen JT. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with high-risk extremity and truncal sarcomas: a 10-year single institution retrospective study. Eur J Cancer. 2013 Mar;49(4):875-83. 132. John T. Mullen, MD, Thomas F. DeLaney, MD, Andrew E. Rosenberg, MD, Long Le, MD, PhD, A. John Iafrate, MD, PhD, Wendy Kobayashi, BA, Jackie Szymonifka, MA, Beow Y. Yeap, ScD, Yen-Lin Chen, MD, David C. Harmon, MD, Edwin Choy, MD, Sam S. Yoon, MD, Kevin A. Raskin, MD, Francis J. Hornicek, MD, PhD*, Nielsen GP, MD. β-Catenin Mutation Status and Outcomes in Sporadic Desmoid Tumors. The Oncologist; 2013; 18(9):1043-1049. 133. Storer NY, White RM, Uong A, Price E, Nielsen GP, Langenau DM, Zon LI. Zebrafish rhabdomyosarcoma reflects the developmental stage of oncogene expression during myogenesis. Development 2013;140:3040-3050. 134. Boyaci B, Hornicek FJ, Nielsen GP, Delaney TF, Pedlow FX jr. Mansfield FL, Carrier CS, Harris J, Schwab JH. Epithelioid hemangioma of the spine: a case series of six patients and review of the literature. Spine J; 2013; Dec 13 (12):e7-13. 135. Zhang L, Guo S, Schwab JH, Nielsen GP, Choy E, Ye S, Zhang Z, Mankin H, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Tissue microarray immunohistochemical detection of brachyury is not a prognostic indicator in chordoma. PLoS One 2013; Sep 23;8 (9):e75851. 136. Chen EY, Dobrinski KP, Brown KH, Clagg R, Edelman E, Ignatius MS, Chen JY, Brockmann J, Nielsen GP, Ramaswamy S, Keller C, Lee C, Langenau DM. Cross-species array comparative genomic hybridization identifies novel oncogenic events in zebrafish and human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. PLoS Genet 2013; Aug 9(8):e1003727. 137. Burger A, Vasilyev A, Tomar R, Selig MK, Nielsen GP, Peterson RT, Drummond IA, Haber DA. A zebrafish model of chordoma initiated by notochord-driven expression of HRASV12. Dis Model Mech. 2013 Dec 5. 138. Cipriani AC, Letovanec I, Hornicek FJ, Mullen JT, Duan Z, Borger DR, Nielsen GP. BRAF Mutation in “Sarcomas”: A Possible Method to Detect Dedifferentiated Melanomas. Histopathology 2014;64(5):639-646. 139. Selvarajah S, Pyne S, Chen E, Sompallae R, Ligon AH, Nielsen GP, Dranoff G, Stack E, Loda M, Flavin R. High- Resolution Array CGH and Gene Expression Profiling of Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(6):1521-1530. 140. Duan Z, Shen J, Yang X, Yang P, Osaka E, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Zhang Y, Nielsen GP, Spentzos D, Mankin H, Hornicek F. Prognostic significance of miRNA-1 (miR-1) expression in patients with chordoma. J Orthop Res. 2014;32(5):695-701. 141. Guo S, Lopez-Marquez H, Fan KC, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Nielsen GP, Yang C, Zhang C, Manking H, Hornicek FJ, Borger DR, Duan Z. Synergistic effects of targeted P13K signaling inhibition and chemotherapy in liposarcoma. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 2;9(4):e93996. 26 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093996. eCollection 2014. 142. Delaney TF, Liebsch NJ, Pedlow FX, Adams J, Weyman EA, Yeap BY, Depauw N, Nielsen GP, Harmon DC, Yoon SS, Chen YL, Schwab JH, Hornicek FJ. Long-term results of phase II study of high dose photon/proton radiotherapy in the management of spine chordomas, chondrosarcomas and other sarcomas. J Surg Oncol. 2014 Aug; 110 (2):115-122. 143. Shen JK, Cote GM, Choy E, Yang P, Harmon D, Schwab J, Nielsen GP, Chebib I, Ferrone S, Wang X, Wang Y, Mankin H, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in osteosarcoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2014 jul;2(7):690-698. 144. Mullen JT, Hornicek FJ, Harmon DC, Raskin KA, Chen YL, Szymonifka J, Yeap BY, Choy E, DeLaney TF, Nielsen GP. Prognostic significance of treatment-induced pathologic necrosis in extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Cancer 2014 Dec 1;120:3676-3682. 145. Mathes DW, Solari MG, Gazelle GS, Butler PE, Wu A, Nazzal A, Nielsen GP, Huang CA, Sachs DH, Lee WP, Randolph MA. Stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism permits tolerance of vascularized composite allografts across a full MHC mismatch in swine. Transpl Int 2014 Oct;27(10):1086-1096. 146. Stacy RC, Bernardo LA, Nielsen GP. Absence of chromosomal abnormalities in herniated orbital fat. Histopathology 2014 Aug; 65(2):273-277. 147. Cipriani NA, Kurzawa P, Ahmad R, Deshpande V, Hornicek FJ, Mullen J, Nielsen GP. Prognostic value of myogenic differentiation in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas of soft tissue. Human Pathol 2014 Jul:45(7):1504-1508. 148. Wojcik J, Bellizzi AM, Dal Cin P, Bredella MA, Fletcher CMD, Hornicek F, Desphande V, Hornick JL, Nielsen GP. Primary sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma of bone: analysis of a series. Am J Surg Pathol 2014 38(11):1538-1544. 149. Choy E, MacConaill LE, Cote GM, Le LP, Shen JK, Nielsen GP, Iafrate AJ, Garraway LA, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Genotyping cancer-associated genes in chordoma identifies mutations in oncogenes and areas of chromosomal loss involving CDKN2A, PTEN, and SMARCB1. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 1;9(7):e101283. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101283. eCollection 2014. 150. Bichara DA, Malchau E, Silleson NH, Cakmak S, Nielsen GP, Muratoglu OK. Vitamin Ediffused highly cross-linked UHMWPE particles induce less osteolysis compared to highly cross-linked virgin UHMWPE particles in vivo. J Arthroplasty 2014 Sep;29 (9 Suppl):232-7. 151. Pan E, Goldberg SI, Chen YL, Giraud C, Hornick JL, Nielsen GP, Hornicek FJ, Raut CP, DeLaney TF, Baldini EH. Role of post-operative radiation boost for soft tissue sarcomas with positive margins following pre-operative radiation and surgery. J Surg Oncol 2014 110(7):81722. 152. Riggi N, Knoechel B, Gillespie Sm, Rheinbay E, Boulay G, Suva ML, Rossetti NE, Boonseng 27 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen WE, Oksuz O, Cook EB, Formey A, Patel A, Gymrek M, Thapar, Deshpande V, Ting DT, Hornicek FJ, Nielsen GP, Stamenkovic I, Aryee MJ, Bernstein Be, Rivera MN. EWS-FLI1 Utilizes divergent chromatin remodeling mechanisms to directly activate or repress enhancer elements in Ewing Sarcoma. Cancer Cell 2014, 10:26(5):668-81. 153. Jones NC, Nazarian RM, Duncan LM, Kamionek M, Lauwers GY, Tambouret RH, Wu CL, Nielsen GP, Brachtel EF, Mark EJ, Sadow PM, Grabbe JP, Wilbur DC. Interinstitutional Whole Slide Imaging Teleconsultation Service Development: Assessment Using Internal Training and Clinical Consultation Cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014 (in press). 154. Agaram NP, Chen HW, Xhang L, Sung YS, Panicek D, Healey JH, Nielsen GP, Fletcher CD, Antonescu CR. EWSR1-PBX3: A novel gene fusion in myoepithelial tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2015; 54(2):63-71. 155. Folpe AL, Schoolmeester KJ, McCluggage G, Sullivan LM, Biegel JA, Ahrens WA, Oliva E, Nielsen GP. SMARCB1-deficient vulvar sarcomas: A clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of 13 cases. Am J Surg Pathol (in press). 156. Chebib I, Hornicek FJ, Nielsen GP, Deshpande V. Cytomorphologic features that distinguish schwannoma from other low-grade spindle cell lesions. Cancer Cytopathol 2015 (in press). 157. Bennett JA, Sanada S, Selig MK, Hariri LP, Nielsen GP, Oliva E. Giant cell tumor of the uterus: A report of 3 cases with a spectrum of morphologic features. In J Gynecol Pathol (in press). 158. Wojcik J; Rosenberg, AE; Bredella MA; Choy, E; Nielsen GP; Deshpande V (co last authors). Denosumab-treated giant cell tumor of bone exhibits morphologic overlap with malignant giant-cell tumor of bone. Am J Surg Pathol (in press). Non-peer reviewed scientific or medical publications/materials in print or other media Reviews, chapters, monographs and editorials Reviews 1. Nielsen GP. A Clinical guide to primary bone tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999;5:447. 2. O’Connell JX, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Epithelioid vascular tumors of bone. A review and proposal of a classification scheme. Adv Anat Pathol 2001;874-82. 3. Nielsen GP, Young RH. Mesenchymal tumors and tumor-like lesions of the female genital tract. A selective review with emphasis on recently described entities. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2001;20:105-27. 4. Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. Giant cell containing lesions of bone and their differential diagnosis. Current Diagnostic Pathology 2001;7:235-46. 28 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 5. Nielsen, GP, O'Connell JX, Wherli BM, Rosenberg AE. Collagen-rich tumors of soft tissues: an overview. Adv Anat Pathol. 2003;10(4):179-99. 6. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Update on bone forming tumors of the head and neck. Head and Neck Pathology 2008;1:87-93. 7. Nielsen GP. Enzinger and Weiss’s soft tissue tumors. Int J of Gynecol Pathol 2009;28;502 8. Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Reith J. Surgical pathology of joint prostheses. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2011 Feb;28(1):65-72. Review. 9. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE, O'Connell JX, Kattapuram SV, Schiller AL. Tumors and diseases of the joint. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2011 Feb;28(1):37-52. Review. 10. Chebib I, Hornicek FJ, Bredella MA, Deshpande V, Nielsen GP. Histologic variants of chondrosarcoma. Diagnostic Histopathology 2014; 20:5: 172-180. Editorials 1. Nielsen GP, Theodors A. Carcinoma of the colon: is cholecystectomy a risk factor? The Icelandic Medical Journal 1991;77:217-19. Chapters 1. Nielsen GP, O’Connell JX, Rosenberg AE. Pathology of selected diseases affecting the bones and joints of the head and neck. In: Pilch BZ, editor. Head and neck surgical pathology. Philadelphia: Lippincott – Raven; 2001. p. 438-75. 2. O'Connell JX, Nielsen GP. Tumors demonstrating adipocytic differentiation. In: Montgomery E and Aaron AD, editors. Clinical pathology of soft tissue tumors. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker Inc.; 2001. p. 199-246. 3. Nielsen GP, Mandahl N. Lipoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, editors. World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 20-22. 4. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Lipomatosis. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Intramuscular myxoma. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 23-24. 5. Nielsen GP. Lipomatosis of nerve. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 24-25. 6. Nielsen GP, Stenman G. Intramuscular myxoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, 29 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 186-187. 7. Nielsen GP, Stenman G. Juxta-articular myxoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 188. 8. Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP, Fletcher JA. Aneurysmal bone cyst. In: Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002. p. 338-339. 9. Nielsen GP, Layfield LJ, Rosenberg AE. Neoplastic and tumor-like lesions of bone. In: Silverberg SG, DeLellis RA, Frable WJ, LiVolsi, Wick MR, editors. Silverberg's principles and practice of surgical pathology and cytopathology. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2006. p. 701-83. 10. Nielsen GP, Krishnasetty V, Rosenthal DI, Rosenberg AE. Diseases of the skeletal system: osteochondrodysplasias, bone tumors, osteomyelitis, arthritis, and osteolysis syndromes. In: Gilbert-Barness E, editor. Potter's pathology of the fetus and infant 2nd Edition, London, England: Elsiver Ltd.; 2007. p. 1797-1835. 11. Nielsen GP, Mandahl N. Lipoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 20-21. 12. Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Lipomatosis. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 22. 13. Nielsen GP. Lipomatosis of nerve. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 23. 14. Nielsen GP, Hogendorn CWP. Intramuscular myxoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 195-196. 15. Nielsen GP, Hogendorn CWP. Juxta-articular myxoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 197. 16. Nielsen GP, Fletcher JA, Oliveira A. Aneurysmal bone cyst. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 348-349. 17. Nielsen GP, Lothe RA, Antonescu C. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft 30 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 187-188. 18. Nielsen GP, Kyriakos M. Non-ossifying fibroma/benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn PCW, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 302-304. 19. Hogendoorn PCW, Bovee JVM, Nielsen GP. Chondrosarcoma (grades I-III), including primary and secondary variants and periosteal chondrosarcoma. In: Fletcher CDM, Hogendoorn CWP, Bridge JA, Mertens F, editors. WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2013. p. 264-268. 20. Nucci, MR, McCluggage WG, Nielsen GP, Oliva E. Mesenchymal tumors (of the vagina). In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington S, Young RH, editors. WHO classification of tumors of female reproductive organs. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2014. p. 218-221. 21. Nucci MR, Ganesan R, McCluggage WG, Nielsen GP. Soft tissue tumors (of the vulva). In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington S, Young RH, editors. WHO classification of tumors of female reproductive organs. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2014. p. 243-249. Book/textbooks for the medical or scientific community 1. Nielsen GP*, Rosenberg AE*, Deshpande V, Hornicek, Kattapuram, Rosenthal. Diagnostic pathology. Bone. 1st edition. Salt Lake City, Utah: Amirsys Inc; 2012 p. 1-410. (Equal Co-first authors) Case reports 1. Harmon D and Nielsen GP. A 55-year-old man with a paraspinal mass and a history of radiation treatment of testicular tumor. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1079-84. 2. Moncure AC and Nielsen GP. A 31-year-old woman with pain in the left lumbar region and left lower quadrant. N Engl J Med 1996;336:650-55. 3. Freedman AS and Nielsen GP. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of lumbar pain and incontinence of bladder and bowel. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1188-96. 4. Peters CA and Nielsen GP. A 21-week-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of fever. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1733-40. 5. Delaney TF, Nielsen GP. A 45-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a mass at the apex of the right lung. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1814-21. 6. Einhorn TA, Nielsen GP. A 26-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a tumor in the right knee. N Engl J Med 2001;344;124-31. 31 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen 7. Volk M, Nielsen GP. A 2-1/2-month-old boy was evaluated at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary because of approximately two weeks of gradually progressive swelling in the region of the right upper lip. N Engl J Med 2001;344:750-57. 8. Terek RM, Nielsen GP. A 14-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of bone pain and skeletal abnormalities. N Engl J Med 2001;345:903-08. 9. O’Connell JX, Nielsen GP. Benign myxoid fibroblastic tumors of soft tissue. The “myxomas.” Pathology case reviews 2002;7:146-52. 10. Dodson TB, Carusa PA, Nielsen GP. A 32-year-old man with pain and swelling of the jaw. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(3):267-75. 11. Mandal RV, Duncan LM, Austen WG jr, Nielsen GP. Infiltrating intramuscular spindle cell lipoma of the face. J Cutan Pathol Jan 27, 2009. 2009;36(Suppl 1):70-73. 12. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of an unusual follicular adenoma with sebaceous-like features. Bledsoe JR, Sadow PM, Stephen A, Nielsen GP, Faquin WC. Endocr Pathol 2012;65(8):725-8. 13. Kradin RL, Sheldon TA, Nielsen P, Selig M, Hunt J. Malakoplakia of the tongue complicating the site of irradiation for squamous cell carcinoma with review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2012; 16(3):214-218. 14. Kraft S, Antonescu CR, Rosenberg AE, Deschler DG, Nielsen GP. Primary clear cell sarcoma of the tongue. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013;137(11):1680-83. 15. Cipriani NA, Ryan DP, Nielsen GP. Primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy with rosettes: A new finding and literature review. Int J Surg Pathol 2014;22(7):647-51. 16. Lee JJ, Bredell MA, Springfield DS, Nielsen GP. Soft tissue angiofibroma: A case report. Skeletal Radiol 2014; 43(3):403-407. 17. A 33-year-old man with low back pain. Zhang D, Hess K, Nielsen GP, Schwab JH. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Apr;472(4):1345-50. 18. Chebib I, Deshpande V, Nielsen GP. Sclerosing Muc-4 positive sarcoma with glandular differentiation resembling sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2014 (in press). 19. Jones M, Chebib I, Deshpande V, Nielsen GP. Radiation-Associated Low-Grade Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma of the Neck Following Treatment for Thyroid Cancer. Int J Surg Pathol (in press). Abstracts, Poster Presentations and Exhibits Presented at Professional Meetings 32 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Exhibits presented at professional meetings 1. Ishak SE, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Chordoma arising in benign notochordal cell tumor: A detailed radiological, gross and microscopic description of three cases involving the lumbar spine. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2012. 2. Lee YD, Le LP, Deshpande V, Iafrate AJ, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. The benign notochordal cell tumor and ecchordosis physaliphora lack the complex genomic and genetic alterations commonly found in the conventional chordomas. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2012. 3. Lew M, Carruthers M, Khosroshahi A, Hasserjian R, Stone JH, Nielsen GP, Deshpande V. Clinicopathologic features of IgG4-associated retroperitoneal fibrosis. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2012. 4. Lee YD, Le LP, Deshpande V, Iafrate AJ, Rosenberg AE, Nielsen GP. The benign notochordal cell tumor and ecchordosis physaliphora lack the complex genomic and genetic alterations commonly found in the conventional chordomas. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, 2013. 5. Lew M, Carruthers M, Khosroshahi A Hasserjian R, Stone JH, Nielsen GP, Deshpande V. Clinicopathologic features of IgG4-associated retroperitoneal fibrosis. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, 2013. 6. Zhang Y, Bauer TW, Wojcik JB, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Giant cell tumor of bone in children and adolescent – A series of 43 cases. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, San Diego, CA, 2014. 7. Cornejo KM, Dong F, Wu CL, Young RH, Braaten K, Sadow PM, Nielsen GP, Oliva E. Papillary renal cell carcinoma: correlation of tumor grade and histologic characteristics with clinical outcome. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, San Diego, CA, 2014. 8. Inyang AF, Inwards CY, Folpe AL, Nielsen GP, Rosenberg AE. Primary Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma of Bone. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Boston, MA, 2015. 9. Wojcik J, Mahadevan KK, Nielsen GP, Deshpande V. Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Atypical Lipomatous Neoplasm/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma. Annual Meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Boston, MA, 2015. Narrative Report 33 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen I am a full-time surgical pathologist and the Director of Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology and of the Electron Microscopy Unit in the Department of Pathology at the Massachusetts General Hospital. My clinical focus and research interests are the clinicopathologic and genetic features of bone and soft tissue tumors, and I have contributed extensively new knowledge on these subjects. My position in the field has also been recognized by my contributing widely to the World Health Organization classifications of bone and soft tissue tumors, writing nine chapters for the latest edition and also co-authoring several chapters on soft tissue tumors in the WHO classification of Tumors of the Female Genital Tract. My clinical innovations have been in the area of bone and soft tissue tumors — an area of subspecialty expertise that is limited in the most part to larger academic medical centers. Notably, bone pathology is a particularly uncommon subspecialty, as it is highly dependent on the institution having a large orthopedic oncology service. In this regard, with a large and highly collaborative orthopedic oncology service at MGH, our Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology sees a wealth of materials, allowing novel clinicopathological and now clinicopathological-genetic correlations to be made. My earliest focus was not in bone, but in soft tissue pathology, with an emphasis on mesenchymal tumors of the female genital tract; in this area, my papers, some of which are the largest in the field, established criteria to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors — criteria that allow more precise guidance of subsequent clinical care for patients with these tumors. As a result, over the years, these criteria have been adapted widely. These papers have covered a wide gamut of different mesenchymal lesions of the female genital tract, including angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva and vagina, alveolar soft part sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, nodular fasciitis, fibromatosis, angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract and lastly our paper on SMARCB1 deficient vulvar neoplasms. Most of these reports are based on the largest series collected and provide classification guidelines to predict the clinical behavior of these tumors. For example, the criteria that we came up with to distinguish different types of smooth muscle tumors in the vulva are now the accepted criteria. I have also contributed to the field in the area of mesenchymal tumors that arise primarily in the soft tissues. For instance, my work was the first to describe the so-called “lipomatous hemangiopericytoma” and the importance of "cellular intramuscular myxoma", a tumor that was, and still is frequently misdiagnosed as a sarcoma. It has now been accepted as a benign tumor and a variant of intramuscular myxoma and should be treated as a regular myxoma. My other major academic focus has been on bone tumors — an area in which I am probably one of only two handfuls of leading pathologists in North America. Some of my studies on bone pathology have defined entities and refined criteria on others, leading to improved management of such patients. For instance, I have written papers on vascular lesions of bone, such as epithelioid angiosarcoma of bone and epithelioid hemangioma of bone. Our study of the latter is by far the largest series and enabled us to show for the first time that these tumors, which have been treated as sarcomas, are indeed benign — thus greatly changing the management of patients with these bone tumors. I also oversaw the largest series of primary sclerosing fibrosarcoma of bone clarifying that this tumor had been frequently misdiagnosed as osteosarcoma; given these major differences, the findings in our paper have changed management of these lesions by focusing diagnosis properly. In recent years, I have developed a strong interest in chordomas, another tumor type for which MGH (with its proton beam facility) is a major referral center. Based on the many cases of chordomas that I have seen, I have authored a number of papers on these tumors, including clarifying their genetic basis. For example, we performed comparative genomic hybridization study showing that although familial chordomas might be associated with T-brachyury amplification that does 34 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen not seem to be the case for sporadic chordomas. Another example of using molecular genetic tools to improve the diagnosis of bone tumors was my study showing that IDH1/2 mutations can be used to differentiate between chondrosarcoma and chondroblastic osteosarcoma – something that can be very difficult on a small biopsy specimen but that has tremendous clinical implications since chondrosarcoma is treated surgically and chondroblastic osteosarcoma is treated with months of high dose chemotherapy. Finally, the combination of my expertise in bone pathology was the basis of my 2012 book on bone tumors, which has become one of the few books on bone pathology. I have also been interested in ultrastructural pathology and have headed the Electron Microscopy Unit in MGH Pathology since 1999, and my group has been a major contributor to the Ultrastructural Pathology section every year at the large US and Canadian Academy of Pathology (USCAP) meeting. One of our abstracts was on the three-dimensional reconstruction of the Birbeck granule, something that had not been done before, and was awarded an award in 2003. Our paper on the ultrastructural features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors is the largest one published and in another paper on the ultrastructural appearance of keratin positive Ewing’s sarcoma, we showed for the first time that these keratin positive tumors show epithelial differentiation ultrastructurally, which seems to be an adverse prognostic factor. In 2008, our group was awarded the pathologist in-training prize for our ultrastructural work. As a Bone and Soft Tissue pathologist I am dedicated to establishing a correct diagnosis, using current nomenclature as outlined in the World Health Organization publications. Several days a week the bone and soft tissue unit has consensus conferences where we discuss difficult cases, challenges within the unit, or recent publications. Additionally we regularly participate in two conferences a week with the clinicians. On Tuesdays we have a radiology conference where we go over interesting or difficult cases that have recently been biopsied or discuss new patients. On Thursdays we have a clinical conference with the sarcoma unit at Massachusetts General Hospital where we present the pathologic findings. The bone and soft tissue service does their own frozen sections, dealing both with small biopsies and large resection specimens for tumors or non-neoplastic diseases. These frozen sections are often challenging with continued surgical management (e.g. curettage or large resection) dependent on the frozen section diagnosis. Occasionally I am also asked to come to the orthopedic department to discuss a diagnosis with a patient. Signing out bone and soft tissue pathology is conducted at a multi-headed microscope. The sign-out group usually includes residents but in addition we not infrequently have medical students, fellows and visitors from other national or international institutions. In addition to signing out in-house cases we also sign out numerous difficult and unusual cases from outside institutions that are submitted in consultation. Residents that rotate on the bone and soft tissue service participate in the sign out by reviewing the cases and also are actively involved in the frozen section diagnosis of bone and soft tissue lesions. With respect to the role as a teacher, as a staff pathologist who signs out bone and soft tissue and electron microscopy cases and intra-operative frozen sections, I frequently interact with residents and fellows. A resident is assigned of a particular service each week and during that rotation I review microscopic slides the resident on a multi-headed microscope and formulate a diagnosis. This is after the resident reviews the slides the day before and formulates a diagnosis. I also give regular lectures and slide sessions (“out”) to the residents on bone and soft tissue pathology and electron microscopy. In 2000 I was awarded the Excellence in Teaching Award by the residents. In 2014 I received an award for best anatomic pathology conference teaching series and excellence in curriculum development award. 35 Gunnlaugur P. Nielsen Clinical contribution Most of my clinical contribution is in the form of sign-out cases on the surgical pathology service as previously described. The majority of the work is in bone and soft tissue pathology, frozen sections and electron microscopy. I also frequently see difficult cases from other services. Additionally I am the director of the photography/media lab. 36
