Midterm 2 Study Questions
1. Each pound of fat represents _______ kcals of stored energy.
a. 2000
b. 2500
c. 3000
d. 3500
e. 4000
2 Which of the following foods are rich sources of saturated fatty
acids?
a. cashew nuts
b. olive and canola oil
c. canola and corn oil
d. butter and lard
3. Eicosapentataenoic acid (EPA) and diocosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
are metabolic derivatives of:
a. trans fat
b. alph-linolenic acid
c. linoleic acid
d. cholesterol
4. Omega-3 fatty acid has its end-most double bond _______ carbons
from the end of its carbon chain.
a. one
b. three
c. five
d. six
5. Olestra is also called sucrose polyester. Although this at first
thought sounds like a pair of pants your grandfather might wear,
in actuality it describes a molecule which contains ______ and
__________.
a. sucrose, fatty acids
b. sucrose, amino acids
c. sucrose, carbohydrates
d. sucrose, vitamins
e. vitamins, minerals
6. Familial hypercholesterolemia is characterized by:
a. the absence of LDL-receptors
b. very high levels of HDL-cholesterol
c. a deficiency of the omega-3 fatty acids
d. internal hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fats
e. lack of pancreatic lipase enzyme
7. Diets high in trans-fatty acids are associated with:
a. decreased cancer risk
b. increased blood cholesterol levels
c. osteoporosis
d. decreased blood glucose levels
8. Which are recommended serum cholesterol (milligrams per deciliter) and blood
pressure (millimeters of mercury (HG)) levels according to the American Heart
Association?
a. under 200; under 160/105
b. under 240; under 140/90
c. over 200;
under 140/90
d. under 200; under 120/80
e. under 240; over 140/90
9. What dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by
the body?
a. the body's need for a protein
b. the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell
c. the number of essential amino acids available
d. the combination of proteins consumed in the diet
10. When amino acids are degraded for energy, their amino groups are
stripped off and used elsewhere or incorporated by the liver into:
a. bile
b. urea
c. glucose
d. feces
11. Negative nitrogen balance occurs in
a. people confined to bed rest
b. growing children
c. pregnant women
d. lactating women
12. The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete
protein is called:
a. the protein combining method
b. amino acid sequencing method
c. mutual supplementation
d. protein
13. Proteins can help to maintain acid-base balance by
a. releasing or binding hydrogen ion as needed.
b. producing additional carbohydrates as needed.
c. producing additional lipids as needed.
d. b and c
e. none of the above.
14. Whole grains contain ________ which bind zinc and make it unabsorbable.
a. oxalic acid
b. phytates
c. vitamin C
d. a and c
e. none of the above
15. Which is not a symptom of low blood pressure?
a. stroke
b. confusion
c. fainting spells
d. lethargy
16. Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of
electrolytes inside a cell is higher than in the extracellular
environment?
a. the cell will burst
b. the cell will shrink and dry up
c. the cell will undergo mitosis and divide
d. the cell will be unaffected
17. Which organ is primarily responsible for maintaining fluid balance?
a. small intestine
b. kidneys
c. liver
d. pancreas
18 Which of the following is true of prostaglandins?
a. they are made from non-essential fatty acids
b. they are made from essential amino acids
c. they are made from essential fatty acids
d. they act like carbohydrates
e. b and d
19 Fats are transported in the body by becoming associated with compounds
called_______.
a. phospholipids
b. sterols
c. lipoproteins
d. amino acids
e. enzymes
20 If amino acids are oversupplied:
a. the body stores them until they are needed
b. the body removes and excretes their amine groups
c. the body converts amino acid residues to glycogen or fat
d. a and b
e. b and c
21 If a person ate a diet consisting only of beans and peas, they might be deficient in
which essential amino acid?
a. methionine
b. alanine
c. lysine
d. arginine
e. none of the above
22 Proteins can help to maintain acid-base balance by
a. releasing or binding hydrogen ion as needed.
b. producing additional carbohydrates as needed.
c. producing additional lipids as needed.
d. b and c
e. none of the above.
2. Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of
electrolytes inside a cell is higher than in the extracellular
environment?
a. the cell will burst
b. the cell will shrink and dry up
c. the cell will undergo mitosis and divide
d. the cell will be unaffected
3. What is the primary reason we sweat?
a. to maintain blood volume
b. to maintain sodium balance
c. to excrete wasted products
d. to regulate body temperature
4. The "command center" of fluid intake is located in the:
a. kidneys
b. adrenal glands
c. skin
d. hypothalamus
7. Diets rich in______are associated with maintaining healthy blood
pressure levels.
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. potassium
d. phosphorus
11. Which of the following has been shown to improve elevated blood
pressure levels?
a. losing weight
b. decreasing physical activity
c. drinking 3 glasses of wine per day
d. limiting whole grains from the diet
14. Extreme dehydration, vomiting and diarrhea can result in
hypokalemia
a. true
b. false
16. If Alfredo lost 5 pounds of weight during football practice, how many
cups of water would he need to consume, to replace the water lost?
a. 5
b. 2 1/2
c. 15
d. 10
e. 20