ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
United Nations Development Programme
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND
DEVELOPMENT (PIMS 565)
Project Description
This project aims to facilitate the ecologically-sustainable development of
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands by mainstreaming conservation of
biodiversity into governance systems and key productive sectors. The
project will enhance local capacities to conserve and sustainably utilise
globally-significant biodiversity resources, particularly in the three key
economic sectors of agriculture, tourism and fisheries.
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Table of Content
SECTION I : ELABORATION OF THE NARRATIVE
PART I. SITUATION ANALYSIS
Context and Global Significance
Threats, Root Causes and Barrier Analysis
Institutional, Sectoral and Policy Context
Stakeholder Analysis
Baseline Analysis
PART II. STRATEGY
Project Rationale and Policy Conformity
Project Goal, Objective, Outcomes and Outputs/Activities
Project Indicators, Risks and Assumptions
Expected Global, National and Local Benefits
Country Ownership: Country Eligibility and Country Drivenness
Sustainability
Replicability
PART III. MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS
PART IV. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
PART V. LEGAL CONTEXT
SECTION II : STRATEGIC RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND GEF INCREMENT
PART I: INCREMENTAL COST ANALYSIS
PART II: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS
4
4
4
6
11
13
16
17
17
19
26
27
27
29
29
30
32
45
46
46
53
SECTION III : TOTAL BUDGET AND WORKPLAN
76
SECTION IV: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
79
PART I: LETTER OF ENDORSEMENT FROM MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
813
PART II: Terms of References for Key Project Staff and Main sub-contracts
76
PART III : STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT PLAN
86
PART IV: OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
88
IV-A: Detailed Map of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
88
IV-B: Global Significance Of The Terrestrial Ecology Of The Andamans – An Overview
90
IV-C: Interim Judgments of Supreme Court Ruling of May 2002
94
IV-D: REPORTS PRODUCED DURING PDF-B PHASE
97
IV-E: RESPONSE TO GEF COUNCIL COMMENTS
99
IV-F: L-PAC MINUTES
106
IV-G: Tracking Tool for GEF Biodiversity Focal Area Strategic Priority Two: Mainstreaming Biodiversity
in Production Landscapes and Sectors
109
IV-H:RESPONSE TO GEF SECRETARIAT CONCEPT AGREEMENT REVIEW OF AUGUST 2006
119
IV-I RESPONSE TO GEF SECRETARIAT CONCEPT AGREEMENT REVIEW OF AUGUST 2006 114
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ACRONYMS
A&N
Andaman and Nicobar
A&N SCB A&N State Coop. Bank
ANCOFED Andaman & Nicobar Co-operative Supply & Marketing Federation
Ltd.
ANIDCO
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation
Ltd.
APR
Annual Project Review
AWP
Annual Work Plan
CARI
Central Agriculture Research Institution
CO
Country Office
ENVIS
Environmental Information System
GEF
Global Environment Facility
GIS
Geographical Information Systems
HVADA
High Value Agriculture Development Agency
HQ
Head Quarters
IDA
Island Development Authority
IP&T
Information, Publicity & Tourism
IR
Inception Report
M&E
Monitoring & Evaluation
MOEF
Ministry of Environment & Forests
MYFF
Multi Year Funding Framework
NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
NGOs
Non-government Organizations
OP
Operational Programme
PCB
Pollution Control Board
PDF
Project Development Facility
PIR
Project Implementation Review
PMU
Project management Unit
POP
Persistent Organic Pollutants
PRC
Project Review Committee
PSC
Project Steering Committee
PTC
Project Technical Committee
RCU
Regional Coordination Unit
SP
Strategic Priority
TPR
Tripartite Review
TTR
Terminal Tripartite Review
UNDAF
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
UNDP
United Nations Development Programme
UN
United Nations
UT
Union Territory
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SECTION I: ELABORATION OF THE NARRATIVE
PART I. SITUATION ANALYSIS
Context and Global Significance
1.
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are an archipelago in the Bay of Bengal,
consisting of 306 named islands and 206 rocks and rocky outcrops with
outstanding natural beauty and ecological diversity. The Andaman and
Nicobar (A&N) Islands are situated approximately 1,200km from the Indian
mainland, between 6° 45’ N to 13° 41’ N longitude, and 92° 12’ E and 93° 57’ E
latitude. They are located to the south of Myanmar and north of Sumatra,
Indonesia, as shown in map 1 below.
Map 1: Location of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2.
Geologically the A&N Islands are submerged southwards extensions of the
Arakan Yoma mountain range of Myanmar. The islands have a total land area
of 8,249 km2, of which the northern Andaman group is 6,408 km2 and the
southern Nicobars are 1,841 km2. The two island groups are separated by the
160km-wide 10 Degree Channel, and are geologically and ecologically quite
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distinct. The Andamans have bio-geographic affinities with Myanmar while
the Nicobars are more closely related to Indonesia.
3.
The entire Nicobar Islands are a Tribal Reserve with significant areas under
protection in the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve (885km2) and two National
Parks.1 Access to the Nicobar Islands is restricted, and therefore the level of
economic activity is relatively low compared with the more densely-populated
Andaman Islands. The focus of activity in this project will be on the Andaman
Islands. ,
4.
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are home to highly-diverse terrestrial and
marine ecosystems, with a variety of habitats ranging from densely-forested
mountain areas to sandy beaches and some of the most intact coral reefs in the
Indian Ocean. The mangroves fringing these islands are the largest and most
intact in India, and the Andaman
Island Forests are included in the
WWF Global 200 List of global
priority
biodiversity
hotspots.
Mangroves occupy an area of 644
sq.km in Andaman Islands and 27 sq.
km
in
Nicobar
Island2.
The
mangroves of the Islands are one of
the richest mangrove areas in the
world in terms of quality of
vegetation and biodiversity.
5.
Although the
coral reefs of the
Andamans are far better known, the
tropical moist broadleaf forests of the
Andaman Islands are also globallysignificant
and
worthy
of
conservation. The Andaman island
forests contain a mix of elements from
the Indian subcontinent and SouthEast Asia, and are recognised as a
distinct ecoregion in the WWF global
list (ref: IM0101), with high endemism
and distinctiveness.
The WWF
ecoregion profile3 lists a total of
thirty-seven endemic or near-endemic
terrestrial fauna species in the Islands.
Annex IV – A provides a detailed map of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Forest Survey of India, 2003.
3
http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/im/im0101_full.html
1
2
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Other sources list eighty-five flora species as rare, endangered and
threatened.4
6.
More than 6,500 species of fauna (including 2210 terrestrial and 4250 marine)
have been reported from the archipelago so far. A high proportion of these
species are endemic, including over 50% of butterflies, almost 40% of birds
and 60% of the 58 mammalian species. There are also 34 endemic reptiles and
amphibians in the Islands. The overall rate of faunal endemicity is estimated
to be 9%. About 14% of angiosperm species are endemic to the islands,
comprising around 700 genera within 140 families.5
7.
As a small, isolated archipelagic ecosystem, the A&N Islands are susceptible to
degradation from human impacts. The topography of the islands is long and
narrow, with ridge to reef distances of barely 30-40 kilometers in most areas.
Therefore species’ ranges are highly restricted and the impact of habitat loss
can be severe. A significant part of the land area of the Andaman Islands is
under various categories of protection. The largest intact forest areas are in
the tribal reserves, which cover 36% of the total land area. The Tribal Reserves
and key protected areas of the Andaman Islands are shown in the above map.
Threats, Root Causes and Barrier Analysis
A.
Threats to the Terrestrial, Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Andaman
and Nicobar Islands
Agricultural encroachment:
8.
The encroachment problem is generally attributed to:
9.

in-migration from mainland India beyond the carrying capacity of
the Islands;

sub-optimal agricultural practices; fragmented landholding due to
increasing family-size and low productivity from existing
agricultural lands resulting in demand for new lands to raise
incomes.
The Supreme Court order of 2002 directed that all
encroachments be removed and further encroachment curtailed.
Exotic species:
4
An overview of the global significance of the Andamans terrestrial ecosystem is attached as Annex IV-B
A comprehensive biodiversity overview is given in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union Territory –
Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, Chapters 3&4.
5
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10.
The threat by exotic species to the Andamans ecosystem has been highlighted
by examples such as:

Browsing by introduced chital Axis axis, elephants Elephas maximus
and feral and domesticated cattle and goats.

Crowding-out of endemic species by species such as rats, mynahs,
palm squirrels Funambulus spp. and the weed Eupatorium.
11.
Some of the species have become naturalised over time and if invasion by
exotics is not arrested, it may cause further damage to the ecosystem.
12.
These problems are perceived to occur due to lack of awareness among
farmers resulting in introduction of new or improved crops and animals
without proper impact assessments; and inadequate facilities for quarantine
and inspection.
Over-harvesting of selected marine species:
13.
Sea area to the extent of 600,000 sq kms is available for harvesting marine
fishery resources around the Islands. Certain marine species have been
heavily harvested over the years e.g., reef fish such as grouper (Epinephelus
spp.), ornamental shells (trochus and turbo spp.), sharks (for their fins) and sea
cucumbers (mainly Holothuria spp.).
14.
Over-harvesting occurs for a number of reasons, including:

Species stocks and carrying capacities have not been adequately
assessed. Due to this the need to undertake sustainable fishing is not
sufficiently recognised.

Existing policies and development plans for fisheries are defined on
total catch levels rather than targets for specific species.

Catch landings are always not closely monitored, thus available
data on harvesting of marine resources can often understates catch
levels.

Monitoring of remote coastal and reef areas is insufficient..
Destructive fishing methods and equipment:
15.
Inappropriate fishing practices and equipment can cause significant damage to
coral areas and important sea-grass beds. The use of inappropriate equipment
can also kill endangered species such as dugongs Dugong dugon and sea
turtles, who become entangled in fishing nets. These problems occur because
sustainable fishing techniques often require more-expensive equipment or
result in somewhat lower catches per unit of effort. As a result, fishermen
have little economic incentive to invest in them.
Damage by Tourists:
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16.
17.
Tourism is a valuable source of income and livelihoods, and helps to enhance
appreciation for the natural beauty of the Andamans. However, some tourist
activities may cause some damages including:

Physical damage by tourists such as stepping on corals, taking
corals or other species as souvenirs and dumping of garbage such as
plastics and food debris.

Damage by backpackers including camping on turtle-nesting
beaches.
The identified causes of these problems include:

Lack of appreciation among tourists about the fragility of reef
ecosystems and the impact of seemingly-minor damage such as
souvenir-collection.

Inadequate training of tourist operators and park staff in
minimising ecological impact of tourist activities.

Inadequate arrangements for assessing tourist impact in Marine
Parks and other important coastal areas.
Unplanned construction of tourist infrastructure:
18.
Tourism development has seen small-scale entrepreneurs and local residents
constructing basic accommodation facilities without adequate attention to
ecological consideration.
19.
Public infrastructure can cause beach erosion.
20.
Lack of adequate awareness or capacity
environmental impact of infrastructure plans.
to
address the potential
Agrochemical pollution:
21.
Agrochemicals (fertilisers and particularly pesticides) are sometimes used at
high levels, particularly in rice and vegetable cultivation in Havelock and Neil
Islands and around Diglipur in North Andamans. This increases the level of
persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the island’s ecosystem and is a
particular threat to mangroves, coral reefs and sea-grass bed in the vicinity of
the agricultural areas.
22.
Agrochemical overuse occurs for several reasons, including:

Selection of crops unsuitable for local agro-climatic conditions.

Lack of training and information on efficient agrochemical use.
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
Subsidisation of agrochemical inputs, resulting in the marginal cost
of application being very low.
Soil erosion:
23.
Soil erosion results from the clearing of ground cover on hill-slopes and
mountainsides. Heavy rainfall causes the rich topsoil to be washed off into
streams and rivers, and eventually into the sea. The sedimentation and
turbidity that results chokes coral growth and damages other coastal
ecosystems.
24.
Farmers, many of whom originate from lowland regions of the mainland, do
not have experience or training on land management in hilly areas (such as
selective clearing, land terracing or ground-cover crops and grasses), and
therefore clear fragile hill-slopes in inefficient and environmentally damaging
ways.
Over-harvesting of mangrove wood:
25.
Andaman mangroves are highly diverse and home to a vast range of
important flora and fauna. They also serve as spawning grounds for a variety
of species including and shrimps and reef fish.
26.
Uncontrolled harvesting of mangrove wood in the past for use in local
construction and agricultural activities has caused significant damage in
certain areas. It was only in 1989 that the mangroves in A&N Islands have
been afforded protection by imposing a ban on mangrove extraction and by
adopting eco-restoration and conservation strategies. Nevertheless, creating
awareness and keeping vigil on possible destruction of mangroves throughout
the vast coast line is a continuous challenge.
Mining of beach sand:
27.
As the Andaman Islands have very limited riverine systems, with the bulk of
beach sand is created by wave erosion along the coast, the beaches are very
slow to regenerate. Therefore use of sand for construction activities can cause
significant damage.
B
Underlying barriers to sustainability
28.
The problems and environmental threats described above stem from a range
of underlying causes which represent barriers to sustainable development in
the Islands. These barriers have been grouped under three categories:

Governance and capacity

Awareness and attitudes

Livelihoods and income generation challenges
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Governance and capacity barriers:
29.
The line agencies responsible for the productive sectors under this project
(Departments of Agriculture, Fisheries and Tourism) need further capacity
strengthening to mainstream ecological considerations in their sector activities,
including orientation and training of decision makers and technical managers.
For instance, the Administration’s has given priority to develop high-value
and organic agriculture as major economic sectors. However, implementation
mechanisms for this transition need to be put in place.
30.
31.
The Government provides significant subsidies in key areas such as
transportation, fuel, agricultural inputs and utilities that increase the pressure
on the natural resource base, in two important ways:

Economic incentives encourage in-migration from mainland India, by
offering migrants from poorer regions of the mainland the prospect of
easier livelihoods.

These subsidies often inhibit sustainability. For instance, subsidies on
agricultural inputs such as agrochemicals encourage overuse in some
areas.
Policy-setting is not always adequately accompanied
implementation and adoption by stakeholders in the field.
by
effective
Awareness and attitude barriers:
a. For migrants improving their livelihoods is the primary goal and there is
insufficient awareness of the environmental impact of their activities.
Environmental awareness-raising initiatives have been undertaken by
government and NGOs but these have been on a small scale.
b. Inbound tourists inadvertently cause damage to sensitive ecological resources
such as corals and turtle nesting sites, due to a lack of understanding of the
sensitivity of these ecosystems.
Tourists and tour operators are not
adequately aware about ways to ensure minimal environmental impact of
tourism activities.
c. There is a prevailing perception that fish stocks are unlimited and therefore
fishing communities are not aware of the long-term availability of stock.
Livelihoods and income generation barriers:
a. There are no significant barriers to in-migration.
b. There is a high level of unemployment in the Islands, particularly amongst
educated youth. The total number of unemployed youth is estimated to be
between 20,000 and 40,000, comprising five to ten percent of the total island
population. In the absence of alternative livelihood options, the pressure on
the Islands’ natural resources continues to increase.
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c. Current employment and income-generation programmes are mainly based
on conventional agriculture, construction, Government jobs and other service
sectors.
d. Existing agriculture is primarily dependent on crops such as rice, coconuts,
arecanuts and bananas. There is limited scope to increase the production from
existing lands due to inadequate irrigation potential. This limitation creates
pressure to ‘open up’ new agriculture land by clearing forests.
e. Existing tourism-sector activities are largely limited to small hotels or beach
resorts and backpacker accommodation, which provide limited income
generation potential per visitor arrival. The Administration now plans for
rapid development of the tourism sector through the creation of multiple
high-end resorts. However, the local labour force lacks the skills necessary to
fill skilled, professional or managerial positions.
f. In the fisheries sector, the focus is on deep-sea tuna fisheries using commercial
trawlers. While the ecological impact on the land and coasts of Islands will be
minimal, deep-sea fisheries will only generate a small number of jobs, thus not
serving to reduce the employment and income-generation pressure on the
Islands.
Institutional, Sectoral and Policy Context
Governance context
32.
The A&N Islands are a Union Territory (UT) of India under the direct
jurisdiction of the Central Government. The Territory is governed by a
Lieutenant-Governor. The Territorial Administration is the largest direct and
indirect employer and providing extensive public services.
33.
Subsidies, where required, are provided for transportation, intra-island
shipping, basic utilities and fuel costs, agricultural inputs and a variety of
other basic necessities. Infrastructure provision and other developmental
expenditures are also strongly supported.
Socio-economic context
34.
The Islands are home to indigenous tribal communities whose presence dates
back more than 20,000 years. Some tribal groups such as the Jarawa and
Sentinelese live largely separate from mainstream society. Other tribal
communities such as the Great Andamanese and Onge have greater
interaction with the mainstream. All remaining tribal communities now live
within designated Tribal Reserves.
35.
Due to the highly vulnerable nature of these small, isolated tribal
communities, the Government of India has maintained a policy of strict
separation between tribal groups (and their lands) and the mainstream island
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communities. The tribal communities are provided with extensive welfare
services and developmental assistance.
36.
The earliest non-indigenous settlement in the Islands was a penal colony
established by the British colonial government to house Indian convicts and
independence activists. Post-independence in 1947, the Islands witnessed an
influx of settlers from the mainland, including refugees from the erstwhile
East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Settlements were created for them on South,
Middle and North Andaman, particularly in the vicinity of Diglipur. Other
early settler groups included repatriates from Sri Lanka in the 1960s, and
former Armed Forces servicemen and their families who were given small
plots of land on Great Nicobar Island.
37.
Over the last three decades the Islands have witnessed a spurt of in-migration,
partly due to Government incentives to populate and develop the Islands.
Settlers have mainly come from agricultural areas of the mainland, and have
attempted to bring over traditional crops and agricultural practices (e.g. rice
farming) which are not wholly suited to the ecological context of the Islands.
38.
The early economic development of the Islands was built on the extraction of
primary resources such as timber and non-timber forest produce. Logging
continued to be a major source of revenue and employment until 2002 when
the Supreme Court placed a total ban on commercial logging and temporary
total ban on harvesting of forest till the revision of working plans. At present,
the working plans of few forest divisions have been revised and forests are
being managed as per their prescriptions and only to meet the local demand.
39.
In addition, agriculture, consisting mainly of rice, coconuts, areca nut and
bananas and some rubber and oil palm plantations have also been developed.
Approximately 50,000ha is currently under cultivation, of which more than
half is planted with coconut and areca nut.
The Sustainable Development Challenge
40.
In May 2002, the Supreme Court of India directed that commercial logging in
the Islands should cease and licenses of saw mills and all wood-based
industries are to be revoked as of 31st March 2003. These orders were passed
to preserve the unique ecology of the islands. This Supreme Court order6 now
forms the broad policy framework within which sustainable development is
being planned in the Islands.
41.
The abrupt cessation of commercial logging activity and closure of woodbased industries has led the Administration to identify new sources of jobs
and economic development. The Island Development Authority (IDA), which
is the Central Government body responsible for developmental planning for
6
The text of the Supreme Court order is provided in Annex IV-C
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the Islands, has identified specific economic sectors as drivers of future
development:
 Eco-tourism
 High-value agriculture
 Sustainable fisheries
42.
Recent studies and reports reiterate the importance of sustainable
development for the Islands as well of the three productive sectors:
(i) “Action Plan for Development of post-tsunami New Andaman’s” by the
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (2005)
(ii) The State Development Report commissioned by Planning Commission
which is being finalized.
(iii) A master plan for the eco-friendly development of fisheries called
ANDFISH ((2005) prepared by the Indian Council for Agricultural
Research.
(iv) The state of environment report for the A&N Archipelago prepared by
A&N Islands Environment Team and the A&N Department of
Environment and Forests is being finalised.
43.
The Tsunami in December 2004 resulted in loss of lives in the A&N Islands
and extensive damage to infrastructure, houses and livelihoods. The damage
to the environmental resources is being studied.
Stakeholder Analysis
44.
Many of the stakeholders consulted in the development and design of this
project during the PDF-B will play an active role in its implementation
through various mechanisms as detailed in the Stakeholder Involvement Plan
in Section IV.
45.
The table below summarizes the key as well as potential stakeholders at
different levels.
While some will be involved in project oversight,
management and implementation throughout the project cycle, others will be
part of specific activities from time to time. The list and roles given below are
indicative and will be further refined and adapted as necessary, initially
during the inception phase and periodically thereafter as and when necessary.
Key Stakeholder
Broad and potential role in the project
National-level
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MOEF
o Review project implementation through the GEF
Empowered Committee at MOEF.
o Facilitate the embodiment of environmental dimension
in the project interventions.
State/Union Territory-level
A&N Administration
Implementing
Agencies:
HVADA; Departments
of Fisheries,
Information, Publicity
and Tourism and
Agriculture and
Environment and
Forests; Office of
Deputy Commissioners.
o Provide leadership and oversight for project
implementation.
o Facilitate setting-up of project management and
monitoring systems.
o Ensure that project implementation is consistent with
national and Territorial development policies and with
the agreed project design.
o Participate in /chair relevant project management
committees.
o Facilitate interface with national ministries and agencies
as and when required by the project.
o Responsible for designing, implementing and
monitoring the specific project activities.
o Report progress on project activities.
o Participate in relevant project management committees.
o Develop/revise appropriate guidelines, circulars and
policy directives within their departments/sectors.
o Expand partnerships with civil society, public
representatives, community-based organizations and
private sector.
o Establish documentation, learning and knowledge
sharing systems.
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Technical Agencies:
ANIDCO; CARI;
Central Plant Protection
& Quarantine;
ANCOFED; Coir, Spice
and Coconut Boards;
Fishery Survey of India;
Fisheries Federation;
A&N Fisheries Ltd;
Andaman Tourism
Guild; A&N Toursim
Association; Tourist
Boat Operators
Association; Andaman
Boat Operators
Association; Hotel &
Restaurant Association
of A&N Islands;
NABARD, A&N SCB,
lead banks; PCB.
Site-level partners:
Local communities,
community-based
organisations,
Panchayati Raj
Institutions, Tribal
Council, A&N Chamber
of Commerce &
Industry; private tourist
and fisheries operators.
o Provide technical support in specialized areas of the
project.
o Participate in relevant consultative fora, issue-based
meetings and experience sharing workshops.
o Facilitate relevant linkages for project agencies and
community-groups directly benefiting from project
interventions.
o Provide information relevant to project stakeholders.
o Participate in design and implementation of locationspecific project activities.
o Participate in capacity building initiatives, awareness
generation, project-related consultations and experiencesharing workshops.
o Participate in peer review of project activities as and
when required.
o Share project learning’s with respective formal and
informal networks.
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Credible NGOs with
required expertise and
experience:
o Participate in design and implementation of public
awareness and education component of the project as
requested by project authorities and in collaboration
with the Information, Publicity and Tourism
Department.
o Assist in the monitoring of project impacts, particularly
in assessing the progress of local-level livelihood
demonstrations.
o Provide technical support in specialized areas of the
project as requested by the project authorities.
o Participate in relevant consultative fora, issue-based
meetings and experience sharing workshops to
contribute knowledge and learn from project experience.
o Share project learning’s with formal and informal
networks.
Baseline Analysis
Baseline
46.
Governance structures and systems in the Andamans prioritise growth in
primary economic sectors for job creation.
While, environmental
sustainability is becoming a major priority in decision-making, there is scope
for strengthening capacities to identify and address environmental
sustainability issues in development planning. The above condition is
reiterated in the three specific economic sectors identified by the Island
Development Authority as drivers of future development.
47.
However, at both the national and A&N Administration levels and especially
post-tsunami, there is an increasing concern about the environmental impact
of development activities. Recent reports and plans such as those discussed in
para 46 above clearly indicate that environmental concerns are regarded as
important in designing projects especially those that have a direct bearing on
the way environmental resources are utilized. The A&N Administration is
insisting on greater transparency at all levels in reporting the impact of
developmental activities on environmental resources. There is also an
increasing awareness and willingness among local communities and private
sector to proactively reduce damage to environmental resources.
Global Environmental Objective
48.
The project will support the efforts of the A&N Administration to ensure that
(a) the sustainability of globally-significant ecosystem resources is accorded a
high priority in governance structures, systems and decision-making (b) the
need to conserve the ecological resources is understood by local communities
and widely supported as an integral part of the developmental vision for the
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Islands (c) a ‘win-win’ relationship between ecological sustainability and
sustainable livelihoods is demonstrated in the three priority sectors.
Alternative
49.
The overall objective of the project is to mainstream environmental
sustainability into the governance systems and key productive sectors of the
Islands. To accomplish this, the project proposes to complement the existing
baseline situation with a GEF co-financed project alternative. The alternative
will seek to support the efforts of the A&N Administration in removing the
barriers to mainstreaming of conservation and sustainable use in three specific
areas: governance and capacity; awareness and attitudes; and livelihoods and
income generation. The broad strategies and potential activities are outlined
in paras 63-74.
Systems Boundary
50.
Baseline and incremental costs have been assessed temporally, over the
planned 8-year time frame of the GEF intervention, and geographically over
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (8,249sq.km of land area and an associated
marine zone of approximately 12,000sq.km.). The scope of the project covers
supporting analysis, assessments and interventions for removing the barriers
to sustainability identified during project formulation and for mainstreaming
sustainability in governance and key productive sectors.
Summary of Cost
51.
The total cost of the project including Co-funding and GEF funds is US$
9,387,200. Of this total, co-funding constitutes 64% or US$ 5,998,600. GEF
financing constitutes the remaining 36 % of the total, or US$ 3,388,600. The
incremental cost matrix provides a summary breakdown of baseline values
and Co-financing and GEF financing by project Outcome.
PART II. STRATEGY
Project Rationale and Policy Conformity
Rationale
52.
As mentioned earlier, the A&N Islands are ecologically fragile and highly
susceptible to degradation from human impacts. Although a significant part
of the land area of the Andaman Islands is under various categories of
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protection, the various threats to the terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems
of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands have been outlined earlier7.
53.
54.
In recent years, environmental concerns in the A&N Islands have emerged as a
priority area for the government, both at the national level as well as with the
A&N Administration, particularly after the December 2004 tsunami.
Fortunately, the project does not require major redesigning post tsunami to
address these concerns as the priority sectors and broad strategies envisaged
in the original project design remain relevant (see Paragraph 46). Thus, action
is required at various levels, the important ones being:

Mainstreaming environmental sustainability into the governance
systems as it brings environmental issues within the ambit of
development planning and decision making.

Design and demonstration of specific environmentally-sustainable
strategies and interventions for the key productive sectors identified
for the Islands: agriculture, tourism and fisheries.

Awareness and attitudinal change that leads to better understanding
and greater appreciation of the globally significant ecological resources
which can in turn significantly to mainstreaming environmental
dimensions at local-level actions.
This project seeks to support the government’s efforts in areas of action
described above.
Policy Conformity: GEF Operational Strategy, Focal Area, Operational Programme
and Strategic Priority
55.
The proposed project has been designed in conformity with GEF Biodiversity
Strategic Priority 2.
It addresses the mainstreaming of biodiversity
conservation in key productive sectors of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(both terrestrial and marine) and will work to support government efforts in
creating a policy and institutional enabling environment for biodiversity
conservation in Islands.
56.
The proposed project also addresses GEF Operational Programmes 2: (Coastal,
Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems) and 3: (Forest Ecosystems). The project
addresses OP2 by promoting the conservation and sustainable use of the
globally-significant coastal and reef biodiversity resources of the Andaman
and Nicobar Islands.
57.
The project addresses OP3 through the conservation and sustainable use of the
globally-significant terrestrial ecosystems of the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands. The terrestrial ecosystems of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are of
high global significance, as described in Part I above.
The project will
7
Refer Annex IV-D for list of reposts prepared during the GEF supported PDF B phase
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strengthen capacities for conservation of these important forests through
improved planning, monitoring and enforcement capacities and support
development of ecologically-sustainable ecotourism and agricultural activities.
58.
The proposed project was submitted for pipeline entry in 1995 within the
Biodiversity/ International Waters multi-focal area under the title
“Management of the Coral Reef Ecosystem of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands”. At
the point where the PDF-B proposal was developed, the limited available
information on threats to ecological sustainability in the Andamans pointed
towards an intervention focused on marine protection and potential
transboundary conservation issues. (The latter due to the Islands’ proximity
to Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia)
However a careful
assessment of threats and root causes during the formulation process
indicated that the primary conservation challenges were rooted in governance,
capacity and awareness issues and unsustainable livelihood practices, both on
land as well as in the sea.
59.
When the initial PDF-B proposal was submitted to GEF in 1995, the scope and
nature of GEF interventions were significantly different – and narrower- than
at present. The reformulation that became necessary in mid-2003 presented
an opportunity to design a proposal which was more closely aligned with
current GEF requirements, particularly the Strategic Priorities. The SP and OP
fit detailed in the proposal therefore reflects the most appropriate approach to
address the problems on the ground rather than being in strict conformity
with the program designation envisioned in the PDF-B proposal developed
almost a decade ago.
Project Goal, Objective, Outcomes and Outputs/Activities
60.
The objective of the proposed project is to mainstream environmental
sustainability into the governance systems and key productive sectors of the
Islands. This objective will support the goal of conserving the Islands’
globally-significant biodiversity resources through sustainable use. The
project aims to achieve this objective via four intended outcomes:

Establishing a governance context that recognises, facilitates and
promotes sustainable development

Ensuring that environmental sustainability receives widespread
support from the Island community through enhanced public
awareness and improved attitudes.

Facilitating environmentally-sustainable income generation and job
creation in key productive sectors.
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
Effective project monitoring and evaluation, lessons learning and
adaptive management.
Outcome 1: A Governance Context that recognises, facilitates and promotes
sustainable development
61.
The project will work with key partners in the Territorial Administration,
technical and scientific specialists and the private- and non-government
sectors to ensure that governance systems, institutions, policies and capacities
are oriented towards environmentally-sustainable development. The project
will identify barriers, gaps and inefficiencies which inhibit sustainable
development and will facilitate development and implementation of
appropriate solutions.
62.
The A&N Department of Environment & Forests will support the three sector
departments in reviewing policy frameworks and in developing/refining
guidelines, standards and regulations with a view to strengthen the
environmental dimension.
63.
Specific initiatives that will be accomplished to achieve this outcome include:
o A comprehensive review of existing policies, legislation and procedures
in the Territorial Administration, to identify critical barriers to
environmental sustainability. These will build upon global best practice
in the sustainable use of biodiversity, including the principles,
guidelines and implementation tools provided in the Addis Ababa
Principles and Guidelines for the Sustainable Use of Biodiversity.8
o A comprehensive review of land-use planning and zonation system to
enable sectoral production and livelihood activities in a manner to
ensure the protection of environmentally-sensitive areas such as
watersheds, protected forests, tribal areas and critical wildlife habitats.
o Study on changes in environmental resources post-tsunami after taking
into account existing research and identification of gaps.
o Review of existing fiscal incentives and subsidy systems in all three
productive sectors to support efforts for removal of any economic
distortions that encourage unsustainable resource use.
o Reviews of governance capacities at the systemic, institutional and
individual levels to support formulation and implementation of a
comprehensive organisational strengthening and capacity development
strategy
8
Annex II of decision VII/12 of the 7th Conference of Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity,
available at: http://www.biodiv.org/decisions/default.aspx?m=COP=07&id=7749&lg=0
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o Study of various judicial orders passed by the government with regard
to conservation of environment and forests with a view to understand
the implications for the different interventions and implementation
arrangements proposed under the project and ensure that they are
consistent with the judgments.
o Development of targeted sectoral capacity development strategies for
key economic sectors such as tourism, high-value agriculture and
fisheries, to remove capacity barriers to environmentally sustainable
development.
o Facilitating and supporting targeted and adequate-duration training
programmes – national/international - for staff in the three productive
sectors: agriculture, fisheries and forestry and relevant agencies as
Botanical Survey of India, Zoological Survey of India.
o Strengthening of management, monitoring and enforcement capacities
to ensure that resource managers have sufficient capacities to manage
and protect important environmental resources.
Outcome 2: Ensuring that environmental sustainability receives widespread
support from the Island community through enhanced public awareness and
improved attitudes.
64.
The proposed project will develop and implement a comprehensive, multiyear public awareness programme to ensure that stakeholders are aware of
and support the goal of sustainable development for the Islands. The public
awareness programme will be implemented by a consortium of credible NGOs
with required expertise and experience, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Tribal
Council and other local community partners, working in collaboration with
the Administration’s Information, Publicity and Tourism (IPT) Department.
The awareness programme will access available information through the
ENVIS node and existing GIS workstation already installed in the A&N
Department of Environment & Forests. It will also support compilation,
analysis and gap-bridging and assist in augmenting the existing facilities.
65.
Specific initiatives to achieve this outcome include:
o Develop and demonstrate general public awareness activities such as
nature camps, nature walks and environmental workshops for all age
groups.
o Design and publish a weekly full-page environmental awareness
column in a Government-published Island newspaper, which provides
information on local, national and international environmental issues as
well as quizzes, competitions and other interactive forums.
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o Establish and train a network of environmental education activators
and educators, focusing on teachers, youth and women’s groups.
o Develop awareness materials such as video presentations, posters and
booklets, to provide easily-accessible information on the environment
and ecology of the Islands, for the local population.
o Develop and demonstrate a programme of awareness-raising activities
using approaches such as street theatre and puppetry, to reach out to
less-literate local communities and younger children.
o Organise seminars and discussions on environmental themes for
Administration officials, private-sector leaders and other senior-level
stakeholders and technical specialists, to discuss and assess specific
environmental issues and threats and to build consensus for
environmentally-sustainable development.
o Produce and distribute targeted and informational videos and
associated pamphlets for in-bound tourists on ships and aircraft, to
raise awareness of the sensitive and valuable ecology of the Islands and
to educate tourists on the rules and regulations governing
environmentally-friendly tourism. Work with transportation operators
to ensure the continued production and dissemination of this
information as an integral part of all transportation services to the
Islands.
Work with the IPT Department to mainstream successful public
awareness initiatives into its own Departmental programmes as well as
of the other departments.
Outcome 3: Environmentally-sustainable income generation and job-creation in
key productive sectors.
66.
The Territorial Administration and Central Government have identified three
specific sectors for future development - high-value agriculture, eco-tourism
and fisheries.
67.
The project intends to mainstream biodiversity conservation into the
developmental plans and programmes of these sectors and will seek to
achieve three sub-outcomes within the context of sustainable livelihoods:



A sustainable high-value agriculture sector
A vibrant, broad-based eco-tourism industry
A sustainable fisheries sector utilising coastal and reef fisheries
resources
Sustainable, high-value Agriculture
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68.
The development of an ecologically-sustainable high-value agricultural sector
will require:
o A feasibility study to identify crop types which are suitable for
development, on the basis of ecological compatibility, production cost
and market competitiveness, projected returns and job-creation
potential. The study will focus on identifying indigenous species for
development wherever possible. In instances where exotic species are
proposed, the study will specifically assess the potential ecological
impact of introducing such species into the local ecosystem.
o To discourage expansion of area under agriculture given island’s
ecological context, an action plan to promote intensive irrigation
through micro irrigation technologies such as drip and sprinkler
systems and rain water harvesting.
o A supply chain review to identify and overcome input inefficiencies
(raw materials and agricultural inputs, transport and logistics,
processing, clearance, documentation and quality assurance) and to
identify potential opportunities to increase local value-addition
through upstream processing, packaging and marketing. It is envisaged
that the crop feasibility study and supply chain review will be
undertaken in collaboration with the Central Agriculture Research
Institution (CARI) in Port Blair.
o Establishment of agricultural sector producers’ and traders’
associations, under the auspices of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Chamber of Commerce, to facilitate intra-industry and industryAdministration cooperation in instituting norms and guidelines for
sustainable production.
o An entrepreneur training programme to catalyze the development of
locally-owned small- and medium-sized high-value agricultural
enterprises and cooperatives.
This programme will place specific
emphasis on the development of agricultural enterprises by women’s
self-help groups (SHGs) and individual female entrepreneurs.
o Microfinance and small-business finance programmes to provide startup and expansion capital for local enterprises and cooperatives in the
high-value agriculture sector. These programmes will be built upon
and incorporated into the on-going microfinance and small-business
finance programmes of ANIIDCO, State Cooperative Bank, lead banks
and NGOs. Priority will be accorded to cooperatives and enterprises
established by women’s groups.
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Eco-Tourism
69.
To help develop a sustainable eco-tourism industry in the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands, the project will support:
o Support the A&N Administration in reviewing existing eco-tourism
master-plans and proposals and preparing an updated eco-tourism
sectoral strategy for the A&N Islands that reflects current industry
standards and practices, global best-practice for eco-tourism and the
latest scientific knowledge on sustainable tourism and low-impact
tourism strategies. The plan will try to address constraints such access
between islands and clean and sustainable energy sources to substitute
diesel, which is a source of pollution.
o Facilitate an active tourism association encompassing tourism-sector
players such as hoteliers, resort operators, tour agencies and tour
guides, transport operators, dive operators and restaurateurs. This
Association will work with the Administration to develop and
implement clear and comprehensive guidelines and standards for
environmentally sustainable tourism.
o Establish a tourism industry entrepreneurship development
programme, in collaboration with IP&T and ANIDCO.
This
programme will identify and support small- and medium-scale
domestic tourism enterprises, focusing on secondary and support
services such as local guides, small-scale boat and dive operators,
home-stay programmes, handicraft and food and beverage stores.
o The programme will provide assistance in areas such as training on
market feasibility assessments, business management, product
development and marketing, microfinance and small-scale finance.
The development of entrepreneurial activities such as handicraft and
food and beverage stores and home-stay programmes will emphasise
the involvement of women’s groups and individual female
entrepreneurs as much as possible.
o The programme will emphasise ecologically-sustainable tourism
practices, as well as provide training and awareness on the global
biodiversity significance of the Islands and its ecological richness. In
doing so, the programme will create a secondary and support services
sector which appreciates the critical link between conserving the
Islands’ biodiversity and sustaining a viable ecotourism industry.
o The entrepreneurship development programme will be implemented as
part of Administration’s on-going tourism sector development
activities and will be incorporated into the sectoral development
programmes of the Tourism Department.
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o Establish and support a broad-based, participatory process to devise
and market a tourism identity for the Andaman Islands (a ‘Brand
Andamans’) that highlights and celebrates ecological diversity and
environmental sustainability as key elements of the Andamans tourism
experience.
Sustainable Fisheries
70.
Sustainable coastal and reef fisheries will be advanced by the following
initiatives:
o Work with the existing master plans of the Department of Fisheries to
identify specific interventions where environmentally-sustainable
fishing can be demonstrated.
o Identify constraints to utilize the untapped fishery potential and assist
local fishing communities in upgrading their equipment, technical skills
and resources to meet sustainability requirements while maintaining or
increasing incomes and job-creation in the sector. Also explore
mariculture options for a variety of species such as lobsters, crabs,
prawns, pearl oyster, Turbo, Trochus and Tridacna after a comprehensive
examination of potential environmental impacts of such activities.
However, expansion of fishery related activities will require target
based stock assessment, recruitment and fishing to monitor the
resources along scientific lines and to ensure that sustainable fishery
development in the Islands.
o Assessment of medium-term feasibility of developing alternative
fisheries-related livelihood options, such as sport fishing, catch and
release fishing or dive boat services, linked to the growth of high-end
sustainable tourism activities.
o Review of the supply chain and development of a plan to increase
value-added from fisheries operations through improved handling,
value-added processing and improved marketing links with key
overseas markets.
Development of value-added processing
opportunities will specifically target women’s groups wherever
feasible.
71.
While identifying specific activities across the these sectors during
implementation, existing local, state, national and international experience will
be scanned as well as information available in existing reports by the A&N
Administration, Planning Commission, Island Development Authority,
Ministry of Home Affairs, research institutes like the Anna University and
donors such as the World Bank and UNDP will be consulted.
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Outcome 4: Effective project monitoring and evaluation, lessons learning, and
adaptive management
72.
The following outputs will be achieved:

Project management systems that include adaptive management mechanisms
developed and maintained. Depending on the progress made and problems
faced, adaptive management will allow quick decision making and the
required mid-course corrections.

Periodic project strategic and annual work planning completed according to
agreed timetable. This will enable setting of concrete targets based on a
consultation with stakeholders during the inception phase and also the
tracking the project’s progress.

Project monitored and evaluated regularly and lessons integrated into
adaptive management process. The results of the monitoring will be used as
feedback to the adaptive management process ensuring that the project is
managed based on current and realistic information.

Project progress reports generated, reviewed and disseminated on schedule.
Documentation of project experiences and results will enable the production
of various communications materials to showcase the project experiences.

Project results and lessons disseminated widely both in-country and more
widely. Dissemination of project experiences and results will enable a wider
set of people to learn from the project and expand the scope for replication of
the successful models of this project.
Project Indicators, Risks and Assumptions
73.
The primary indicator of project success is mainstreaming sustainability into
the governance systems and key productive sectors of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands
74.
The project design is predicated on a small number of risks and assumptions.
The primary assumption underpinning the project is that the Government
continues to play a predominant role in sectoral development, and thus
Government development strategies strongly influence the boundaries and
direction of economic development. The project has a strong focus on
strengthening governance capacities and on sustainable sectoral development
strategies.
This focus assumes that the Territorial Administration’s
predominant role in guiding economic development continues in the mediumterm, and that mainstreaming sustainability into the governance context will
therefore improve the sustainability of economic activity overall.
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75.
The project also assumes that the orders of the Supreme Court will be fully
implemented. In particular, it is assumed that the Supreme Court orders
relating to removal of forest encroachments, issuance of identity cards for
residents and the phasing-out of sand-mining will be thoroughly enforced.
Although difficulties may be experienced in implementation, the orders are
legally binding on the Central Government and the Territorial Administration.
76.
Transfer of administrative staff, particularly the Indian Administrative Service
officers, can result in the loss of continuity. The project will therefore involve
significant capacity development activities for staff who are either locallyrecruited or from the DANI (Delhi and Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
administrative cadre.
Expected Global, National and Local Benefits
77.
By effectively mainstreaming environmental sustainability into the
governance and key productive sectors of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands,
the project hopes to produce the following national and global benefits:
sustainability of globally-significant ecosystem resources by supporting
government efforts towards mainstreaming environmentally sensitive
development strategies in the governance structures and decision-making
systems; increased understanding among local communities for the need to
conserve the ecological resources and impetus to local action that integrates
environmental concerns;
development and demonstration of effective
strategies in the three priority sectors that exhibit a ‘win-win’ relationship
between ecological sustainability and sustainable livelihoods.
Country Ownership: Country Eligibility and Country Drivenness
Country Eligibility
78.
India signed the Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD) on 18 February
1994 and is therefore eligible for assistance from the GEF.
Country Drivenness
79.
The Ministry of Environment and Forests has indicated that the proposed
project for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands represents the Government of
India’s foremost priority for UNDP-GEF support at present. This project has
been closely integrated with the overall national development strategy for the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands and responds to a number of identified
national priorities including:
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-
Priorities identified in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union
Territory Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan which was developed
and adopted by the Territorial Administration, with support from
MoEF and UNDP-GEF under the GEF EA Project: National Biodiversity
Strategy and Action Plan- India. The A&N BSAP provides the initial
baseline of ecological information on which the project’s threats
assessment and intervention logic is built.
-
The priority accorded to India’s ecologically-significant island
ecosystems (Andaman and Nicobar and Lakswadeep). These two
island ecosystems are recognised by the Government of India as unique
and fragile regions, and developmental activities in these areas are
coordinated by a Cabinet-level Island Development Authority (IDA),
chaired by the Prime Minister.
80.
The commitment of the Government of India and the A&N Administration to
this initiative is clearly illustrated by the provision of more than $5 million in
cash co-financing for project activities, as well as substantial in-kind
contributions. In addition, the Government of India has also underwritten all
recurrent project implementation expenditures, both during project
implementation as well as post-project. The proposed project was reviewed
and endorsed by the Government of India GEF Empowered Committee on 17
August 2004. In providing endorsement the Empowered Committee noted
that the proposed project strategy was clearly aligned with the Government’s
developmental vision for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
81.
The proposed project is fully consistent with UNDP’s Country Programme
(2003-2007) <www. undp.org.in/ncpo.htm> . The project is part of the
Vulnerability Reduction and Environmental Sustainability theme, and
specifically addresses the objectives of mainstreaming global environmental
concerns into national projects, programmes and policies, and the
strengthening of national capacity and capacity of local communities to
address global environmental concerns. The project also supports the Poverty
Eradication and Sustainable Livelihoods theme, particularly the objective of
strengthening partnerships to develop, test and disseminate innovative,
gender-equitable and community-managed approaches to sustainable
livelihoods and environmentally sustainable natural resource management.
The project through its work with local communities and local government
will support the UNDAF theme of Strengthening Decentralisation and its subtheme of capacity development for promoting effective community
management. The project is consistent with Goal 3 ‘Energy and environment
for sustainable development’ of UNDP’s Multi-year Funding Framework.
With its focus on mainstreaming environmental concerns in the governance
structures and in development planning, particularly for the island
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ecosystems, the project will contribute to results under Service Line 3.1 Frameworks and strategies for sustainable development.
Sustainability
82.
Most key components of the project have been designed to work within the
existing Territorial Administration system and leverage on-going Government
funding, including all key sustainable livelihoods programmes.
The
Territorial Administration is already implementing schemes in the three
productive sectors through its planned budget. Therefore the institutional
sustainability of the project’s outcomes is expected to be strong. All key
project components that may require recurrent expenditure (e.g.
implementation of capacity development programmes, demonstration aspects
of sustainable livelihood activities, strengthening application of environmental
criteria for sustainable use patterns in the three productive sectors,
strengthening of monitoring and enforcement) are underwritten by
Government co-financing rather than GEF resources. Therefore the project’s
key achievements are expected to be fully sustainable post-project.
Nevertheless, post-project sustainability will be reviewed during the project
mid-term evaluation, and if deemed necessary specific activities to address
post-project sustainability will be initiated.
Replicability
83.
The socio-economic structure and governance system of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands is fairly unique in India (as described in the background
sections above). Therefore, it is unlikely that the projects outcomes and
approaches can be extensively replicated in toto. Nevertheless, many aspects
of the proposed interventions have high replicability potential. For example,
the sustainable tourism model will be highly relevant in major tourism
destinations such as Kerala, Goa and Rajasthan. Similarly, lessons learnt in the
fisheries industry will be relevant in many coastal regions of India such as the
Gulf of Mannar and the Sundarbans.
84.
Beyond the immediate national context, many of the lessons learnt from this
project will be applicable in small island developing states or archipelagic
regions, particularly in tropical or equatorial areas. Key lessons on the
sustainable management of limited terrestrial resources, mitigation of
development impacts on isolated and vulnerable island ecologies and
development of sustainable livelihoods in island economies will be useful in
many other places facing similar challenges.
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PART III. MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS
Management Structure
85.
The Andaman & Nicobar Administration as the Project Executive will execute
the project and in this role assume the overall responsibility for the
achievement of the project outcomes. The project will be implemented by the
High Value Agriculture Development Agency (HVADA). The mandate of
HVADA will be suitably enlarged to suit the overall requirements of the
project. It will be responsible for overall project management and for
coordinating the design and implementation of specific activities in the areas
of high-value agriculture, fisheries and eco-tourism. HVADA will be
supported by Departments of Agriculture, Fisheries and Information,
Publicity & Tourism, who will partner in implementation of agreed activities.
The Project Management Unit (PMU), Project Manager, sector specialists and
other full time staff will be based in HVADA.
86.
The overall responsibility for managing and implementing of the project will
rest with the office of the Development Commissioner, designated as the
Project Director. The Project Director will also be responsible for the overall
implementation of the project and facilitating coordination between the
departments of agriculture, fisheries and IP&T as well as with other
stakeholders. The Development Commissioner will be ex-officio Project
Director and will be assisted by a team comprising a Project Manager and
specialists (refer para 94) who will be part of a Project Management Unit to be
set up under the project.
87.
The public awareness and education component will be implemented by a
consortium of Panchayati Raj Institutions, Tribal Council and credible NGOs
with required expertise and experience, working in collaboration with the
Information, Publicity and Tourism (IP&T) Department of the Administration
and local community partners. NGOs can also play a major role in community
mobilization, training, capacity development, awareness generation and
implementation. They can also be associated with the project to provide
technical advice on specific components, evaluations, research studies and
establishment of baselines.
88.
Project implementation will be reviewed at A&N level by a Project Review
Committee (PRC) headed by the Lt Governor of A&N Islands which will
ensure that project implementation is consistent with national and Territorial
development policies.
89.
Project implementation will be overseen by a Project Steering Committee
(PSC), chaired by the Chief Secretary, which will be responsible for ensuring
that the project is implemented in line with the agreed project design. The
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PSC will act as the Project Executive Group. The PSC will include both seniorlevel officials of the A&N Administration and the Central Government as well
as from representative(s) from UNDP. Representation on the PSC from the
A&N Administration will include: The Chief Secretary, Development
Commissioner, Secretary Finance, Director of HVADA, Directors of
Agriculture, Fisheries, Information, Publicity and Tourism and Agriculture
Departments; Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Department of
Environment and Forests, ANIDCO and NABARD. The Committee will also
include representation from the private sector (such as the Andaman and
Nicobar Chamber of Commerce and key tourism, agriculture and fisheries
operators) as well as prominent local NGO and public representatives. The
PSC will meet at least twice a year.
90.
The PSC will be responsible for reviewing the selection and contracting of key
project personnel, approving the project’s annual workplans, reviewing and
communicating the Annual Progress Reports/Implementation Reviews
(APR/PIRs) prior to the annual Tripartite Review Meetings and decide on the
need for hiring consultants including review of the terms of reference and
selection of consultants, both national and international. The PSC will review
requests for procuring equipment for the project. For example, the Forest
Department has projected its required for monitoring such as boats, scuba
diving equipment, snorkeling devices, under-water photography equipment
and mobile testing laboratories.
91.
A Project Technical Committee will also be established. This expert
committee may comprise scientific and technical experts on the Islands’
ecology and socio-economy, private-sector leaders from the key economic
sectors and other individuals with expertise on the Islands’ development. The
Technical Committee will provide input into project management by:
- Reviewing project reports and workplans,
- Assessing technical outputs such as policy documents and
guidelines
- Making recommendations on possible solutions to problems
encountered, and
- Recommending best practices from other initiatives in India
and elsewhere.
92.
The Technical Committee will be kept informed of project progress and
outputs on a circulation basis, via electronic mail or other suitable
mechanisms. Formal meetings of the Technical Committee will be held on a
yearly basis. Other ad-hoc meetings may also be held, upon invitation by the
Project Steering Committee when required.
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93.
Operational implementation of the project will be led by a full-time Project
Manager (to be selected by the PSC), under the overall supervision of the
National Project Director (i.e., the Development Commissioner). The Project
Manager will be supported by Sectoral Specialists responsible for tourism,
agriculture and fisheries, a Staff Ecologist/ Capacity Development Specialist,
administrative staff and short-term consultants as required. In addition to the
day-to-day management, reporting and coordination of project
implementation, the Project manager is required to maintain the following: (i)
Issues Log reflecting main issues that may require decisions from the PSC (ii)
Risk Log reflecting the risks that may affect the project’s progress towards the
achievement of the outcomes and (iii) Lessons Learnt Log.
94.
UNDP’s primary responsibility will be project assurance which will involve
tracking project implementation and achievement of project outputs and
outcomes as well as ensure proper use of project funds. The UNDP Country
Office will support project implementation by tracking project budget and
expenditure, assisting with equipment procurement, and providing other
assistance upon request of the PSC. It will provide support in organizing the
Inception Workshop. Financial transactions, reporting and auditing will be
carried out in compliance with national regulations and UNDP rules and
procedures. The UNDP Country Office will carry out its day-to-day
management and monitoring functions through an assigned Programme
Officer in New Delhi, who will be also responsible for the day-to-day
coordination with the project team as well as liaise with UNDP/GEF Regional
Coordination Unit (RCU) in Bangkok and headquarters in New York, USA.
95.
Across these three sectors, apart from drawing on national, state and local
expertise and experience, UNDP Country Office will scan the global canvas
and provide technological input to augment income levels in an eco-friendly
manner, keeping in view the carrying capacity of marine and terrestrial
resources.
96.
In order to accord proper acknowledgement to GEF for providing funding, a
GEF logo should appear on all relevant GEF project publications, including
among others, project hardware and vehicles purchased with GEF funds. Any
citation on publications regarding projects funded by GEF should also accord
proper acknowledgment to GEF. The UNDP logo should be more prominent -and separated from the GEF logo if possible, as UN visibility is important for
security purposes.
PART IV. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
97.
Project monitoring and evaluation will be conducted in accordance with
established UNDP and GEF procedures and will be provided by the project
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team and the UNDP Country Office (UNDP-CO) with support from
UNDP/GEF. The Logical Framework Matrix (refer Section II – Part II)
provides performance and impact indicators for project implementation along
with their corresponding means of verification. These will form the basis on
which the project's Monitoring and Evaluation system will be built.
98.
The following sections outline the principle components of the Monitoring and
Evaluation Plan and indicative cost estimates related to M&E activities. The
project's Monitoring and Evaluation Plan will be presented and finalized at the
Project's Inception Report following a collective fine-tuning of indicators,
means of verification, and the full definition of project staff M&E
responsibilities.
Project Inception Phase
99.
The project will have an Inception Phase extending over the first six months of
the project period involving amongst other things:

setting up project management structures and systems;

recruitment and orientation of project staff

once the Project Team has been recruited, revisiting the Logical
Framework (logframe) and identifying critical gaps to be addressed
during the first and second years of implementation. This will include
reviewing the indicators, baselines, targets, means of verification, risks
& assumptions. Specific sub-indicators for capturing mainstreaming of
conservation principles into the three main productive sectors will be
reviewed, adequate changes made, baseline situations established and
verified.

identifying gaps and imminent areas of work under the broad ambit of
the three productive sectors of the project, while giving high priority to
conservation and management of the Island’s biodiversity and
sustainable Island environmental development.

During the Inception Workshop, specific project sites will be identified
using the following criteria, which will be verified, finalized and
adopted at an initial PSC meeting:
- Global significance of the site;
- Biogeographic representation;
- Degree of threats to the biodiversity;
- Nature of threats to the biodiversity;
- Degree of long-term ecological viability;
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- Added value of conserving the site and/or potential of impacting a
larger landscape;
- Opportunity for effective mainstreaming of conservation principles
in either one of the key productive sectors;
- Degree of interest shown by the community and local government in
participating in proposed project activities;
- A&N Administration priorities;
- Balanced sectoral coverage; and
- Co-finance commitment.

On the basis of the logframe review and identification of gaps and
priority areas of work, the Project Team will finalize the overall Project
Implementation Plan, the Annual Work Plan (AWP) and budget, and a
project M&E system with precise and measurable performance and
impact indicators in line with the logframe. Each activity identified in
the AWP will need detailed sub-components that indicate the steps
required to for its completion.

The PIP and AWP will reflect the priorities and concerns of the A&N
Administration and complement their existing relevant sectoral plans
while giving top priority to the conservation and management of the
unique biodiversity of the A&N Islands and sustainable island
environmental development.

reviewing and refining the stakeholder involvement plan;

undertaking preparatory work for the Project Inception Workshop.
100.
A Project Inception Workshop will be conducted with the full project team,
relevant government counterparts, co-financing partners, the UNDP-CO and
representation from the UNDP-GEF Regional Coordinating Unit, as well as
UNDP-GEF (HQs) as appropriate. UNDP Country Office will work with
project authorities in organizing the Inception Workshop.
101.
A fundamental objective of this Inception Workshop will be to ensure that all
project partners agree on, have a common understanding of, and have
internalized the project’s goal, objectives, outcomes and overall project
design.. This will include reviewing the logframe matrix, the Project
Implementation Plan and the project's first annual workplan (AWP) and
budget.
102.
The IW will also provide an opportunity for all parties to understand their
roles, functions, and responsibilities within the project's decision-making
structures, including reporting and communication lines, and conflict
resolution mechanisms. Specifically, it serves to: (i) introduce project staff to
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the UNDP-GEF expanded team which will support the project during its
implementation, namely the CO and responsible Regional Coordinating Unit
staff; (ii) detail the roles, support services and complementary responsibilities
of UNDP-CO and RCU staff vis a vis the project team; (iii) provide a detailed
overview of UNDP-GEF reporting and monitoring and evaluation (M&E)
requirements, with particular emphasis on the Annual Project Review/Project
Implementation Reviews (APRs/PIRs), Tripartite Review Meetings, as well as
mid-term and final evaluations. Equally, the IW will provide an opportunity
to inform the project team on UNDP project related budgetary planning,
budget reviews, and mandatory budget rephasings.
Monitoring Responsibilities and Events
103.
A detailed schedule of project reviews meetings will be developed by the
Project Team, in consultation with project implementation partners and
stakeholder representatives and incorporated in the Project Inception Report.
Such a schedule will include: (i) tentative time frames for Tripartite Reviews,
Steering Committee Meetings, and (ii) project related Monitoring and
Evaluation activities.
104.
Day to day monitoring of implementation progress will be the responsibility
of the Project Manager based on the project's Annual Workplan and its
indicators. The Project Manager will inform the UNDP-CO of any delays or
difficulties faced during implementation so that the appropriate support or
corrective measures can be adopted in a timely and remedial fashion.
105.
The Project Manager will fine-tune the progress, performance, and impact
indicators of the project in consultation with the full project team during the
Inception Phase with support from UNDP-CO and assisted by the UNDP-GEF
Regional Technical Advisor.
106.
Measurement of impact indicators related to global benefits will occur
according to the schedules defined in the Inception Phase and agreed at the
Inception Workshop and outlined in the Project Logframe. The measurement,
of these will be undertaken through subcontracts or retainers with relevant
institutions or through specific studies that are to form part of the projects
activities or periodic sampling such as with sedimentation.
107.
Periodic monitoring of implementation progress will be undertaken by the UNDPCO through quarterly meetings with the project proponent, or more
frequently as deemed necessary. This will allow parties to take stock and to
troubleshoot any problems pertaining to the project in a timely fashion to
ensure smooth implementation of project activities.
108.
UNDP Country Office will conduct periodic field visits (at least twice a year)
to assess project progress directly. The UNDP/GEF Regional Technical
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Advisor will also make field visits during the course of the project. Any other
member of the Steering Committee can also accompany UNDP staff on
monitoring visits. A Field Visit Report will be prepared by the CO and
circulated no less than one month after the visit to the project team, all SC
members, and UNDP-GEF.
109.
Annual Monitoring will occur through the Tripartite Review (TPR). This is the
highest policy-level meeting of the parties directly involved in the
implementation of a project. The project will be subject to Tripartite Review
(TPR) at least once every year. The first such meeting will be held within the
first twelve months of the start of full implementation. The project proponent
will prepare an Annual Project Report (APR) and submit it to UNDP-CO and
the UNDP-GEF Regional Coordination Unit at least two weeks prior to the
TPR for review and comments.
110.
The APR will be used as one of the basic documents for discussions in the TPR
meeting. The project proponent will present the APR to the TPR, highlighting
policy issues and recommendations for the decision of the TPR participants.
The project proponent also informs the participants of any agreement reached
by stakeholders during the APR preparation on how to resolve operational
issues. Separate reviews of each project component may also be conducted if
necessary.
111.
The TPR has the authority to suspend disbursement if project performance
benchmarks are not met. Benchmarks will be developed at the Inception
Workshop, based on delivery rates, and qualitative assessments of
achievements of outputs.
Terminal Tripartite Review (TTR)
112.
The terminal tripartite review is held in the last month of project operations.
The project proponent is responsible for preparing the Terminal Report and
submitting it to UNDP-CO and UNDP-GEF's Regional Coordinating Unit. It
shall be prepared in draft at least two months in advance of the TTR in order
to allow review, and will serve as the basis for discussions in the TTR. The
terminal tripartite review considers the implementation of the project as a
whole, paying particular attention to whether the project has achieved its
stated objectives and contributed to the broader environmental objective. It
decides whether any actions are still necessary, particularly in relation to
sustainability of project results, and acts as a vehicle through which lessons
learnt can be captured to feed into other projects under implementation of
formulation.
Project Monitoring Reporting
113.
The Project Manager in conjunction with UNDP CO will be responsible for the
preparation and submission of the following reports that form part of the
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monitoring process. Items (a) through (f) are mandatory and strictly related to
monitoring, while (g) through (h) have a broader function and the frequency
and nature is project specific to be defined throughout implementation.
(a)
114.
Inception Report (IR)
A Project Inception Report will be prepared immediately following the
Inception Workshop. It will include a detailed First Year/ Annual Work Plan
divided in quarterly time-frames detailing the activities and progress
indicators that will guide implementation during the first year of the project.
This Work Plan would include the dates of specific field visits, support
missions from the UNDP-CO or the Regional Coordination Unit (RCU) or
consultants, as well as time-frames for meetings of the project's decision
making structures. The Report will also include the detailed project budget
for the first full year of implementation, prepared on the basis of the Annual
Work Plan, and including any monitoring and evaluation requirements to
effectively measure project performance during the targeted 12 months timeframe.
115.
The Inception Report will include a more detailed narrative on the
institutional roles, responsibilities, coordinating actions and feedback
mechanisms of project related partners. In addition, a section will be included
on progress to date on project establishment and start-up activities and an
update of any changed external conditions that may effect project
implementation.
116.
When finalized the report will be circulated to project counterparts who will
be given a period of one calendar month in which to respond with comments
or queries. Prior to this circulation of the IR, the UNDP Country Office and
UNDP-GEF’s Regional Coordination Unit will review the document.
(b)
117.
Annual Project Report (APR)
The APR is a UNDP requirement and part of UNDP’s Country Office central
oversight, monitoring and project management. It is a self -assessment report
by project management to the CO and provides input to the country office
reporting process and the Multi-Year Funding Framework/Results Oriented
Annual Report, as well as forming a key input to the Tripartite Project Review.
An APR will be prepared on an annual basis prior to the Tripartite Project
Review, to reflect progress achieved in meeting the project's Annual Work
Plan and assess performance of the project in contributing to intended
outcomes through outputs and partnership work.
118.
The format of the APR is flexible but should include the following:

An analysis of project performance over the reporting period, including
outputs produced and, where possible, information on the status of the
outcome
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




The constraints experienced in the progress towards results and the
reasons for these
The three (at most) major constraints to achievement of results
AWP, and other expenditure reports (Enterprise Resource Planning
generated)
Lessons learned
Clear recommendations for future orientation in addressing key problems
in lack of progress
(c)
119.
Project Implementation Review (PIR)
The GEF M&E Unit provides the scope and content of the PIR.The PIR is an
annual monitoring process mandated by the GEF. It has become an essential
management and monitoring tool for project managers and offers the main
vehicle for extracting lessons from ongoing projects. Once the project has been
under implementation for a year, a Project Implementation Review must be
completed by the CO together with the project. The PIR can be prepared any
time during the year (July-June) and ideally prior to the TPR. The PIR should
then be discussed in the TPR so that the result would be a PIR that has been
agreed upon by the project, the executing agency, UNDP CO and the
concerned Regional Technical Advisor (RTA).
120.
The individual PIRs are collected, reviewed and analysed by the RTAs prior to
sending them to the focal area clusters at the UNDP/GEF headquarters. The
focal area clusters supported by the UNDP/GEF M&E Unit analyse the PIRs
by focal area, theme and region for common issues/results and lessons. The
Principal Technical Advisors play a key role in this consolidating analysis.
121.
The focal area PIRs are then discussed in the GEF Interagency Focal Area Task
Forces in or around November each year and consolidated reports by focal
area are collated by the GEF Independent M&E Unit based on the Task Force
findings.
Quarterly Progress Reports
122.
Short reports outlining main updates in project progress will be provided
quarterly to the local UNDP Country Office and the UNDP-GEF regional
office by the project team. See format attached.
(d)
123.
Periodic Thematic Reports
As and when called for by UNDP, UNDP-GEF or the Implementing Partner,
the project team will prepare Specific Thematic Reports, focusing on specific
issues or areas of activity. The request for a Thematic Report will be provided
to the project team in written form by UNDP and will clearly state the issue or
activities that need to be reported on. These reports can be used as a form of
lessons learnt exercise, specific oversight in key areas, or as troubleshooting
exercises to evaluate and overcome obstacles and difficulties encountered.
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UNDP is requested to minimize its requests for Thematic Reports, and when
such are necessary will allow reasonable timeframes for their preparation by
the project team.
(e)
124.
Project Terminal Report
During the last three months of the project the project team will prepare the
Project Terminal Report. This comprehensive report will summarize all
activities, achievements and outputs of the Project, lessons learnt, objectives
met, or not achieved, structures and systems implemented, etc. and will be the
definitive statement of the Project’s activities during its lifetime. It will also
lay out recommendations for any further steps that may need to be taken to
ensure sustainability and replicability of the Project’s activities.
(f)
125.
Technical Reports (optional)
Technical Reports are detailed documents covering specific areas of analysis or
scientific specializations within the overall project. As part of the Inception
Report, the project team will prepare a draft Reports List, detailing the
technical reports that are expected to be prepared on key areas of activity
during the course of the Project, and tentative due dates. Where necessary this
Reports List will be revised and updated, and included in subsequent APRs.
Technical Reports may also be prepared by external consultants and should be
comprehensive, specialized analyses of clearly defined areas of research
within the framework of the project and its sites. These technical reports will
represent, as appropriate, the project's substantive contribution to specific
areas, and will be used in efforts to disseminate relevant information and best
practices at local, national and international levels.
(g)
126.
Project Publications (optional)
Project Publications will form a key method of crystallizing and disseminating
the results and achievements of the Project. These publications may be
scientific or informational texts on the activities and achievements of the
Project, in the form of journal articles, multimedia publications, etc. These
publications can be based on Technical Reports, depending upon the
relevance, scientific worth, etc. of these Reports, or may be summaries or
compilations of a series of Technical Reports and other research. The project
team will determine if any of the Technical Reports merit formal publication,
and will also (in consultation with UNDP, the government and other relevant
stakeholder groups) plan and produce these Publications in a consistent and
recognizable format. Project resources will need to be defined and allocated
for these activities as appropriate and in a manner commensurate with the
project's budget.
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Independent Evaluation
127.
The project will be subjected to at least two independent external evaluations
as follows:-
Mid-term Evaluation
128.
An independent Mid-Term Evaluation will be undertaken at the end of the
second year of implementation. The Mid-Term Evaluation will determine
progress being made towards the achievement of outcomes and will identify
course correction if needed. It will focus on the effectiveness, efficiency and
timeliness of project implementation; will highlight issues requiring decisions
and actions; and will present initial lessons learned about project design,
implementation and management. Findings of this review will be
incorporated as recommendations for enhanced implementation during the
final half of the project’s term. The organization, terms of reference and
timing of the mid-term evaluation will be decided after consultation between
the parties to the project document. The Terms of Reference for this Mid-term
evaluation will be prepared by the UNDP CO based on guidance from UNDPGEF Regional Coordination Unit.
Final Evaluation
129.
An independent Final Evaluation will take place three months prior to the
terminal tripartite review meeting, and will focus on the same issues as the
mid-term evaluation. The final evaluation will also look at impact and
sustainability of results, including the contribution to capacity development
and the achievement of global environmental goals. The Final Evaluation
should also provide recommendations for follow-up activities. The Terms of
Reference for this evaluation will be prepared by the UNDP CO based on
guidance from the UNDP-GEF Regional Coordination Unit.
Audit Requirements
130.
As with all nationally executed projects, the project must be audited
periodically. GEF funded projects with an annual expenditure exceeding
US$100,000 must be audited annually. The objective of the audit is to provide
the UNDP Administrator with the assurances that UNDP resources are being
managed in accordance with:
a)
b)
c)
The financial regulations, rules, practices and procedures prescribed for
the project:
The project document and work plans, including activities, management
and the project implementation arrangements, monitoring, evaluation,
and reporting provisions
The requirements for execution in the areas of management,
administration and finance.
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131.
While the Government is responsible for ensuring that the audit requirements
are met, the project may be subject to audit by the auditors of UNDP, and
UNDP shall have right of access to the relevant records.
132.
The Auditors for the project will be appointed as directed by the Government
of India. The Government must ensure that the audit is performed in
accordance with the generally accepted standards and ensure that the audit
report is duly reviewed and will reach UNDP Headquarters via the UNDP
India office by 30 April of each year.
Learning and Knowledge Sharing
133.
Results from the project will be disseminated within and beyond the project
intervention zone through a number of existing information sharing networks
and forums. In addition:
 The project will participate, as relevant and appropriate, in UNDP/GEF
sponsored networks, organized for Senior Personnel working on projects that
share common characteristics. UNDP/GEF shall establish a number of networks,
such as Integrated Ecosystem Management, eco-tourism, co-management, etc,
that will largely function on the basis of an electronic platform.
 The project will identify and participate, as relevant and appropriate, in scientific,
policy-based and/or any other networks, which may be of benefit to project
implementation though lessons learned.
134.
The project will identify, analyze, and share lessons learned that might be
beneficial in the design and implementation of similar future projects. Identify
and analyzing lessons learned is an on- going process, and the need to
communicate such lessons as one of the project's central contributions is a
requirement to be delivered not less frequently than once every 12 months.
UNDP/GEF shall provide a format and assist the project team in categorizing,
documenting and reporting on lessons learned. To this end a percentage of
project resources will need to be allocated for these activities.
Annex H-2: INDICATIVE MONITORING AND EVALUATION WORKPLAN AND
CORRESPONDING BUDGET
Type of M&E
activity
Inception
Workshop
Responsible Parties



Project Coordinator
UNDP CO
UNDP GEF
Budget US$
Excluding project
team Staff time
34,000
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Time frame
Within first six
months of
project start up
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT


Project Team
UNDP CO
Measurement of
Means of
Verification for
Project Purpose
Indicators

To be finalized in
Inception Phase and
Workshop. Indicative
cost 50,000
Measurement of
Means of
Verification for
Project Progress
and Performance
(measured on an
annual basis)
APR and PIR

Inception Report
None
Steering
Committee
Meetings


Project Coordinator will
oversee the hiring of
specific studies and
institutions, and
delegate
responsibilities to
relevant team
members
Oversight by Project
GEF Technical Advisor
and Project
Coordinator
Measurements by
regional field officers
and local IAs
Project Team
UNDP-CO
UNDP-GEF
Government
Counterparts
UNDP CO
Project team
UNDP-GEF Regional
Coordinating Unit
Project Coordinator
UNDP CO
Periodic status
reports

Project team
5,000
Technical reports

Project team
10,000
TPR and TPR
report








Finalized within
one month of
the IW
Start, mid and
end of project
To be determined as
part of the Annual
Work Plan's
preparation.
Indicative cost
250,0009
Annually prior
to APR/PIR
and to the
definition of
annual work
plans
None
Annually
None
Every year,
upon receipt of
APR/PIR
None
Following
Project IW and
subsequently at
least once a
year
To be
determined by
Project team
and UNDP CO
during
Inception
Phase and
agreed at IW
To be
9
Due to capacity constraints in the A&N Islands for carrying out identification of biodiversity and
mainstreaming conservation indicators and technical assessments on the baseline and subsequent
assessment of all indicators, it will be necessary to obtain services of consultants from the mainland,
as well as outside of India. This entails a high travel cost and substantive amount for the consultant
fees.
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Mid-term External
Evaluation

Hired consultants as
needed



Project team
UNDP- CO
UNDP-GEF Regional
Coordinating Unit
External Consultants
(i.e. evaluation team)
Project team,
UNDP-CO
UNDP-GEF Regional
Coordinating Unit
External Consultants
(i.e. evaluation team)

Final External
Evaluation




Terminal Report
Lessons learned
Audit
Visits to field sites
(UNDP staff travel
costs to be
charged to IA fees)



Project team
UNDP-CO
External Consultant


Project team
UNDP-GEF Regional
Coordinating Unit
(suggested formats for
documenting best
practices, etc)
UNDP-CO
Project team
UNDP Country Office
UNDP-GEF Regional
Coordinating Unit (as
appropriate)
Government
representatives





64,000
84,000
None
determined by
Project Team
and UNDP-CO
At the mid-point
of project
implementation
.
At the end of
project
implementation
At least one
month before
the end of the
project
Yearly
24,000 (average
3,000 per year)
16,000 (average
2000 per year)
Yearly
Yearly
30,000 (average 2
visits per year)
TOTAL INDICATIVE COST
Excluding project team staff time and UNDP
staff and travel expenses
US$ 567,000
Annex H-2: IMPACT MEASUREMENT TEMPLATE
These indicators are to be from the Logframe Matrix and are related to the
measurement of global benefits achieved by the project rather than project
implementation progress. They will to be fine tuned and detailed in the Inception
Workshop).
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Key Impact
Indicator
Target
Means of
Verification
Sampling
frequenc
y
Location
Area under ecotourism, where
mainstreaming of
environment
conservation
demonstrated.
Project M&E
At least 500 hectares comprising resorts reports, field
and beach areas where tourism is a
visits and
primary economic activity. Annual
specific
targets to be set in year 1 and reviewed studies on
every successive year.
key impact
parameters.
In years
3, 4, 5
and 6
All pilot
sites for
the sector
Area under
sustainable
agriculture where
mainstreaming of
diversity
conservation and
eco-friendly
practices
demonstrated.
At least 4,500 hectares. Annual targets
to be set in year 1 and reviewed every
successive year.
Project M&E
reports, field
visits and
specific
studies on
key impact
parameters.
In years
3, 4 5
and 6
All pilot
sites for
the sector
At least 1250 sq. km. Baselines to be
established by year 2. Annual targets to
be set in year 2 and reviewed every
successive year.
Project M&E
reports, field
visits and
specific
studies on
key impact
parameters.
In years
4 5, 6
and 7.
All sites
for the
sector
Annual targets for reviews as well as
benchmarks to review progress and
impact to be set in year 1 and reviewed
every successive year.
Project M&E
reports,
specific
review
reports, and
government
documents.
As per
annual
workplan
targets.
All review
document
s
Annual targets as well as benchmarks
to review progress and impact to be set
in year 1 and reviewed every
successive year.
Project M&E
reports,
specific
materials
and
government
reports.
As per
annual
workplan
targets.
All
activities
undertake
n in the
sector.
Area under
sustainable
coastal and reef
fisheries
Review of existing
policies (including
fiscal), plans,
capacities and
judgements with
respect to
environmental
sustainability in
A&N Islands.
Development and
dissemination of
awareness
generation
materials.
P AG E 4 4
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
PART V. LEGAL CONTEXT
135.
This Project Document shall be the instrument referred to as such in Article I
of the Standard Basic Assistance Agreement between the Government of India
and the United Nations Development Programme, signed by the parties The
host country implementing agency shall, for the purpose of the Standard Basic
Assistance Agreement, refer to the government co-operating agency described
in that Agreement.
136.
The UNDP Resident Representative in India is authorized to effect in writing
the following types of revision to this Project Document, provided that he/she
has verified the agreement thereto by the UNDP-GEF and is assured that the
other signatories to the Project Document have no objection to the proposed
changes:
a) Revision of, or addition to, any of the annexes to the Project Document;
b) Revisions which do not involve significant changes in the immediate
objectives, outputs or activities of the project, but are caused by the
rearrangement of the inputs already agreed to or by cost increases due to
inflation;
c) Mandatory annual revisions which re-phase the delivery of agreed project
inputs or increased expert or other costs due to inflation or take into account
agency expenditure flexibility; and
d) Inclusion of additional annexes and attachments only as set out here in this
Project Document
P AG E 4 5
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
SECTION II : STRATEGIC RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND GEF INCREMENT
PART I: INCREMENTAL COST ANALYSIS
Outcome 1: A governance context that recognises, facilitates and promotes
sustainable development
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
Baseline (ongoing
governance
activities)
=24,000,000
Governance structures
and systems prioritise
growth in primary
economic sectors for job
creation. Environmental
sustainability is not a
major priority in decisionmaking. Capacities to
identify and address
environmental
sustainability issues in
development planning are
inadequate.
Alternative
= 27,731,000
The alternative will
improve the efficiency of
Government resource
allocation by establishing
clear policy structures,
improving inter-sectoral
coordination, reducing
capacity barriers and
removing perverse
incentives which skew
resource allocation
decisions.
Increment = 3,731,000, of which:
GEF = 991,400
GoI cash =2,412,000
In-kind= 327,600
P AG E 4 6
GLOBAL BENEFIT
The sustainability of
globally-significant
ecosystem resources will
be mainstreamed into
governance structures,
systems and decisionmaking, thereby
establishing biodiversity
conservation as an agreed
priority in government
decision-making.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Outcome 2: Environmental sustainability receives widespread support from the Island
community
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
Baseline
(Administration
information and
publicity,
ecology
awareness and
research
programmes
and NGO
environmental
awareness
programmes)
= 1,778,000
Local stakeholders have a
limited understanding of
the global significance
and fragility of the
Andamans ecosystem.
Environmental
conservation is seen as
an obstacle to income
generation and job
creation. Local NGOs
undertake environmental
awareness projects but
these are limited by a lack
of financial resources.
Alternative
= 2,580,000
Increased awareness of
and support for
environmental
conservation improves
community compliance
with Government
environmental awareness
programmes such as
waste management and
wise use of resources.
Increment = 802,000, of which:
GEF = 484,000
GoI cash= 248,000
In-kind = 70,000
P AG E 4 7
GLOBAL BENEFIT
The need to conserve
globally-significant
ecological resources is
understood by local
communities and widely
supported as an integral
part of the developmental
vision for the Islands.
Increased awareness of
the ecological fragility of
the islands and
understanding of key
threats reduces incidence
of accidental damage to
fragile resources such as
corals and watersheds.
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
Outcome 3A: Environmentally-sustainable income-generation and job-creation in high-value
agriculture
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Baseline
(Administration
horticulture,
crop
husbandry,
agricultural
marketing and
associated
programmes)
= 9,956,000
Agricultural development
prioritizes job creation and
income generation.
Sectoral development
strategies emphasise
increased value-added
from the agricultural
sector without
comprehensively
assessing the ecological
consequences of
development programmes
Alternative
= 10,638,000
Sustainable high-value
agricultural strategies
improve the long-term
viability of agricultural
projects and lowers the
costs of required inputs
such as agrochemicals,
while maintaining incomegeneration and jobcreation levels.
Increment =
GEF =
GoI Cash =
In-kind =
682,000, of which:
283,000
280,000
119,000
P AG E 4 8
GLOBAL BENEFIT
Environmentallysustainable agricultural
development strategies
mitigate damage to
sensitive terrestrial and
coastal biodiversity
resources from
agrochemical run-off and
sedimentation.
Increased incomes and
job creation through
sustainable agricultural
enterprises reduces
ecological pressures such
as forest clearance, overharvesting of marine
resources and poaching.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Outcome 3B: Environmentally-sustainable incomegeneration and job-creation in eco-tourism
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
Baseline
(Administration
tourism
development
programmes)
= 10,670,000
Government tourism
development strategies
are focused on incomegeneration and jobcreation through ‘bigticket’ resort
developments financed
and run by outside
investors. Existing
tourism operations and
incoming investors are
largely focused on shortterm profits due to a lack
of long-term predictability
in the policy and planning
framework. This focus on
short-term profit-making
causes significant
degradation of sensitive
coastal and marine
ecological resources.
P AG E 4 9
GLOBAL BENEFIT
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
GLOBAL BENEFIT
Alternative
= 12,651,200
A vibrant, sustainable
eco-tourism sector
generates long-term jobs
and incomes for local
communities. The
emphasis on clear policy
frameworks, developing
entrepreneurship and
establishing selfregulatory mechanisms
within the framework of a
coherent medium-long
term brand identity
ensures that incomes and
jobs from tourism will
continue to be generated
in a sustainable, marketdriven way.
Establishing a vibrant,
successful tourism sector
focused on pristine
ecological resources helps
ensure that responsible
environmental
stewardship and minimal
ecological impact are key
foundation-stones of the
tourism sector.
Demonstrating that
ecological resources such
as intact coral reefs and
forests, clear coastal
waters and pristine
beaches have long-term
economic value will help
to reinforce the ‘win-win’
relationship between
ecological sustainability
and sustainable
livelihoods.
Increment =
GEF =
GoI Cash =
In-kind =
1,981,200, of which:
239,200
1,666,000
76,000
P AG E 5 0
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
Baseline
(Administration
fisheries
development
programmes)
= 8,890,000
Fisheries activities in the
Andamans are focused on
selected high-value
species. Sectoral
management is limited,
due to an underlying
perception of fisheries
resources as ‘limitless’.
Sectoral development
plans are focused on
commercial-scale deep
sea fisheries which have
limited livelihoods and job
creation impacts on local
communities.
Outcome 3C: Environmentallysustainable income-generation and
job-creation in coastal and reef
fisheries
OUTPUT
P AG E 5 1
GLOBAL BENEFIT
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
OUTPUT
COST (US$)
DOMESTIC BENEFIT
GLOBAL BENEFIT
Alternative
= 9,541,000
Shifting the emphasis
from commercial deepsea trawling to
sustainable coastal and
reef fisheries will
significantly increase the
job creation potential of
the fisheries sector.
Income generation will be
more equitable and more
evenly spread across
communities. Flow-on
benefits from value-added
processing and marketing
development will be more
market-driven and less
reliant on centralised,
Government-sponsored
fisheries operations.
A focus on developing
sustainable coastal and
reef fisheries will enhance
the monitoring and
management of coastal
and reef resources,
thereby helping to reduce
ecological damage from
selective harvesting of key
species and unsustainable
fisheries methods and
equipment. Increasing
incomes and generating
jobs from coastal
resources will reinforce
the message that coastal
and reef ecosystems are
important economic
resources which require
sustainable management
and stewardship. By more
clearly establishing intact
reefs and coastal areas as
economic as well as
ecological resources,
conservation of these
globally-significant
resources will be
enhanced
Increment =
GEF =
GoI Cash =
In-kind =
651,000, of which:
171,000
440,000
40,000
Baseline =
55,294,000
Alternative =
63,141,200
PDF Funding = 345,000
Total Project = 9,387,200 [of which GEF will contribute 3,388,600 and
others 5,998,600]
P AG E 5 2
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
PART II: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS
Component
Project Objective: Mainstreaming
biodiversity into the governance
systems and key productive sectors
of the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands
10
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
Biodiversity
conservation
mainstreamed into
the governance
systems and key
productive sectors
of the Andaman
and Nicobar
Islands
(8,249sq.km land
area and
associated marine
zone of
approximately
12,000sq.km.)
This will
specifically
include:
- At least 500ha
of sustainable
tourism
(comprising
resorts and
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
Five-year
development
plans and
sectoral
programmes
outlining
development
strategies for
the
respective
sectors
Baseline
Current
sectoral
development
strategies
and plans do
not
demonstrate
ecological
sustainability
in any of the
key
productive
sectors.
Project
records,
Tourism
Department
There is
currently no
ecotourism
Target
(Year)
Sectoral
development
strategies in
the latest
five-year plan
demonstrate
clear
elements of
ecological
sustainability
(Year 8)
Indicators at the Objective and Outcome levels are Impact indicators, indicators at the Output level are Process indicators
53
Notes and
Assumptions
The
Government
continues to
play a
predominant
role in
sectoral
development,
and thus
Government
development
strategies
strongly
influence the
boundaries
and direction
of economic
development
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
-
-
beach areas
where tourism
is a primary
economic
activity)
At least
4,500ha of
sustainable
agriculture
At least
1,250sq.km. of
sustainable
coastal
fisheries
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
records,
individual
resort/tourist
company
records
Project
monitoring,
Agricultural
Dept records.
Project
Monitoring &
Fisheries
Dept Records
Indicators of
biodiversity /
ecological impacts
Notes and
Assumptions
Baseline
Target
Currently
neither
farmers nor
Agricultural
Dept.
practice or
promote
environmenta
lly
sustainable
agriculture
Currently
coastal
fisheries are
not managed
for
sustainability
by
communities
or the
Fisheries
Dept.
The impacts
of the
December
2004 of
54
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
1. Live coral cover
Monitoring
surveys by
project Y1,
Y3, Y6 & Y8
55
Baseline
Pre-tsunami
estimate of
dead coral is
36% of total
Notes and
Assumptions
Target
Maintain ratio
of live to
dead coral or
increase to
tsunami will
need to be
comprehensiv
ely assessed.
General
assumptions
for all marine
biodiversity
impact
indicators
include: no
warming of
seas due to
climate
change and
for all
biodiversity
indicators, no
further
extreme
natural
disasters or
weather
events
No sudden
major
increase in
harvesting of
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
Remote
sensing time
series data
2. Reef area
occupied by
Acanthester sp., a
starfish which
predates on coral
Monitoring
surveys by
project Y1,
Y3, Y6 & Y8
3. Populations of
selected key
harvested reef fish
species including
3-5 keystone
species (groupers,
sharks, rays,
snappers and
ornamental fish
such as Zebra
Monitoring
surveys by
project Y1,
Y3, Y6 & Y8
56
Baseline
coral in A&N
which is
considered
healthy
(based on
there natural
mortality and
growth rates)
Dorairaj et al.
1997
<5%
coverage in
surveyed
areas (e.g.
Wandoor)
pre-tsunami
Target
ecologically
sustainable
levels pretsunami
levels
Notes and
Assumptions
reef species
or damage by
commercial
trawlers
Individual
species
population
data are not
available.
Maintain
Acanthester
population to
< 5% of reef
area
(measured in
terms of area
occupied)
Ecologically
viable
populations
of harvested
reef species.
Total
biomass of
reef fish is
estimated at
Harvesting
levels capped Overat 10% of
harvesting by
reef fish
outsiders
Populations of
key species
will be
assessed on
priority basis
in Y1.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
shark, angel fish,
coral bream
Outcome 1:
A governance
context that recognises, facilitates
and promotes sustainable
development.
IMPACT ON
RESPONSE
MEASURES:
Ecological
sustainability
issues are clearly
identified,
assessed and
addressed in all
Territorial
Administration
development
plans and
Verifier
Five-year
development
plans and
other relevant
documents
detailing
Territorial
development
initiatives
57
Baseline
3 tons/ha, or
some 2,500
tons of reef
fish/year for
entire A&N
(D.V. Rao,
PDF-B)
PDF-B
indicates that
naturally 42%
of reef fish
population
constitute
prey for other
wild species
Target
stock.
Baseline
Limited
reference to
ecological
sustainability
in major
plans and
programmes
Target (Year)
All key
development
plans and
programmes
address
ecological
sustainability
issues in a
substantive
manner (Year
5)
Ensure prey
reef fish
population is
adequate to
maintain key
wild predator
populations
Notes and
Assumptions
effectively
controlled by
Coastal
Guards and
Fisheries
Department
Target
populations
are not
affected by
disease or
pests
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators10
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
programmes.
58
Baseline
Target
Notes and
Assumptions
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 1.1: A comprehensive
review of existing policies,
legislation and procedures in the
Territorial Administration, to identify
critical barriers to environmental
sustainability
Output 1.2: Clear, comprehensive
and broadly-supported policy
frameworks (including development
guidelines, environmental
standards and regulations) for the
tourism, agriculture and fisheries
sectors, to ensure that resource use
and economic development are
sustainable.
11
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Policy review
completed and
recommendations
implemented
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
Copy of policy review document/ report
and minutes of Steering Committee
meeting accepting it.
Project progress reports indicating
implementation of recommendations
Policies and
guidelines
developed using
participatory and
multi-stakeholder
consultative
processes and
formally adopted
by the Territorial
Administration
Documentation of sectoral policies (e.g.
report or Administration policy document)
and notice of gazettement or other record
of adoption by the Territorial
Administration
Recommendatio
ns for removal of
policy barriers
are implemented
promptly and
thoroughly
The Andaman &
Nicobar
Department of
Environment and
Forests supports
the three sector
departments to
include
environmental
concerns in their
respective
guidelines and
policy
frameworks. It
also leads the
process of
developing/modif
ying
environmental
policy
frameworks.
Indicators at the Objective and Outcome levels are Impact indicators, indicators at the Output level are Process indicators
59
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Output 1.3: A comprehensive
review of land-use planning and
zonation system (including
regularization of land tenure), to
enable that sectoral production and
livelihood activities are undertaken
in appropriate areas of the Islands,
and to ensure the protection of
environmentally-sensitive areas
such as watersheds, protected
forests, tribal areas and critical
wildlife habitats.
Land-use planning
and zonation
system
implemented and
operational
Output 1.4: Reviews of existing
fiscal incentives and subsidy
systems, to ensure the long-term
viability of economic development
strategies and to support efforts for
Fiscal review
completed, and
recommendations
implemented
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
Participatory
policy
formulation
processes
increases
private-sector
and community
understanding of
and support for
revamped
policies.
Documented organisational structure, job
Territorial
descriptions, detailed plan of work with
Administration
quantifiable targets and projected outputs, line agencies
operational budgets of land-use planning
and local
unit, samples of land-use plans or zonation government
(Panchayat)
maps produced
representatives
provide full
cooperation in
implementing the
land-use
planning
process.
Copy of reports reviewing fiscal incentives Political
and subsidies and minutes of Steering
pressures do not
Committee meeting accepting it.
impede review of
subsidies.
Project progress reports indicating
60
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
removal any economic distortions
that encourage unsustainable
resource use.
Output 1.5: Reviews of
governance capacities at the
systemic, institutional and individual
levels to support formulation and
implementation of a comprehensive
organisational strengthening and
capacity development strategy.
Review
completed, and
capacity
development
strategy accepted
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
implementation of recommendations.
The A&N
Administration
through the
Project Review
and Steering
Committees
ensures
economic
distortions and
unsustainable
resource use
patterns linked to
fiscal incentives
and subsidies
are regulated/
minimized and
where possible
phased out.
Rapid turnover
of senior-level
staff in the
Territorial
Administration
inhibits
development of
adequate
capacities at key
decision-making
levels.
Copy of capacity review document and
minutes of Steering Committee meeting
accepting it.
Formal communication from Territorial
Administration indicating adoption of the
proposed capacity development strategy
61
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 1.6: Development of
targeted sectoral capacity
development strategies for key
economic sectors such as tourism,
high value agriculture and fisheries,
to remove capacity barriers to
sustainable development in these
productive sectors.
Output 1.7: Strengthening of
monitoring and enforcement
capacities where required, to
ensure that resource guardians
have sufficient capacities to
manage and protect important
environmental resources..
Outcome 2: Environmental
sustainability receives widespread
support from the Island community.
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Sectoral capacity
development
strategies
implemented
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
All identified
capacity gaps
overcome
Project progress reports indicating
progress on strengthening monitoring and
enforcement capacities
IMPACT ON
RESPONSE
MEASURES:
Ecological
sustainability
regularly features
in general public
discussions of
developmental
plans and
projects, e.g. in
media reports,
speeches and
public fora.
Verifier
Reviews of a
sampling of
local
newspaper
reports to
determine
frequency of
mention.
Notes and
Assumptions
Copies of sectoral capacity development
strategies.
Project progress reports indicating
implementation of sectoral capacity
development activities
62
Baseline
To be
assessed
during project
inception
Target
(Year)
10%
improvem
ent by
year 2,
25%
improvem
ent by
year 4,
50%
improvem
ent by
year 6
GoI provides
sufficient
resources for
capacities to be
strengthened in
all key line
agencies.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Impact on
Pressures:
Local community
involvement in
environmental
awareness
campaigns, and
support for
environmental
NGOs
Verifier
Total number
of individuals
involved in
public
campaigns,
membership
of
environmenta
l NGOs or
levels of
public
financial
support for
campaigns or
organisations
63
Baseline
Target
People are
(Year)
aware of
30% rise
sustainability
from
and
baseline
conservation
in
issues but are
individual
not actively
engaged .There involvem
ent or
are 4 NGOs
financial
working
support
towards
(Year 5)
sensitizing
people towards 50% rise
watershed
in
management
individual
and nature
involvem
conservation
ent or
activities
financial
(Jayaraj and
Andrews 2005). support
(Year 8)
Notes and
Assumptions
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
IMPACT ON BEHAVIOUR:
Verifier
Government
data and
project surveys
& monitoring
reports
Island community
demonstrate
increasingly
responsible behaviour
in relation to
environmental
sustainability (see
specific indicators
below)
Baseline
See baselines
for specific
indicators (a)(d) below
Notes and
Assumptions
Target
See targets
below for
specific
indicators
(a) – (d)
Forest
department
reports
Community
feedback
a) Rate of voluntary
participation of
community members
in biodiversity
conservation activities
measured through
rate of formation of
community
sustainable resource
management
committees and
participation in
committees
Verifier
Project
reports, Forest
department
records,
community
microplans for
natural
resource
management
64
Baseline
No such
committees or
voluntary
participation in
conservation
and sustainable
use although
there is some
awareness of
environmental
sustainability
issues
Target
Relevant
committees
established in
demonstratio
n sites with
25% of
community
participation
by Y4 and
35% by Y8
Notes &
Assumptions
Level of
participation
and
acceptance of
various
regulations
translated into
real and lasting
behavioural
change that
ensures
environmental
sustainability
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
b) Reduction in the
number of fines and
recorded incidents of
illegal and/or
unsustainable
extraction of
threatened
biodiversity resources
including
encroachment
Forest
Department
Divisional
Records
Community
records
Project
monitoring in
target areas
65
Data to be
obtained after
selection of
project sites in
Y1
Notes and
Assumptions
Reduction in
the number of
recorded
incidents of
unsustainable
use/fines for
illegal
activities by
20% in Y4
and 80% in
Y8
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
c) Reduction of
unsustainable
extraction of (i) marine
molluscs & (ii)
mangrove plants
Fisheries Dept.
records
Forest Dept
records
Project
surveys in
project sites
Community
records
Project
surveys &
Remote
sensing time
series data
on area of
mangrove
cover
66
No data
available on
extraction rates
of mollusks but
total
estimated
mollusc
biomass for
A&N is 135
tons (Subba
Rao PDF-B)
Extraction of
live wood from
mangroves
banned but
some extent of
harvesting
continues.
Total
mangrove
cover in
Andamans is
789 km2
(Forest
Survey of
India 2001)
and 16
mangrove
species.
Mangrove
cover declined
c. 100 km2
between
1981-1991 to
Notes and
Assumptions
Mollusc
harvest < 15
tons/year
(estimated
sustainable
harvest level)
Sustainable
harvesting
rates reported
in PDF-B
studies to be
checked and
revised if
Reduction of
unsustainable required
extraction of
mangroves
by 50% in Y4
and 75% in
Y8
Community
composition
includes full
complement
of 16
mangrove
species
50% or
higher
reduction in
rate
mangrove
cover loss
over next
decade
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 2.1: Develop and
demonstrate general public
awareness programmes such as
nature camps, nature walks and
environmental workshops for all
age groups
Output 2.2: Design and publish a
weekly, full-page environmental
awareness column in a
Government-published Island
newspaper, which provides
information on local, national and
international environmental issues
as well as quizzes, competitions
and other interactive forums.
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
d) Level of adoption
and acceptance of
regulatory frameworks
and tools for
sustainable use
Forest &
Fisheries Dept
records.
Project
monitoring &
surveys
Programmes
implemented
Project progress reports and terminal
reports from individual awareness
programmes
Newspaper
columns published
regularly
Copies of published newspaper columns,
and project progress reports indicating
number of columns published per year
67
Weak
regulatory tools
or voluntary
compliance
with existing
regulations
Notes and
Assumptions
Communitybased
regulation
frameworks
and tools in
place and
functioning
through local
natural
resource
management
committees in
project sites.
(1 by Y3, 2 by
Y5, 3 by Y8)
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 2.3: Establish and train a
network of environmental education
activators and educators, focusing
on teachers, youth and women’s
groups.
Output 2.4: Develop awareness
materials such as video
presentations, posters and
booklets, to provide easilyaccessible information on the
environment and ecology of the
Islands, for the local population.
Output 2.5: Develop and
demonstrate a programme of
alternative awareness-raising
activities, using approaches such
as street theatre and puppetry, to
reach out to less-literate local
communities and younger children.
Output 2.6: Organise seminars
and discussions on environmental
themes for Administration officials,
private-sector leaders and other
senior-level stakeholders and
technical specialists, to discuss and
assess specific environmental
issues and threats and to build
consensus for environmentallysustainable development.
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Network of
activators and
educators
established and
active.
Awareness
materials
developed and
disseminated
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Programme
designed and
implemented
Terminal report of awareness-raising
programme, audio-visual documentation of
activities undertaken and records of
numbers, dates and locations of activities
undertaken in project progress reports
Seminars and
discussions held
with widespread
and active
participation
Seminar reports or minutes including lists
of participants, project progress reports
indicate dates and themes of seminars/
discussions as well as numbers of
participants.
Notes and
Assumptions
Network annual reports documenting
number of members and activities
undertaken
Samples of awareness materials, project
progress reports indicate numbers of
copies distributed and information on
recipients.
68
Senior-level
stakeholders are
available to
attend seminars
and discussions.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 2.7: Produce and
distribute brief, targeted and
informational videos and associated
pamphlets for in-bound tourists on
ships and aircraft, to raise
awareness of the sensitive and
valuable ecology of the Islands and
to educate tourists on the rules and
regulations governing
environmentally-friendly tourism.
Impact and
Process
Indicators11
Videos and
pamphlets
designed,
produced and
distributed
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
Samples of videos and pamphlets,
documentation of distribution and
broadcasting by airlines and shipping lines
Vessel operators
(airlines and
shipping lines)
provide
adequate
cooperation in
disseminating
awareness
materials.
69
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Outcome 3: EnvironmentallyIMPACT ON
sustainable, income generating jobs PRESSURES:
created in the three priority sectors. Total number of
local residents
convicted of forest
encroachment or
poaching of reef
resources
Verifier
IMPACT ON
RESPONSE
MEASURES:
Rate of
environmentally
sustainable job
creation in key
economic sectors
(measured overall)
Verifier
Baseline
Government
data
Job creation
figures in
year 1
Feasibility study
completed and
report produced
Final report received and accepted for
implementation by the Steering Committee
and Territorial Department of Agriculture
Output 3A.1: Feasibility study to
identify crop types suitable for
development, on the basis of
ecological compatibility, production
cost and market competitiveness,
12
Government
data
Baseline
Current rate
(latest
annual
figures) to
be
established
during
inception
Target
(Year)
Reduction
in number
of
convictions
by 20%
(Year 4)
and 80%
(Year 8)
Target
(Year)
Increase in
job
creation by
10% (year
4), and by
25% (year
8)
Indicators at the Objective and Outcome levels are Impact indicators, indicators at the Output level are Process indicators
70
Notes and
Assumptions
Sufficientlyfeasible crop
types exist and
are successfully
identified.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
projected returns and job-creation
potential.
Output 3A.2: A supply chain review
to identify and overcome input
inefficiencies (raw materials and
agricultural inputs, transport and
logistics, processing, clearance,
documentation and quality
assurance) and to identify potential
opportunities to increase local
value-added through upstream
processing, packaging and
marketing.
Output 3A.3: Establishment of
agricultural sector producers’ and
traders’ associations (under the
auspices of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands Chamber of
Commerce), to facilitate intraindustry and industry-Administration
cooperation in instituting norms and
guidelines for sustainable
production.
Output 3A.4: An entrepreneur
training programme to catalyze the
development of locally-owned
small- and medium-sized highvalue agricultural enterprises and
cooperatives
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Review completed
and report
produced
Final report received and accepted for
implementation by the Steering Committee
and Territorial Department of Agriculture
Association
established and
active
Copy of articles of association and charter
membership list. Minutes of association
meetings and annual reports
Programme
successfully
implemented
Programme final report, indicating
numbers of entrepreneurs trained and
enterprises established/ strengthened
71
Notes and
Assumptions
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Output 3A.5: Microfinance and
small-business finance
programmes to provide start-up and
expansion capital for local
enterprises and cooperatives in the
high-value agriculture sector
Output 3B.1: Review and update
existing eco-tourism master-plans
and proposals Tourism review, to
prepare an updated eco-tourism
sectoral strategy for the A&N
Islands that reflects current industry
standards and practices, global
best-practice for eco-tourism and
the latest scientific knowledge on
sustainable tourism and low-impact
tourism strategies.
Output 3B.2: Facilitate an active
tourism association, encompassing
tourism-sector players such as
hoteliers, resort operators, tour
agencies and tour guides, transport
operators, dive operators and
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Programme
successfully
implemented
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
Programme annual and final reports,
indicating number of loans and total
funding disbursed.
Programme
funding is made
available via
financial
institutions such
as ANIDCO,
NABARD and
A&N State
Cooperative
Bank and
scheduled
banks.
Project progress reports indicating
strengthening of environmental criteria
while screening of proposals by
microfinance institutions.
Updated ecotourism strategy
developed and
accepted
Copy of strategy document, minutes of
Steering Committee meeting accepting
and endorsing report, documentation from
A&N Tourism Department indicating
acceptance of findings
RTA established
and active
Copy of articles of association (including
clear description of self-regulation
mechanisms) and charter membership list.
Minutes of association meetings and
annual reports
72
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
restaurateurs. This Association will
work with the Administration to
develop and implement clear and
comprehensive guidelines and
standards for sustainable tourism,
and will act as a self-regulating
mechanism for the tourism industry.
Output 3B.3: Establish a tourism
industry entrepreneurship
development programme in
partnership with IP&T and
ANIIDCO) to identify and support
small- and medium-scale domestic
tourism enterprises, focusing on
secondary and support services
such as local guides, small-scale
boat and dive operators, home-stay
programmes, handicraft and food
and beverage stores. The
programme will provide assistance
in areas such as training on market
feasibility assessments, business
management, product development
and marketing, microfinance and
small-scale finance.
Output 3B.4: Establish and support
broad-based, participatory process
to devise and market a tourism
identity for the Andaman Islands
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Programme
successfully
implemented
Programme final report, indicating
numbers of tourism entrepreneurs trained,
types of training provided and enterprises
established/ strengthened
‘Brand Andamans’
developed and
adopted
Branding strategy document, progress
reports indicating implementation of
branding support activities
73
Notes and
Assumptions
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
that highlights and celebrates
ecological diversity and
environmental sustainability as key
elements.
Output 3C.1: Work with existing
island-wide coastal and reef
fisheries management plan, to
ensure that future fisheries
operations are environmentallysustainable.
Output 3C.2: A fisheries sector
development to assist local fishing
communities in upgrading
equipment, technical skills and
resources to meet sustainability
requirements while maintaining or
increasing incomes and jobcreation in the sector.
Output 3C.3: Supply chain review
and upstream development plan to
increase value-added from fisheries
operations through improved
handling, value-added processing
and improved marketing links with
key markets.
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Notes and
Assumptions
Management plan
developed and
implemented
Copy of management plan, minutes of
Steering Committee meeting indicating
acceptance and endorsement,
documentation from Fisheries Department
indicating acceptance of plan
recommendations. Project progress
reports indicating progress of plan
implementation
Copy of development plan, minutes of
Steering Committee meeting indicating
acceptance and endorsement. Project
progress reports indicating progress of
plan implementation, number of fisheries
operators assisted and types of
assistance/ improvement provided
Sector incomes
and jobs can be
maintained while
staying within
fisheries stock
carrying capacity
limits
Plan developed
and implemented
Review completed
and plan
implemented
Copy of review document and
development plan, and minutes of Steering
Committee meetings indicating
acceptance and endorsement.
74
Adequate
Government
resources are
made available
for full
implementation
of upstream
development
plan.
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Outcome 4: Effective project
monitoring and evaluation, lessons
learning and adaptive management
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
IMPACT ON
RESPONSE
MEASURES:
N.A.
Output 4.1Effective project
management systems established
and functioning including
mechanisms to ensure adaptive
management
N.A.
Output 4.2 Detailed project
implementation plan with clear
targets and milestones prepared
and revised periodically according
to agreed schedule
Output 4.3: A monitoring and
evaluation strategy and financing
plan developed and applied
N.A.
N.A.
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
Verifier
APRs, PIRs,
TPRs, PSC
and PTC
records; MTE
&
Terminal
Evaluation
Reports
Baseline
N.A.
Target
(Year)
Systems developed and agreed during
Inception Phase after Project Team
recruited and key management and
technical committees in place. Periodic
review and revision of effectiveness of
management systems as part of regular
project cycle management. Verified
through: Inception Workshop Report,
AWPs, APR/PIR/TPR and other standard
project and UNDP/GEF planning and
monitoring procedures.
PIPs & monitoring reports
Review and refining of logframe at the
start of Inception Phase, including
development of quantifiable impact
75
Notes and
Assumptions
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Component
Impact and
Process
Indicators12
Means of Verification, Impact Indicator
Baselines and Targets
facilitating effective adaptive project
management
Output 4.4: Strategies developed and
applied for regular analysis, documentation
and dissemination of lessons learnt,
including mechanisms to for feedback to
relevant stakeholders to ensure effective
adaptive project management as well as
for wider dissemination nationally and
internationally.
Notes and
Assumptions
indicators at outcome level together with
detailed M&E strategy developed by end
of Inception Phase. All relevant baselines
established during Inception Phase.
Periodic work and budget planning.
Verified through Inception Workshop
Report, AWPs, PIPs, APR/PIR/TPR and
other standard project and UNDP/GEF
planning and monitoring procedures.
Strategies described and their application
monitored. Verified through Inception
Workshop Report, PIPs, APR/PIR/TPR
and other standard project and
UNDP/GEF planning and monitoring
procedures. Lessons learnt documents.
Dissemination mechanisms.
N.A.
SECTION III : TOTAL BUDGET AND WORKPLAN
Award ID:
Award Title:
Project ID:
Project Title:
Implementing Partner/ Executing Agency
GEF
Outcome/Atlas
Activity
OUTCOME 1:
Governance
Context
Responsible
Party/
Implementing
Agency
Andaman &
Nicobar
Administration
00043235
PIMS 565 BD FSP: A&N Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically
00050350
PIMS 565 BD FSP: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-Sustainable Island Development
A&N Administration
Source of
Funds
GEF
ERP/Atlas Budget
Description
71200
71300
71600
International
Consultants
Local Consultant
Travel
Amount
2006 (USD)
Amount
2007 (USD)
26,667
41,667
41,666
15,000
15,000
140,000
58,534
19,200
58,534
26,200
22,532
17,200
9,200
14,200
9,200
8,200
158,000
85,000
76
Amount
2008
(USD)
Amount
2009
(USD)
Amount
2010
(USD)
Amount
2011
(USD)
Amount
2012
(USD)
Amount
2013
(USD)
TOTAL
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
72100
72300
74500
OUTCOME 2:
Awareness &
Attitudes
Andaman &
Nicobar
Administration
GEF
71300
71600
72100
72300
72500
74500
OUTCOME 3:
Environmentally
Sustainable
Income
Generation
Andaman &
Nicobar
Administration
GEF
71200
71300
71600
72100
72300
72500
74500
Contractual Services
Companies
Materials & Goods
Misc. expenses
Sub Total
Local Consultant
Travel
Contractual Services
Companies
Materials & Goods
Supplies
Misc. expenses
Sub Total
International
Consultants
Local Consultant
Travel
Contractual Services
Companies
Materials & Goods
Supplies
Misc. expenses
Sub Total
96,000
126,000
46,000
42,000
30,000
340,000
5,250
67,800
273,451
12,500
10,000
56,250
5,250
67,800
325,451
12,500
10,000
56,250
5,250
56,800
189,448
12,500
8,000
24,750
3,250
55,000
138,650
12,500
8,000
24,750
2,000
64,400
4,500
2,000
6,000
0
4,500
2,000
6,000
0
4,500
2,000
6,000
0
4,500
2,000
6,000
21,000
247,400
991,400
68,000
44,000
186,000
21,500
5,500
23,500
129,250
80,00
21,500
5,500
23,500
129,250
35,800
12,500
5,500
13,500
76,750
27,800
12,500
5,500
13,500
76,750
12,800
2,500
2,500
500
18,000
4,800
2,500
2,500
500
18,000
4,800
2,500
2,500
500
18,000
2,500
2,500
500
18,000
11,000
18,600
122,500
442,33
22,266
85,833
33,233
11,666
13,333
25,733
8,666
13,334
17,733
4,666
17,733
4,666
3,335
670
2,000
1,000
9,000
172,100
2,000
1,000
30,000
221,132
77
29,000
115,032
27,000
87,533
19,000
46,199
19,000
46,199
1,000
5,005
78,000
32,000
76,000
484,000
86,000
108,767
71,200
235,000
4,000
2,000
134,000
693,200
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
GEF
Outcome/Atl
as Activity
OUTCOME
4: Adaptive
Project
Management
13 and
Monitoring
and
Evaluation14
Responsible
Party/Impleme
ntingAgency
Andaman &
Nicobar
Administration
Source
of
Funds
GEF
ERP/Atlas Budget
Description
71200
71300
71600
72100
72300
72500
74500
International
Consultants
Local Consultant
Travel
Contractual
Services
Companies
Equipments
Supplies
Misc. expenses
Sub Total
TOTAL
Amount
2006
(USD)
39,000
Amount
2007
(USD)
15,000
Amount
2008
(USD)
15,000
Amount
2009
(USD)
45,000
Amount
2010
(USD)
15,000
Amount
2011
(USD)
15,000
Amount
2012
(USD)
15,000
Amount
2013
(USD)
51,000
TOTAL
62,000
26,000
15,000
62,000
20,000
15,000
62,000
20,000
15,000
82,000
28,000
15,000
62,000
20,000
15,000
62,000
20,000
15,000
62,000
20,000
15,000
92,000
30,000
15,000
546,000
184,000
120,000
3,750
8,000
10,000
163,750
3,750
8,000
6,000
129,750
3,750
8,000
6,000
129,750
3,750
8,000
12,000
193,750
3,750
8,000
6,000
129,750
3,750
8,000
6,000
129,750
3,750
8,000
6,000
129,750
3,750
8,000
14,000
213,750
30,000
64,000
66,000
1,220,000
738,551
805,583
510,980
496,683
258,349
193,949
152,755
231,750
3,388,600
210,000
Summary of Funds:
GEF
A&N
Administration
Total
13
14
738,551
805,583
510,980
496,683
258,349
193,949
152,755
231,750
3,388,600
1,055,632
1,568,531
1,420,235
682,402
567,150
491,150
146,750
66,750
5,998,600
1,794,183
2,374,114
1,931,215
1,179,085
825,499
685,099
299,505
298,500
9,387,200
The total budget for Adaptive Project Management is US$ 653,000, which is ~19.3 % of the total GEF budget
The indicative budget for Monitoring and Evaluation has been provided in Annex H-2 in page 42, which amounts to US$ 567,000.
78
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
SECTION IV: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
PART I : CO-FINANCING LETTER
79
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
80
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
LETTER OF ENDORSEMENT FROM MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
81
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
PART II : TERMS OF REFERENCES FOR KEY PROJECT STAFF AND MAIN SUB-CONTRACTS
137.
The broad terms of reference for the following are provided below:
i. Project Review Committee
ii. Project Steering Committee
iii. Project Technical Committee
iv. Project Director
v. Project Manager
138.
The terms of reference for the above committees and positions are indicative and
will have to be revisited and finalized during the early part of the Project
Inception phase with inputs from the relevant key stakeholders.
139.
The terms of reference for the project team located at HVADA comprising
specialists in high value agriculture, tourism and fisheries sectors; staff ecologist
and capacity development specialist; and other full or part-time administrative
staff will be developed during the early part of the Project Inception Phase.
Project Review Committee
140.
Project implementation may be reviewed at Union Territory level by a Project
Review Committee (PRC). The PRC will be headed by the Lieutenant Governor
of A&N Islands. Its membership will be determined during the Project Inception
Phase.
141.
The PRC will ensure that:

Project implementation is consistent with national and Territorial development
policies.

The Ministry of Home Affairs, Planning Commission and Island Development
Authority at the central level are kept informed about policy implications
emerging from the project and lessons for wider replication.

Necessary advice is provided on the request of Project Steering Committee in
terms of modification/changes required with respect to policy frameworks as
well as financial and institutional systems.

Lessons from project experience are fed into future programming in the Islands.

Facilitation of the interface with national ministries and agencies as and when
requested by the Project Steering Committee.

Make available together with the Project Technical Comittee good practices
available from India and outside that are relevant to the project’s scope and areas
of intervention are made available to the project.
82
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Project Steering Committee
142.
Project implementation will be overseen by a Project Steering Committee (PSC),
chaired by the Chief Secretary, which will be responsible for ensuring that the
project is implemented in line with the agreed project design.
143.
The National Programme Director will serve as Member Secretary. Members are
expected to assure continuity in representation (by position) for smooth
implementation of the programme. PSC meetings will be held at least twice a
year.
144.
Key responsibilities of PSC include:











To provide general oversight and policy direction to the project
To approve the Project Implementation Plan and the project’s annual plans and
budget allocations;
To ensure project is implemented in accordance with agreed project design and in
line with the Project Implementation Plan to be developed during the Inception
Phase and the more detailed Annual Workplans & Budgets
To approve the selection process and appointment of a selection committee for
recruiting key Project Staff such as the Project Manager and any major
subcontracts and consultancies, comprising amongst others, representatives from
PSC, MoEF and UNDP. The committee should have 5-6 people and be chaired by
the PSC Chairman or his representative. Recruitment shall be in accordance with
the relevant government and UNDP rules.
The PSC is also empowered to constitute additional sub-committees to address
specific issues, such as a small Management Committee to oversee the day to day
management of the project. The committee could be chaired by the Chairman of
the PSC or his representative, with members drawn from key partner agencies
from A&N as well as MoEF and UNDP. The TORs for the Management
Committee shall be developed and agreed during the early part of the Inception
Phase.
Promote inter-sectoral coordination and collaboration to support project
activities;
Coordinate with all relevant stakeholders nationally and locally to avoid
duplication of activities;
Communicate the Annual Progress Reports (APR) prior to the annual Tripartite
Review Meetings;
Review project performance and major findings and recommend mid-course
corrections, if any,
Ensure that the project strategies and plans to remain relevant to the territorial
and local contexts;
Support replication or scaling up of successful actions.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT

Steering committee members are to serve as the focal point for their departments
and take any project-specific issues for action or as maybe appropriate.
Project Technical Committee
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145.
The Project Technical Committee (PTC) will be constituted on the
recommendation of the Project Steering Committee. The PTC will comprise
scientific and technical experts on the Islands’ ecology, economy and social
structure and environment; as well as experts from the 3 key sectors covered by
the project, namely tourism, fisheries and agriculture. It may also include privatesector leaders from these key economic sectors as well as individuals with
expertise on the Islands’ development and policy framework. The Technical
Committee will provide input into project management by:
Providing the technical inputs and guidance required to achieve the project’s
outcomes and objectives
Provide technical inputs and guidance for the development of an effective M&E
system for the project in line with UNDP/GEF requirements, including the
development of adequate baselines for M&E, measurable impact and
performance indicators, and methods of measuring indicators regularly
Recommend how M&E findings are to be applied to project management where
relevant and monitor the process
Provide inputs into the terms of reference for technical studies
Review the reports of technical studies and project study reports;
Assessing technical outputs such as policy documents and guidelines;
Making recommendations on possible solutions to problems encountered;
Recommending best practices from other initiatives in India and elsewhere.
The Technical Committee will be kept informed of project progress and outputs
on a circulation basis, via electronic mail or other suitable mechanisms. Formal
meetings of the Technical Committee will be held on a yearly basis. Other ad-hoc
meetings may also be held, upon invitation by the Project Steering Committee
when required.
Project Director
146.
The Project Director will be appointed by Project Steering Committee with
approval form MOEF as may be appropriate. The overall responsibility for
managing and implementing of the project will rest with the Project Director,
who will be supported by a Project Management Unit comprising Project
Manager and a team of specialists. Key responsibilities include:

Guide and supervise the Project Manager and team of specialists to prepare the
project Implementation Plan and Annual Workplans and and ensure that these
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
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are in accordance with the Project Steering Committee guidance, including
relevant guidance from Sub-committees established by the PSC;
Ensure coordination within various relevant departments and other technical
departments for smooth operation of the project at Union Territory level and at
the demonstration sites as well as replication;
Facilitate necessary linkages with NGOs, public representatives, local
government and technical and research institutions;
Participate in the relevant project committees constituted under the project;
Act as the government representative of the project during review meetings,
evaluations, and discussions;
Support recruitment of candidates, national and international, for long term and
short term assignments for the project;
Assume direct responsibility for the government co-finance.
Project Manager
147.
The Project Manager will work under the direct guidance of and report to the
Project Director and in accordance with decisions of the Project Steering
Committee and its subcommittees, GEF-UNDP provisions. The Project Manager
will be selected through procedures defined by the Project Steering Committee
and in accordance with government and UNDP rules. Key responsibilities
include:

Develop an overall work plan (the Project Implementation Plan) and annual
work plans and respective budgets for the specific components as per agreed-to
formats for submission to UNDP and consistent with the envisaged outcomes
and objectives outlined in the project document;
Participate in the recruitment of, and supervise project team comprising full-time
sector specialists and support staff as well as subcontractors/consultants,
maintaining strong quality control and providing advisory support as required;
Manage the project team including the provision of space for them and ensuring
easy access to all project partners and stakeholders;
Manage the project budget including disbursement and verification according to
approved work plans and budgets;
Supervise timely preparation and submission of quarterly and annual progress
reports, work plans, budgets, and financial plans and reports as required;
Undertake monitoring of the project as specified in the Project Document and in
accordance with the M&E system to be further developed during the Inception
Phase.
Provide technical inputs to the project and facilitate internal and external
evaluations;
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
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Maintain close coordination/linkages with concerned line agencies, NGOs and
other field partner agencies and keep them fully informed and supportive of the
project activities through formal and informal interactions;
Supervise the procurement and maintenance of project equipment.
Act as a regular liaison with the UNDP Country Office, government agencies, cofunders, and other project partners;
Ensure the systematic transfer of responsibilities, authority and ownership of the
project to the relevant institutions and community;
Ensure sharing and flow of information in a transparent manner among all
groups as appropriate;
Undertake responsibility for resource mobilization and development of
partnerships;
Liaise with other relevant projects in India (including GEF projects) for the
sharing of learning and experience and promote the sharing of lessons learning
nationally and internationally.
PART III : STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT PLAN
148.
The PDF B phase of the project involved an intensive process of stakeholder
involvement at different levels, including local communities, Central
Government, A&N Administration, NGOs, research institutions and the private
sector. Most of the key stakeholders involved in the PDF B phase will also be
involved in project implementation.
149.
The stakeholders analysis (para 49) broadly identified the key stakeholders of the
project who in addition to the above groups include financial institutions,
community-based organisations and public representatives such as the Panchayti
Raj representatives. The role of different stakeholders is briefly outlined in
Paragraph 49. A detailed Stakeholder Involvement Plan will be developed based
on further analysis during the Inception Phase. This will include refining the
roles of different key stakeholders from different sectors, their interest in the
project and an assessment of their capacity to carry out their roles and engage in
different aspects of the project.
150.
The engagement could range from being partners in design and implementation
of specific activities to involvement in monitoring and evaluation, providing
need-based technical advice, formulation of environmentally sound policy
frameworks, guidelines and standards, participating in capacity building and
training, research, policy influence and facilitating necessary linkages with
networks/resource organisations.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
151.
To this end, the project implementation will include consultative and
participatory mechanisms and processes such as participatory appraisal,
workshops, multi-stakeholder consultations, participatory monitoring.
152.
Mechanisms for learning and knowledge sharing will be established to create a
two-way process of sharing lessons and strengthening implementation to
encompass different levels ranging from local (e.g., project site, local
government) to state, national and international.
153.
The mid-term and final evaluation will include stakeholder involvement in the
methodology and will project authorities will facilitate interface of the external
evaluators with stakeholders.
154.
The Project Steering Committee and the PMU will ensure that all key
stakeholders are consulted and kept informed about the project’s progress and
periodically review their roles and engagement in the project during the course
of implementation. The project will seek to facilitate partnerships among
different stakeholders to strengthen implementation and for post-project
sustainability.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
PART IV: OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
IV-A: Detailed Map of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
IV-B: Global Significance Of The Terrestrial Ecology Of The Andamans – An Overview
Flora
Floristically, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands show elements from the Indo-Chinese
and Indo-Malayan and 3,552 plant species have been so far reported (Sreekumar, 2002).
Dipterocarps are represented in the Andamans group and are absent in the Nicobars
(Chaudhuri, 1992). On the other hand, the Nicobars have tree ferns and other groups of
plants that are of Indo-Malayan and Indonesian affinities (Lakshminarasimhan &
Sreekumar, 1995).
Forest types represented outside tidal influence include evergreen, semi-evergreen and
deciduous. The flora and the history of early botanical explorations of these islands was
first described by Parkinson (1923), a classic which is now outdated. Currently 40 plant
species are extremely localised and not known from more than one locality. 85 species
are recorded as rare, endangered and threatened, and the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre (WCMC) has classified 365 as threatened (WCMC, 1994; Sreekumar,
2002; Andrews & Sankaran, 2002; ANET, 2003). The IUCN Red List of ‘Threatened
Species’ lists 397 animals and plant species for the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago.
Of the 630 species of higher plants in the Red Data Book, 46 species occur in the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands. In Great Nicobar Island alone, 648 species have been
identified of which 13.11% are endemic (Sinha, 1999). Aroids, ferns, mosses and
climbers are conspicuous in the semi-evergreen and deciduous forests, besides six
species of bamboo and seven species of cane are found in the islands. There are 120
orchid species reported from both island groups, of which seven are endemic and eight
are listed as rare and endangered. Gopal (1990) reported 107 epiphyte species for two
localities in South Andaman Island alone. Ellis (1987) reported 120 species of
pteridophytic flora from 36 families for both island groups and, Tigga and Sreekumar
(1996) have reported 76 species of wild edible fruits for the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands and of these, 45 are know to be utilised by the indigenous people of both island
groups.
Dagar and Sharma (1989) have classified the mangrove types into 19 communities and
associations on the basis of structure and species composition. A total of 34 exclusive
mangrove species among 17 genera and 13 families have been recorded for the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dagar et al., 1991).
Fauna
The only primate, the Nicobar crab eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrasa) occurs
in the southern group of the Nicobar Islands. Miller (1902) was the first to list most of
the mammals for both Island groups. Since then over 60 species (of which 33 are
endemic), has been reported for both island groups and these include several species of
shrews that are endemic, rats and a palm civet cat (Paguma larvata tytleri). Others
include bats, 12 species in the Nicobars and 16 in the Andamans (Nath & Chaturvedi,
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
1975; Chakraborty, 1978; Saha, 1980; Das, 1997; 1998; Aul, 2003; Aul & Vijayakumar,
2003). Invertebrate groups represented include spiders (62 species); the butterfly
diversity is very high and a total of 214 species and 236 subspecies in 116 genera have
been reported (Khatri, 1993). Among the avifauna, 40% of the 244 species and
subspecies of birds are endemic (Sankaran, 1993; 1995; 1996). Other species recorded
include, dragonflies (36 species); termites (26 species); holothurians (68 species); chitons
(13 species); hermit crabs (38 species); copepods (172 species); amphipods (110 species);
polychaetes (186 species); and nematodes (54 species). The giant robber crab (Brigus
latro) occurs in the southern Nicobars, in South Bay in Little Andaman and South
Sentinel Islands (Davis & Altevogt, 1976; Andrews & Sankaran, 2002; ANET, 2003).
The reptile and amphibian fauna comprises over 125 species and is diverse with an
assemblage of several species of lizards, geckos, snakes, frogs, toads and four species of
marine turtles. The mega species in the Andamans includes the king cobra (Ophiophagus
hannah) and the Andaman cobra (Naja sagittifera), water monitor lizard (Varanus
salvator), and the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus). In the Nicobars the mega
herpetofauna includes the Malayan box turtle (Cuora amboinensis) on Great and Little
Nicobar Islands, the sunbeam snake (Xenopeltis unicolor), the saltwater crocodile
(Crocodylus porosus), the reticulated python (Python reticulatus) in the southern Nicobar
group, besides several species of pit vipers (Das, 1994; Whitaker & Captain, 2004). Four
species of marine turtles, leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea), hawksbill turtle
(Eretmochelys imbricata), green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the olive ridley turtle
(Lepidochelys olivacea) also feed and nest around the Andaman and Nicobars (Bhaskar,
1993; Das, 1994; Daniels & David, 1996; Das, 1999; Andrews & Whitaker, 1998, ANET,
2003, Krishnan, 2003; Vijayakumar, 2003). Das, (1999) has discussed the biogeography
of the herpetofauna for these islands and Andrews, (2001) and Andrews et al. (2001)
have discussed the various impacts and threats.
Species Richness, Diversity and Site Specifics
Species richness and diversity are very high in areas and islands where more intensive
surveys and studies have been conducted. Of the 27 species of reptiles and amphibians
recorded for Mount Harriet National Park, 12 species are endemic and these represent
80% recorded for the Andaman Islands (Das, 1997). Chanda (1996; 1997) reported 120
species of moths for the same park and several of these species are new additions to the
moth fauna of India. The avifauna in Mount Harriet National Park is also diverse and
very important; of the 88 species recorded 49 are endemic (Chanda & Rajan, 1996).
Balachandran (1998) recorded 393 plant and tree species; of which 74 are endemic again
this is for Mount Harriet National Park. Gopal (1990) reported 79 epiphytic species on
72 host tree on Mount Harriet; this is in comparison to two other sites sampled where
the author found only 29 and 33 epiphytic species. The same author also reported the
maximum number of epiphytic species found on one host tree from Mount Harriet. Of
the 107 epiphytic species recorded for South Andamans 79 were from Mount Harriet
National Park alone. As per Sinha (1999) Great Nicobar Island has 422 genera,
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
belonging to 142 families of which 14 % is endemic. Ellis in 1987 reported 120 species of
pteridophytes for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 50% of which is from Great
Nicobar Island alone. Of the reported 24 species of rare and six common orchids, eight
are found only on Great Nicobar Island (Ellis, 1987) and Sinha et al. (1999) in their study
of the great Nicobar Island recorded two more endemics, two genera and four species
as new records for India. Currently Gupta et al., (2004) have reported four new records
from Great Nicobar Island.
Aul (2003) reported 13 species of bats for the Rani Jhansi Marine National Park
(RJMNP) and this is 50% of the 26 species reported for the Andaman Islands and these
included three new records and an endemic. Das (1998) and Deb (1998) have reported
on the mammals, birds and the herpetofauna for RJMNP that include endemic species
and Maheswaren (1998) has reported on the fauna for each island in the RJMNP. Two
freshwater fishes were recorded from Saddle Peak National Park, a secondary
freshwater fish Sicyopterus microcephalus could turn out as an endemic, the other species
identified, Belobranchus belobranchusa, from the same park is a new record for the
islands. Like wise several other species were recorded from Mount Harriet National
Park and some of these will be new species descriptions and new records for the islands
(Lim & Das, in prep; Ali et. al., 2002).
Endemism
The complex geological history of these islands and the submergence of land bridges
leading to isolation have left the islands with high levels of endemism. The widespread
distribution of certain species indicates that there was an early evolution and dispersal
throughout the archipelago (Das, 1999). Endemism in reptiles and amphibians appear
relative to species richness, islands with larger diversity have greater number of
endemics (Das, 1999). This is also evident from recent herpetofauna studies conducted
in the Nicobar group of islands (Krishnan, 2003; Vijayakumar, 2003).
Among the avifauna, 40% of the 244 species and subspecies of birds are endemic
(Sankaran, 1996). In mammals, 60% of the 58 species are endemic; these include bats,
shrews and rats. Seven amphibians and 16 reptile species are endemic to the Andamans
and two amphibians and 15 reptiles are endemic to the Nicobars (Das, 1994, Andrews
and Whitaker, 1998; Das, 1999; Andrews & Sankaran, 2002, Krishnan, 2003). The
endemic Andaman cobra was only redescribed as a separate species in the mid 1990s
(Wüster, 1996; 1998). More recently, Vijayakumar (2003) has reported three ranidae as
new to science from the Nicobar Islands. The two water monitor lizards found in the
Andamans and the other in the Nicobars are being reported as two different species and
these could be endemics (Das, per. com.). Several species of pit vipers found in the
central Nicobar group are not found in the northern and southern groups and several of
these could be endemic and are locality specific (Das, 1999; Vijayakumar, 2003;
Whitaker & Captain, 2004).
Representing 700 genera and belonging to 140 families, 14% of the angiosperm species
are endemic (Rao, 1996). Among the non-endemic angiosperms about 40% are not
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
found in mainland India, but have only extra-Indian distribution in South East Asia
(Rao, 1996). The only vanilla, Vanilla andamanica, a climbing orchid found in the
Andaman Islands is an endemic (Sreekumar, 2002). Of the 648 flora species on Great
Nicobar Island, 13.11% are endemic (Sinha, 1999). In butterflies endemism is highly
impressive, over 50% (Khatri, 1993). The Andamans have several species of freshwater
fishes that are endemic and new to science and, are being reported from specific
localities within the Andamans (Lim & Das, in prep; Ali, et al., 2003). Thus, considering
the size and area of the islands, loss of habitat leading to extinctions will have far
greater consequences in terms of the loss of genetic diversity and also extinction of
species (Andrews & Sankaran, 2002; ANET, 2003).
Additional comments:
The interesting factor about the rainforests in the Andamans is that they are a mix of
elements both from the Indian subcontinent as well as from SE Asia. The endemics
originate from both these floras/faunas. The Nicobars have Sundaic elements, and this
is probably the only location where all three biogeographical regions are represented.
The forests have evolved in the absence of large herbivores, and their structure
probably reflects this, in a manner not yet understood. In terms of both species and
basal area, they are depauperate compared to the mainland, as is characteristic of island
ecosystems. Very little effort has gone into the study of the flora of the rainforests of
these islands and the available results suggest that major biological discoveries remain
to be made, and this effort has to be made before the ecosystems are destroyed. There
are two aspects to this: more inventory effort and ecosystem studies, as well as steps to
protect these ecosystems.
This is also the only place in the region where islands are far enough from the mainland
areas for invasives to have an amplified effect. Control strategies devised here are likely
to be replicable over a much wider area.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
IV-C: Interim Judgments of Supreme Court Ruling of May 2002
W.P (C) No. 202 OF 1995
UPON hearing the counsel, the Court made the following:
ORDER
________________________________________________________________________
After hearing the learned Amicus Curiae, counsel for the parties and taking into
consideration the affidavit of the Union of India - Ministry of Environment and Forests
in relation to survey of ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the learned Amicus
Curiae has made certain suggestions.
There does not seem to be any objection to this Court in accepting the Report of Shri.
Shekhar Singh that some modifications have been suggested. We therefore, in the first
instance, accept the Report of Shri. Shekhar Singh.
On a query being raised by us, Mr. Altaf Ahmed, learned Additional Solicitor
General, appearing for The Union Territory of Andaman & Nicobar Islands on
instructions informed the Court that there is no social forestry in Andaman & Nicobar
Islands. The wood which is being cut is from the natural forest and plantation of teak,
etc. has taken place in the forest, which had been worked and approximating 40,000
cubic metres of wood is cut from the forest annually for the purposes of the small mills
the total logging of wood being approximately 1,30,000 cubic metres per year. In the
last two years, this figure has come down but the fact remains that instead of resorting
to social forestry and thereby providing employment to the people in growing forest at
the present moment the natural forests are being cut and the timber sawn.
Andaman & Nicobar Islands is one of the hot spots and is in the eco-fragile area and
has, therefore, the eco-diversity thereby has to be preserved. For this, it is essential that
the natural forest is protected and re-generation allowed to take place.
We are also informed that the existing saw-mills have a subsisting license valid till
30th March, 2003. The saw-mills and the other wood-based industries in the Andaman
& Nicobar Islands are not permitted to cut the trees and supplies to them are made only
by the Government itself or through its Corporation. Some of these saw-mills and
industries have logs of wood and sawn timber in their stock. It would therefore be
iniquitous to deprive them of an opportunity to utilise the stock for which payment has
been made to the Government for the purchase of wood. However, it is to be borne in
mind that fresh logging of wood must cease immediately.
After taking all facts and circumstances into consideration, we issue the following
directions:
1. All felling of trees from the forest of little Andaman Islands, the national park
and sanctuaries, the tribal reserves and all other areas shall stand suspended.
2. For the areas in which there are working plans, the Government through the
Chief Secretary shall disclose on an affidavit I. The extent of felling and re-generation permitted under these working plans
during the last 10 years.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
II. The compliance with re-generation/re-plantation/re-forestation targets
under the working plans and reasons if any for the shortfall.
3. The working plan of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands should be re-worked on
the basis as was applied to the State of M.P. and others, namely that before any
felling of trees, there should first be compulsory afforestation/re-generation, the
felling permissions would be based upon the extent of re-generation of forest
undertaken and not the other way round.
4. No felling of tree (under the working plan or otherwise) shall be permitted for
meeting any raw material requirements of the plywood, veneer, black board,
match stick or any other wood-based industry.
5. In drawing up the new working plans the Government shall formulate a
Committee with one Ecologist who is proficient with the ecology of Andaman.
6. The working plans so formulated shall be placed before this Court within a
period of twelve weeks.
7. The trees felled under the working plan in the manner indicated aforesaid
should be utilised for the requirements of the local inhabitants.
8. The licenses of all the saw-mills and wood-based industries shall not be renewed
after 31st March, 2003. This will not debar the authorities from canceling licenses
in accordance with law, if there is no breach of the License Committee by the
Licensees before that date.
9. The ecology of the area does not permit any kind of industrial activity for which
the wood is likely to be consumed. Therefore, licenses of wood-based industries
shall stand cancelled but they will be permitted to exhaust the existing stock till
31st March, 2003.
10. The Union of India if it so adopts and thinks appropriate may take steps for relocating the dislocated wood-based industries in the main land area anywhere in
India as long as it is not within the vicinity of forest area. Henceforth for meeting
the local requirements it is only the Government saw-mills which shall operate.
No fresh wood
or logs shall be given to any of the saw-mills or the woodbased industries till fresh working plans are prepared and submitted to this
Court and the approval obtained.
11. With immediate effect, there will be no movement of logs or timber in any form
including sawn timber from Andaman & Nicobar Islands to any part of India or
anywhere else.
12. Regularisation of encroachments on forest land in any form, including
allotment/use of forest land for agricultural or horticultural purposes, shall be
strictly prohibited.
13. All those families who have been identified as having encroached on forest land
prior to 1978 and have not yet shifted to their allotted rehabilitation sites, shall be
given one month's notice to vacate their encroachments and shift to the allotted
land. Failing this, their allotment shall be cancelled and they shall be forcibly
evicted within three months of the deadline being over, without any further
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
claim to land or any other form of rehabilitation. Such notices should be issued
within six weeks.
14. Similarly, those among the pre-1978 families that have shifted to their allotted
sites but have occupied more land than they were entitled to shall also be given
one month's notice to vacate the extra land occupied by them. On the expiry of
this notice period, the allotments of those who have not complied with this notice
shall be cancelled and they should be forcibly evicted within three months,
without any further claim to compensation or land. Such notices should be
issued within six weeks.
15. All post 1978 forest encroachments shall be completely removed within three
months.
16. For the eviction of encroachers, an effective action plan shall be prepared and
implemented under direct supervision, monitoring and control of a Committee
under the Chairmanship of the Lt. Governor with Chief Secretary, Principal
Chief Conservator of Forests and reputed NGO representatives, its members.
The Chief Secretary, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, shall file every month an
affidavit about progress of eviction of encroachments.
17. The process of issue of identity cards to all the residents shall be completed
within a period of six months.
18. The extraction of sand shall be phased out @ minimum 20% per year on reducing
balance basis to bring the sand mining to the level of 33% of the present level of
mining within a maximum period of 5 years.
19. The approvals accorded by Ministry of Environment & Forests under the Forest
(Conservation) Act, 1980, shall be reviewed by a Committee consisting of
Secretary, Environment & Forests, Director General of Forests and at least one
non-official member of the Forest Advisory Committee constituted under the
Forest (Conservation) Rules to restrict the approvals to the barest minimum
needed to serve emergent public purposes. Felling of trees shall commence only
after the process of compensatory afforestation has actually been undertaken on
the ground. In future, the proposals shall be considered for approval only after
detailed Environmental Impact Assessment has been carried out through an
independent agency identified by Ministry of Environment & Forests.
20. Specific actions shall be undertaken by Ministry of Environment &
Forests/Andaman & Nicobar Islands Administration on the other
recommendations of Shri. Shekhar Singh Report which are not specifically dealt
with in above orders. Ministry of Environment & forests and the Andaman &
Nicobar Islands Administration shall file an affidavit within three months giving
details of action taken by them on each of such recommendations.
21. Copy of this order to be sent by the Registry to the Chief Secretary, Andaman &
Nicobar Islands for information and compliance.
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ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
IV-D: REPORTS PRODUCED DURING PDF-B PHASE
AUTHORS
TITLE
Arif. M Mustafa & Dr. S. Dam Roy A comprehensive analysis of the coral ecosystem vis-à-vis
resources exploitation
Harsha H. Sirur
A rapid socio-economic assessment of threats to the coastal
environment & their root causes in the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands
N.V. Subba Rao & M.K. Dev Roy An appraisal of the mangrove fauna
P.S.N. Rao
Coastal and marine plant diversity of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands
Space Applications Centre,
Coral Reefs of the Andaman and Nicobar Group of Islands
Ahmedebad
V.V.S. Suryanaryana
Development of handicrafts in ths islands with sustainable
utilization of bio-resources.
D.V. Rao
Faunal Biodiversity - Coral Reef Fishes
S. Ajmal Khan & M.K. Dev Roy Faunal Biodiversity - Crustacea
N.V. Subba Rao
Faunal Biodiversity - Mollusca
D.V Rao
Faunal Biodiversity - Soft Coral (Alcyonacea)
D.R.K. Sastry
Faunal Biodoversity - Echinodermata
Central Electrochemical
Final report on seawater quality in the coral reef ecosystems in
Research Institute
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
M. Umamaheswara
Floral Biodiversity - Algae and Seagrasses
L. Kannan
Floral Biodiversity - Phytoplankton and Seagrasses
A.N. Ganeshamurthy, R. Dinesh
& N. Ravisankar
G.C. Rao
R. Jeyabaskaran
Directorate of Industries, A & N
Admin
Christopher Edwards.
Land Resources Atlas of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Marine ecosystems around Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Rapid assessment of coral reefs
Report of the Workshop on shell craft industry
Report on observations of coral reefs, fish species and birds
durint the voyage of S/Y "Lizard of Oz" in the Andaman Islands
N.V. Subba Rao
Report on State of the Environment in Andaman and Nicobar
Islands
C.S. Gopinadha Pilai & K.
Staus, conservation and management of corals and coral reefs
Venkataraman
of A & N Islands
L. Kannan
The flora of coral reef ecosystem of A & N Islands (Seagrasses)
P.T. Rajan
Visual census of reef fishes in Andaman and Nicobar Islands
K. Alagaraaja
Fisheries Resources Assessment of A&N islands - Present
Status and Future Programme for Development and
Management
Proceedings of Conference held Environmental Education Needs of the A&N Islands
in Port Blair, March 5-6, 1997.
C.P.R. Environmental Education
Centre.
97
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: ECOLOGICALLY-SUSTAINABLE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
World Tourism Organisation and Development strategy for environmentally sustainable tourism in
UNDP
the Andamans
98
IV-E: RESPONSE TO GEF COUNCIL COMMENTS
Country: India
Project Title: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-Sustainable Island Development
GEFSEC Project ID: 1143
UNDP Project ID: 565
Operational Program: 2
Implementing Agenc(ies): UNDP
The following are the main comments provided in the GEF COUNCIL review, and responses thereto:
COMMENT:
From Germany: In the chapter socioeconomic context and developmental
history it is stated that commercial logging
was the predominant economic sector for
decades until its ban only few years ago.
Apart from a) strengthen capacities for
conservation through land-use planning and
monitoring enforcement capacities and b)
assuming that the development of
ecotourism and agriculture will reduce loss
to forest cover and agricultural
encroachments this problem area is not
being mentioned further. Thus the question
arises with the ban on commercial logging
all tree harvesting will automatically cease
and how will the local demand for forest
RESPONSE:
The project document has been amended to correctly
reflect the ground situation in terms of current status of
mangroves and the policy framework. Till the 1980’s, the
Forest Department contributed 70-90 percent of the
state’s revenue, provided the raw material to the woodbased industries of the islands and also met the
requirements of Indian Railways in mainland market for
timber besides meeting the requirements of sawn timber
and non-timber forest produce of the local population.
However the forest working was confined to just 15
percent of the forest areas of the islands.
The Supreme Court during 2002 had put a temporary total
ban on harvesting of forest till the revision of Working
Plans. These have been revised for a few forest divisions
and forests are being worked as per their prescriptions
99
PARA REF:
Para 42
COMMENT:
resources be satisfied? It is recommended
that the project will take more into
consideration the issue of community based
forest resource management at least to
satisfy the local demand for forest resources
in a sustainable manner.
From Germany: The importance of the
mangrove ecosystem within the context of
integrated coastal zone management is
obvious and mentioned in the project
proposal. Uncontrolled harvesting of
mangrove wood for local use is prominently
stated as well as the absence of policies or
regulation on sustainable management of
mangrove areas and sustainable harvesting
of mangrove wood. Surprisingly none of the
outputs refer to this issue. This absence of a
clear strategy on how to deal with the
destructive use of mangroves should
definitely be addressed during project
implementation. Well documented examples
for sustainably managing mangrove
resources can be found in Malaysia and
other neighbouring countries.
RESPONSE:
PARA REF:
and to meet the local demand only.
Recently the Administration after consultation with the
local bodies and in technical collaboration with the
Regional Centre, National Afforestation and EcoDevelopment Board, Jadhavpur University, Kolkatta has
also notified a resolution for implementing Joint Forest
Management on an experimental basis in selected
villages. Therefore, there is no ban on tree harvesting and
in fact, the entire forest working is geared to meet the local
demand for forest resources with due emphasis on
conservation of forests and wildlife.
Since 1989, the mangroves in A&N Islands have been
afforded complete protection. The strategy adopted by A
& N Department of Environment & Forests for
conservation and management of mangrove forests
include: ban on mangrove extraction; declaration of
potential mangrove as National Parks and Sanctuaries;
eco-restoration of degraded and critical mangrove areas;
identification of endangered mangrove species for
providing full protection and rehabilitation; checking of
encroachments and reclamation of mangrove areas;
creating awareness etc. The project document has been
amended to represent the present scenario with respect
to management of mangroves in the A&N Nicobar Islands.
However, some damage to mangroves has continued
inspite of the above strategy on account of settlement and
agriculture and recently by the geological upheaval during
Tsunami in December 2004. Creating awareness and
keeping vigil on possible destruction of mangroves
throughout the vast coast line is a continuous challenge.
100
Para 4 & 25
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA REF:
The present project will continue to strengthen
government efforts in protecting and conserving
mangroves. Others’ experiences of sustainable
management of mangrove resources, such as of Malaysia
and other Asian countries, will be consulted.
From US: The log frame provides detailed
outputs but needs to provide more
information on quantifiable performance
outcome indicators.
Impact indicators with quantitative baseline and target values
for assessing project impact and progress towards impact are
provided against both the Project Objective and each of the
Outcomes. While more indicators could be added, a small
number of representative SMART indicators is preferred over
a larger number of indicators which become duplicative and
end up not being quantitatively measured because of the
amount of work required. Internal performance indicators
associated with specified outputs are built into the annual
work plans and determined in conjunction with the project
executing and implementing partners and their staff.
Consequently these cannot be developed until project
launching and are normally developed for, and agreed during,
the project inception workshop.
During project appraisal an additional outcome has been
added which deals with effective project monitoring and
evaluation, the generation, capture and transmission of
lessons, and adaptive management. This entails no
additional costs but rather, re-organizes existing project
components dealing with monitoring, evaluation and adaptive
management into a more coherent whole and in this way
strengthens project ability to objectively track quantitive
progress on impacts.
101
New Outcome 4
and additional
outputs added
to logframe
which will
ensure that the
logframe
indicators are
reviewed and
refined during
the Inception
Phase.
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
From US: On cost-effectiveness, please
provide some indication of how project
managers intend to contain costs. Are there
some examples from similarly remote island
projects that might provide useful lessons?
Significant economies in terms of cost are built into the
project through the tight integration of project activities
funded through GEF resources with those funded through
ongoing government schemes and programmes.
Additionally, considerable technical expertise and
information is available within different institutions and
departments in A&N islands thereby minimizing the costs
of technical inputs. Standard procurement rules, selection
rules and competitive bidding/selection will be used to
obtain best quality products and services at the lowest
possible cost. Such controls are effected through standard
quarterly financial advancement and reporting.
From US: Overall project objective: It
would be useful to also include other
indicators such as water quality, fish stocks,
percent of mangrove cover, and number of
keystone species?
Currently the project impact indicators focus on the extent
to which the objective of the project – Mainstreaming
biodiversity into the governance systems and key
productive sectors of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands –
has been achieved. This corresponds directly to the
objective of GEF Strategic Priority no. 2 and is reflected in
the standard GEF Tracking Tools for Biodiversity (see Part
IV-G). These will be completed again at both the mid-term
and final evaluations and hence provide objective
measures of project success in GEF terms.
Additional specific, cost-effective indicators to measure
both biodiversity and more general ecological impacts will
be identified once target project sites have been identified
during the Project Inception Phase. Baselines will also be
established during this period. Outcome 4 deals with the
establishment of a detailed internal project monitoring
system, which will undertake this work. It is anticipated
that indicators such as those suggested – water quality,
mangrove cover, fish stocks and keystone species – as
102
PARA REF:
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA REF:
well as additional ones such as coral health, soil quality,
extent of beach sand cover, evergreen forest cover and
integrity of the forest cover (extent of forest fragmentation)
and fish catch (overall catch volume, species composition
and average size of various species) will be used to show
specific impacts on globally significant biodiversity.
From US: Output 1.2: Developing
environmental guidelines, standards, and
regulations for tourism, agriculture and
fisheries should be a consultative process.
Community groups, NGOs and the private
sector need to be involved and made to feel
like they have part ownership in the
resulting guidelines, standards, and
regulations.
The A&N Administration, particularly, the A&N Department
of Environment & Forests will take the lead in this respect
so that environmental guidelines, standards and
regulations are developed for the three productive sectors
under the project – agriculture, tourism and fisheries. A
consultative process will be adopted to involve all relevant
stakeholders in order to ensure their contribution to and
greater ownership of the guidelines, standards and
regulations. The Ministry of Environment and Forests at
the central government level will provide necessary
guidance and make available good practices from India
and outside.
Section II: Part
II – Output 1.2
- Columns –
‘Impact and
process
indicators’ and
‘Notes and
Assumptions’.
Section I: Part
IStakeholder
analysis (para
49)
Para 66
Section IV:
Part III –
Stakeholder
Involvement
Plan (para
153-159)
From US: Output 1.3: In addition to a
budget, the proposed land use planning unit
should have a detailed plan of work with
quantifiable targets and projected outputs.
All project units and teams will have detailed annual work
plans with outputs and targets designed to enable the
project to reach its specified outcomes with the clear
assignment of responsibilities and accountabilities for
103
Section II:
Part II –
Output 1.3 Column –
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA REF:
each deliverable. These are developed by the teams
themselves in association with the project executing and
implementing partners and are approved by the project
steering committee. The first set of plans are normally
developed after project launching and agreed during, the
project inception workshop.
‘Means of
Verification,
Indicators,
Baseline &
Targets’
From US: Output 1.4: Does the proposal
plan to create new subsidies that will
encourage environmentally sound activities?
If so, we believe that these subsidies should
be provided with the least economic
distortion and should be phased out over
time as the industries grow and the
subsidies are no longer needed.
There is currently no specific proposal to create new
subsidies to encourage environmentally sustainable
activities. Specific strategies for achieving stated project
outcomes will be developed in Year 1. The potential
economic distortions of any proposed subsidy would be
examined closely and weighed up against likely
environmental benefits and long-term sustainability before
it was employed. The phasing out of any subsidies
introduced by the project would be built into project
design. It has been proposed under Outcome 1 that the
A&N Administration, through the Project Review and
Steering Committees, will ensure that existing fiscal
incentives and subsidies are reviewed periodically. These
committees will also monitor the implementation of
recommendations to minimize any resulting economic
distortions and unsustainable resource use patterns
resulting from such incentives or subsidies. Text has
been suitably amended in the log-frame to include these
concerns.
Section II: Part
II – Output 1.4
- Columns –
‘Means of
Verification,
Indicators,
Baseline &
Targets’ and
‘Notes and
Assumptions’
From US: Output 3A 5: We are pleased to
see the incorporation of a micro-finance
component. Does the area have a history of
micro-credit? Is there an existing micro
credit institution? How much of the budget
will be for strengthening the institution to
The A&N Islands already has institutions that are
extending microfinance and these cover all the project
sectors – agriculture, fisheries and tourism. A range of
institutions from national level agencies such as NABARD
to Union Territory level agencies such as ANIDCO, A&N
State Cooperative Bank and a number of scheduled banks
Section II: Part
II – Output 3A
5 - Columns –
‘Means of
Verification,
Indicators,
104
COMMENT:
incorporate environmental criteria and how
much will be for credit? Is the credit
program limited to the agriculture of sector
or can it also be used in the forestry or
fisheries sectors? Will the credit be
provided at market rates or will it be
subsidized?
RESPONSE:
with branches all over the Islands are involved in providing
microcredit. Microcredit is extended only after reviewing
that proposed economic enterprises/activities do not
violate prevailing laws, guidelines and policy directives,
including environment related. However, sensitization
workshops will be organized under the project to
strengthen the use of environmental criteria in the
screening process. We hope not to use any of the project
budget for microcredit but rather to access currently
underutilized micro-credit schemes operated by
institutions in A&N, notably NABARD, who have indicated
interest in partnering with the project on this aspect. Such
schemes could be extended to forestry and fisheries if
appropriate. Such credit is generally provided at lower
than the market/ commercial rates.
105
PARA REF:
Baseline &
Targets’ and
‘Notes and
Assumptions’
IV-F: L-PAC MINUTES
Minutes of the
Project Appraisal Committee Discussion
for
Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-Sustainable Island
Development
DATE:
27 MARCH TO 3 APRIL 2006
PARTICIPANTS:
PROGRAMME STAFF, UNDP-INDIA COUNTRY OFFICE
This project document has been prepared by the Andaman & Nicobar
Administration with support from UNDP India. It has been developed in close
consultation with multiple stakeholders including officials from various
departments of the Andaman and Nicobar (A&N) Administration and Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MOEF), Government of India, representatives of local
government bodies, civil society organisations, and private businesses. Since
December 2005 several rounds of discussions have been held in Port Blair as
well as in Delhi and also through telephone and email to obtain the required
inputs to finalise this project document. All of this comes on top of the
consultations and reviews that were held through the project development phase.
The PAC therefore was aimed at drawing additional comments and suggestions
from within UNDP-India on the document that had been finalized and endorsed
by the A&N Administration in writing15, and was limited to the Programme Staff in
the UNDP Country Office. Due to the non-availability of the Resident
Representative and the Senior Deputy Resident Representative (Programme) to
chair the L-PAC meeting, an E-PAC had to be held. The finalised project
document was circulated by e-mail to all programme staff in the Country Office
on 27th March 2006 and they were requested to respond with their suggestions,
comments and queries by 3rd April 2006. This was done in parallel with a
process of close consultation with the Ministry of Environment & Forests to
incorporate any further feedback on the project document from the A&N
Administration and to obtain their final endorsement.
Stakeholder consultation
Prior to the E-PAC, a stakeholder meeting was organized at Port Blair on 4
February 2006. Mr D S Negi, Chief Secretary, Andaman and Nicobar
Administration chaired the meeting. The participants included officials from the
key departments of A&N administration (agriculture, fisheries., forests) and
technical agencies (ANIDCO and CARI), as well as representatives from MOEF,
UNDP and local NGOs (such as the Society for Andaman and Nicobar Ecology,
The Andaman & Nicobar Islands Environmental Team, and Island Sangathan
15
See letter dated 28 February 2006 from the Chief Secretary of Andamans & Nicobars in
Section IV, Part I of this project document.
106
Manch). The proposal was presented and comments requested from the
participants on the document. The document was reviewed, revised (based on
their verbal and written comments), and subsequently endorsed by the A&N
Administration and forwarded to MOEF and UNDP.
E-PAC announcement:
Ms. Prema Gera, Programme Adviser, UNDP sent out an announcement for
the PAC on “Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-Sustainable Island
Development” on 27 March 2006 at all staff at UNDP-India.
The announcement with the project document enclosed, read:
“A concept note/executive summary for the A&N Islands was approved by Global
Environment Facility (GEF) Council in November 2004.
As per GEF
requirement, a project document in a given format has to be developed
subsequently by project proponents - in this case the A&N Administration. The
project development process was facilitated by UNDP between December 2005
and March 2006. The resulting project document is available at the link
mentioned in the attached e-mail.
The proposed project is confined to the Andaman's and identifies three
productive sectors for support - tourism, fisheries and high-value agriculture. The
underlying theme of the document is to promote and strengthen environmental
mainstreaming of policies and development framework for the Islands and also in
the three productive sectors. These sectors continue to remain important posttsunami and have been endorsed by the Planning Commission, A&N
Administration and a recent report by MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.
The document is being reviewed by Ministry of Environment & Forests and we
are circulating it within UNDP for comments and feedback. Once finalised it will
forwarded to GEF Council for endorsement.
I will appreciate receiving your feedback by cob on 03 April 2006. “
Discussion:
Comments were received from only one Programme Staff member , which
pertained to strengthening the management arrangement structure for the
project.
Ms Momin Jaan, Partnership Officer, UNDP emphasized the need to review
the management structure of the project, and align it with the new UNDP Results
Management Guide (RMG). The Project Executive and Project Assurance
functions need to be highlighted and clarified. In addition, she recommended that
107
in line with the RMG, the role of the Project Manager in creating and maintaining
the Risk, Issue and Lessons Learnt Logs should be made explicit in the
document itself.
Response
Based on Ms Momin Jaan’s comment, the project document has been
accordingly modified to reflect the roles indicated under the RBM. Refer to page
29 Part III para 86, page 30 para 91 and page 32 paras 94, 96 & 97.
These changes were communicated to the Andaman & Nicobar Administration
and Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF). MoEF further suggested that
since the project is mainly focusing on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the
term “Project Director” is more appropriate than the “National Project Director” for
the person with overall responsibility of the project implementation. Refer to
page 30 para 86 and page 70 para 139.
108
IV-G: Tracking Tool for GEF Biodiversity Focal Area Strategic Priority Two:
Mainstreaming Biodiversity in Production Landscapes and Sectors
I. Project General Information
1. Project name: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-sustainable island development
2. Country: India
National Project:___X____ Regional Project:_______ Global Project:_________
3. Name of reviewers completing tracking tool and completion dates:
Work Program
Inclusion
Project Mid-term
Name
Ravi Chellam
Title
Programme
Officer
Agency
UNDP
Final
Evaluation/project
completion
4. Funding information
GEF support: USD 3,388,600 + PDF B USD 345,000 GEF total = USD 3,733,600
Co-financing: USD 5,998,600
Total Funding: USD 9,732,200
5. Project duration:
Planned 8 years
6. a. GEF Agency:
X UNDP
 IADB
 EBRD
 FAO
Actual _______ years
 UNEP
 IFAD
 World Bank
 UNIDO
 ADB
 AfDB
6. b. Lead Project Executing Agency (ies): Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government
of India
7. GEF Operational Program:
 drylands (OP 1)
X coastal, marine, freshwater (OP 2)
X forests (OP 3)
 mountains (OP 4)
 agro-biodiversity (OP 13)
 integrated ecosystem management (OP 12)
109
 sustainable land management (OP 15)
Other Operational Program not listed above:__________________________
8. Project Summary (one paragraph):
This project aims to facilitate the ecologically-sustainable development of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands by mainstreaming conservation of biodiversity into governance systems and key
productive sectors. The project will enhance local capacities to conserve and sustainably utilise
globally-significant biodiversity resources, particularly in the three key economic sectors of
agriculture, tourism and fisheries.
9. Project Development Objective:
Conservation and sustainable utilization of the globally significant biodiversity resources of the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
10. Project Purpose/Immediate Objective:
The objective of the proposed project is to mainstream environmental sustainability into the
governance systems and key productive sectors (agriculture, tourism and fisheries) of the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
11. Expected Outcomes (GEF-related):
1. A governance context that recognises, facilitates and promotes sustainable development.
2. Ensuring that environmental sustainability receives widespread support from the Island
community through enhanced public awareness and improved attitudes.
3. Environmentally-sustainable income generation and job-creation in key productive sectors to
remove existing pressure for forest conservation and overharvesting of reef resources.
12. Production sectors and/or ecosystem services directly targeted by project:
12. a. Please identify the main production sectors involved in the project. Please put “P” for
sectors that are primarily and directly targeted by the project, and “S” for those that are
secondary or incidentally affected by the project.
Agriculture___P_____
Fisheries_____P____
Forestry_____ P____
Tourism_____ P_____
Mining_______
Oil__________
Transportation_________
Other (please specify)___________
12. b. For projects that are targeting the conservation or sustainable use of ecosystems goods
and services, please specify the goods or services that are being targeted, for example, water,
genetic resources, recreational, etc
110
1. Recreational
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
II. Project Landscape/Seascape Coverage
13. a. What is the extent (in hectares) of the landscape or seascape where the project will
directly or indirectly contribute to biodiversity conservation or sustainable use of its
components? An example is provided in the table below.
Targets and Timeframe
Project Coverage
Landscape/seascape16 area
directly17 covered by the project
(ha)
Landscape/seascape area
indirectly18
covered by the project (ha)
Foreseen at
project start
Achievement
at Mid-term
Evaluation of
Project
Achievement at
Final Evaluation
of Project
640,800 ha of
land area and
an associated
marine zone of
approximately
780,000 ha
184,100 ha of
land area and
an associated
marine zone of
approximately
420,000 ha
Explanation for indirect coverage numbers:
The indirect coverage will result from the mainstreaming of environmental sustainability into
the overall governance of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, even though the project activities
will be restricted to the Andaman Islands. Successful models implemented through the project
in the Andaman Islands will also be replicated with adaptations for the local conditions in the
Nicobar Islands.
16
For projects working in seascapes (large marine ecosystems, fisheries etc.) please provide
coverage figures and include explanatory text as necessary if reporting in hectares is not
applicable or feasible.
17 Direct coverage refers to the area that is targeted by the project’s site intervention. For
example, a project may be mainstreaming biodiversity into floodplain management in a pilot area
of 1,000 hectares that is part of a much larger floodplain of 10,000 hectares.
18 Using the example in footnote 5 above, the same project may, for example, “indirectly” cover or
influence the remaining 9,000 hectares of the floodplain through promoting learning exchanges
and training at the project site as part of an awareness raising and capacity building strategy for
the rest of the floodplain. Please explain the basis for extrapolation of indirect coverage when
completing this part of the table.
111
13. b. Are there Protected Areas within the landscape/seascape covered by the project?
If so, names these PAs, their IUCN or national PA category, and their extent in hectares.
There are several Protected Areas in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The exact sites at
which the project interventions will take place are still to be determined and hence it is not
possible to give this information at this stage. The sites will be decided during the inception
phase of this project and the information related to the Protected Areas will then become
available.
Name of Protected Areas
IUCN and/or
national category of
PA
Extent in hectares of PA
1.
2.
3.
4…
III. Management Practices Applied
14.a. Within the scope and objectives of the project, please identify in the table below
the management practices employed by project beneficiaries that integrate biodiversity
considerations and the area of coverage of these management practices? Note: this could
range from farmers applying organic agricultural practices, forest management agencies
managing forests per Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) guidelines or other forest
certification schemes, artisanal fisherfolk practicing sustainable fisheries management,
or industries satisfying other similar agreed international standards, etc. An example is
provided in the table below.
Targets and Timeframe
Specific management
practices that integrate BD
1. Formation of a multistakeholder Responsible
Tourism Association to adopt
strategies for achieving low
environmental impacts.
2. Implementing a sustainable
and ecologically sensitive
fisheries management plan
which will include zonation, no
take zones, catch limits, nonharvest seasons, regulation on
fishing gear and methods.
Area of
coverage
foreseen at start
of project
To be determined
during inception
as sites are still to
be identified.
To be determined
during inception
as sites are still to
be identified.
112
Achievement at
Mid-term
Evaluation of
Project
Achievement
at Final
Evaluation of
Project
3. The development of an
ecologically sustainable highvalue agriculture sector with an
emphasis on local species and
organic cultivation.
To be determined
during inception
as sites are still to
be identified.
14. b. Is the project promoting the conservation and sustainable use of wild species or
landraces?
Yes
If yes, please list the wild species (WS) or landraces (L):
Species (Genus sp., and
common name)
1. Species specific
information is not
available currently and
will be gathered during the
inception phase.
2.
3.
4…
Wild Species (please check
if this is a wild species)
Several species of fishes as
part of the sustainable
fishing interventions.
Landrace (please check if this is
a landrace)
14. c. For the species identified above, or other target species of the project not included in
the list above (E.g., domesticated species), please list the species, check the boxes as
appropriate regarding the application of a certification system, and identify the certification
system being used in the project, if any. An example is provided in the table below.
Certification
Species
1. E.g., Australian
Rock Lobster
A
certification
system is
being used
X
A certification
system will be
used
Name of
certification
system if
being used
Marine
Stewardship
Council “Fish
Forever”
A certification
system will not
be used
2…
14. d. Is carbon sequestration an objective of the project?
 Yes
X No
If yes, the estimated amount of carbon sequestered is: ______________________
IV. Market Transformation and Mainstreaming Biodiversity
113
15. a. For those projects that have identified market transformation as a project objective,
please describe the project's ability to integrate biodiversity considerations into the
mainstream economy by measuring the market changes to which the project contributed.
The sectors and subsectors and measures of impact in the table below are illustrative
examples, only. Please complete per the objectives and specifics of the project.
Name of the
market that
the project
seeks to affect
(sector and
sub-sector)
E.g.,
Sustainable
agriculture
(Fruit
production:
apples)
E.g.,
Sustainable
forestry
(timber
processing)
E.g., Tourism
(eco-tourism)
Unit of measure of
market impact
Market
condition
at the
start of
the
project
Market
condition
at midterm
evaluation
of project
Market
condition at
final
evaluation of
the project
E.g., US$ of sales of
certified apple
products / yr
E.g., cubic meters of
sustainably produced
wood processed per
year
E.g., US$ of revenues
from eco-tourism / yr;
number of
tourists/year;
number of ecotourism companies
15. b. Please also note which (if any) market changes were directly caused by the project.
V. Improved Livelihoods
16. For those projects that have identified improving the livelihoods of a beneficiary
population based on sustainable use /harvesting as a project objective, please list the
targets identified in the logframe and record progress at the mid-term and final evaluation. An
example is provided in the table below
Improved
Livelihood
Measure
Number of
targeted
beneficiaries
(if known)
Please
Improvement Achievement
identify
Foreseen at
at Mid-term
local or
project start
Evaluation
indigenous
of Project
communities
project is
working
with
114
Achievement
at Final
Evaluation
of Project
1. Rate of
Not known
environmentally currently.
sustainable job
creation in key
economic
sectors;
agriculture,
tourism and
fisheries
(measured
overall).
In habitants
of Andaman
Islands.
10 % increase
over baseline
(compiled in
year 1 of the
project) by
year 4 and
25% increase
by year 8.
2.
3…
VI. Project Replication Strategy
17. a . Does the project specify budget, activities, and outputs for implementing the
replication strategy? No
17. b. Is the replication strategy promoting incentive measures & instruments (e.g. trust
funds, payments for environmental services, certification) within and beyond project
boundaries?
Yes___ No___
If yes, please list the incentive measures or instruments being promoted:
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
17. c. For all projects, please complete box below. Two examples are provided.
Replication Quantification Measure
Replication
Achievement
(Examples: hectares of certified products, Target
at Mid-term
number of resource users participating in Foreseen
Evaluation
payment for environmental services
at project
of Project
programs, businesses established, etc.)
start
1. E.g., Number of resource users applying
100
40
sustainable reindeer management practices
2. E.g., Hectares of forest under certified
10,000
3,000
management that incorporates biodiversity
considerations
3…
115
Achievement
at Final
Evaluation
of Project
120
7,000
VII. Enabling Environment
For those projects that have identified addressing policy, legislation, regulations, and their implementation as project objectives,
please complete the following series of questions: 18a, 18b, 18c.
An example for a project that focused on the agriculture sector is provided in 18 a, b, and c.
18. a. Please complete this table at work program inclusion for each sector that is a primary or a secondary focus of the project.
Please answer YES or NO to each statement under the sectors that are a focus of the project.
Sector
Statement: Please answer YES or NO for each sector that is a
focus of the project.
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
through specific legislation
Regulations are in place to implement the legislation
The regulations are under implementation
The implementation of regulations is enforced
Enforcement of regulations is monitored
Agriculture Fisheries
Forestry
Tourism
NO
NO
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
YES
Partially
Partially
Partially
NO
NO
NO
NO
116
Other
(please
specify)
Other
(please
specify)
18. b . Please complete this table at the project mid-term for each sector that is a primary or a secondary focus of the project.
Please answer YES or NO to each statement under the sectors that are a focus of the project.
Sector
Agriculture Fisheries
Forestry
Tourism
Other
(please
specify)
Other
(please
specify)
Other
(please
specify)
Other
(please
specify)
Statement: Please answer YES or NO for each sector that is a
focus of the project.
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
through specific legislation
Regulations are in place to implement the legislation
The regulations are under implementation
The implementation of regulations is enforced
Enforcement of regulations is monitored
18. c. Please complete this table at project closure for each sector that is a primary or a secondary focus of the project.
Please answer YES or NO to each statement under the sectors that are a focus of the project.
Sector
Agriculture Fisheries
Statement: Please answer YES or NO for each sector that is a
focus of the project.
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
Biodiversity considerations are mentioned in sector policy
through specific legislation
Regulations are in place to implement the legislation
The regulations are under implementation
The implementation of regulations is enforced
Enforcement of regulations is monitored
117
Forestry
Tourism
All projects please complete this question at the project mid-term evaluation and at the final
evaluation, if relevant:
18. d. Within the scope and objectives of the project, has the private sector undertaken
voluntary measures to incorporate biodiversity considerations in production? If yes, please
provide brief explanation and specifically mention the sectors involved.
An example of this could be a mining company minimizing the impacts on biodiversity by using
low-impact exploration techniques and by developing plans for restoration of biodiversity after
exploration as part of the site management plan.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
VIII. Mainstreaming biodiversity into the GEF Implementing Agencies’ Programs
19. At each time juncture of the project (work program inclusion, mid-term evaluation, and final
evaluation), please check the box that depicts the status of mainstreaming biodiversity through the
implementation of this project with on-going GEF Implementing Agencies’ development assistance,
sector, lending, or other technical assistance programs.
Time Frame
Status of Mainstreaming
The project is not linked to IA development
assistance, sector, lending programs, or other
technical assistance programs.
The project is indirectly linked to IAs
development assistance, sector, lending programs
or other technical assistance programs.
The project has direct links to IAs development
assistance, sector, lending programs or other
technical assistance programs.
The project is demonstrating strong and sustained
complementarity with on-going planned
programs.
Work
Mid-Term
Program Evaluation
Inclusion
Final
Evaluation
X
IX. Other Impacts
20. Please briefly summarize other impacts that the project has had on
mainstreamingbiodiversity that have not been recorded above.
 The shift in policy orientation will have a very strong impact on the overall environmental
sustainability of these islands and more specifically on biodiversity conservation and the natural
resource based sustainable livelihoods of local people.
118
IV-H: RESPONSE TO GEF SECRETARIAT CONCEPT AGREEMENT REVIEW OF AUGUST 2006
Country: India
Project Title: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ecologically-Sustainable Island Development
GEFSEC Project ID: 1143
UNDP Project ID: 565
Operational Program: 2
Implementing Agenc(ies): UNDP
The following are the main review comments provided in the GEF Secretariat review for CEO endorsement and
responses thereto:
COMMENT:
Project Design: From the response to the
council’s comment, it is surprising to see
that the project has not identified specific
project sites after decade long project
preparation. Please clarify the criteria and
process in selecting the project sites within
larger A&N islands
RESPONSE:
Specific project sites will need to be identified and agreed
with full participation of key stakeholders including A&N
Administration, relevant sectoral government departments,
MOEF, representatives from local communities in the
Andaman Islands. Given political sensitivities about A&N,
and both A&N and Central Government’s concern about
security issues and role of outsiders, this was not
something that could be done in advance especially given
regular turnover in key administrative and political
positions both within A&N and Central Government. The
sites will be endorsed by the Project Steering Committee.
The criteria for specific site selection have been
incorporated into the project document under the section
on Project Inception Phase.
119
PARA/SECTION
REF:
Para 99, bullet
point 5
COMMENT:
Monitoring and Evaluation: The objective
indicators include only coverage indicators.
As noted as a response to the US council’s
comment, additional impact indicators that
are considered need to be included in the
logframe
RESPONSE:
PARA/SECTION
REF:
Current baseline indicators (along with their reference) to
establish the impacts of biodiversity, ecosystem health
and sustainable use are given to determine the efforts to
mainstream conservation practices in the four key
productive sectors is included as part of the objective
indicators.
Part II:
Logical
Framework
Analysis
page 53 to
55
Potential specific sub-indicators for the above 2 main
indicators will be identified during the Project Inception
Phase.
Para 99,
bullet point 3
Monitoring and Evaluation: The indicators
for outcome 2, environmental awareness
component, are particularly weak. Indicators
to monitor behaviour change are expected
at the outcome level.
Current pattern of involvement of people towards nature
conservation is given and new indicator that captures the
behaviour change of the community has been
incorporated at the outcome level for outcome 2.
Part II:
Logical
Framework
Analysis
(Page 61)
Financing Plan: The budget in the document
only specifies use of GEF funding and it is
unclear what the co-financing amount will be
used for. Provided that the government
contribution is in large part in cash, please
clarify the financing plan for the co-finance.
The co-financing commitment letter from the A&N
administration states that there are existing plans and
schemes in several key sectors from where the cofinancing has been committed. These include fisheries,
agriculture/forestry, environment and coastal protection
and tourism. The total budget committed by A&N
Administration for 2006/7-2008/9 is US$ 89.7 million for
the above sectors19. The detailed plan for 2006/2007
Section IV:
Additional
Information;
Part I: CoFinancing
Letter
Fisheries – US$ 34.9 million; Agriculture/Forestry – US$ 33.6 million; Environment & Coastal Protection – US$ 1.3 million; Tourism – US$ 19.9
million
19
120
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA/SECTION
REF:
already exists as part of the 10th five year plan (20022007)20 and they are in the process of detailed planning
for the 11th five-year cycle.
Financing Plan: More than one third of the
total budget is allocated for component 4,
which is for project management. This is
rather high compared to the standard.
Please clarify how much of this budget is
going for project administration budget and
M&E/dissemination activities.
GENERAL COMMENTS: The project was
submitted CEO for approval after 21 months
since council approval. Please kindly clarify
the reason for taking the time. The
information is requested particularly
considering the long history of the project.
20
The total budget for the project management (excluding
UNDP support cost) is US$659,000 and for M&E including
dissemination is US$561,000. The detailed plan for the
M&E provides the indicative activities. The islands will
require support in terms of expertise and management
support from the mainland due to capacity constraints,
which means that relatively high personnel and travel
inputs are required to ensure the project implementation is
successful. Therefore, the project management budget is
slightly higher than usual.
The December 2004 tsunami which occurred soon after
this proposal was approved into the work programme,
greatly delayed the finalization of this project document,
as the Nicobar Islands and parts of the Indian mainland
were severely impacted. The Andamans & Nicobar
Administration as well as UNDP-India were intensively
engaged in tsunami relief and reconstruction efforts for
many months after. It proved difficult therefore to
coordinate with the A&N administration to identify suitable
quantifiable performance and outcome indicators in the
first half of 2005. Subsequently, there were changes in
key political and administrative positions (including the
Chief Secretary changing twice) resulting in further delay
as each new person familiarized themselves with the
project and provided feedback for finalizing the project
Planning Department, Andaman & Nicobar Administration, 2006. Annual Plan Programme 2006-2007. Vol. I& II
121
Section III:
Total Budget
and
Workplan
and Annex
H-2, Table 1
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA/SECTION
REF:
document. The last round of broad consultations was held
in February 2006 in the Andamans in order to ensure that
there was full stakeholder buy-in. Finalization of the
project document required additional time as this had to
be reviewed by both Central Government and the A&N
Administration and changes requested by either party had
to be agreed and the final document endorsed by both
parties.
IV-I: Response to additional comments from the GEF Secretariat Concept Agreement Review of October 2006
COMMENT:
Monitoring and evaluation: The baseline
and target of the objective level indicators
are not identified and it is noted that it will be
collected during the inception phase of the
project. According to the GEF M&E policy,
baseline and targets are required at the time
of CEO endorsement. Please clarify and
provide necessary information.
Monitoring and evaluation: A few
RESPONSE:
The baseline and objective level indicators and sub-indicators
have been broadly identified for capturing mainstreaming of
conservation principles into the three main productive sectors
in the log-frame.
These will be reviewed and adequate changes made as per
the baseline situations and verified at the inception phase.
The baseline data is available particularly in two key
documents of the A&N administration (Draft Report on the
State of Environment in Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago,
2006, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union Territory
Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, 2005). In addition, the
databases available with relevant departments (Forestry,
Fisheries and Tourism) will also be accessed. Where ever the
available data is still found insufficient, baseline studies may
be commissioned. The inception stage will thereby involve
reviewing the indicators, baselines, targets and means of
verification.
The baseline and the impact level indicators have been
122
PARA/SECTION
REF:
Para 99, bullet
point 5
Logical
Framework
Analysis
Logical
COMMENT:
RESPONSE:
PARA/SECTION
REF:
indicators have been identified for outcome
2, however, the baseline data are not
identified. As noted above, these
information are required at the stage.
broadly identified in the log-frame for outcome 2. As pointed
out earlier, these will be reviewed and adequate changes
made as per the baseline situations and verified at the
inception phase.
Framework
Analysis
Financing plan: The use of co-financing
can been seen from the incremental cost
analysis
table. However, it is not clear whether there
are any cofinancing from the government for
the project management component. Please
clarify.
There is co financing from the government for the project
management component. The contribution from co-financing
for the project for this component amounts to around US$
320,000. This amount will be allocated against staff, staff
time, travel, communication, office space and equipment etc.
Co-financing
letter page 73
123
SIGNATURE PAGE
Country: INDIA
UNDAF Outcome(s)/Indicator(s):
(Link to UNDAF outcome., If no UNDAF, leave blank)
Strengthening decentralization and promoting gender equality
Expected Outcome(s)/Indicator (s):
CP outcomes linked of the SRF/MYFF goal and service line)
National capacity built to contribute to global environmental agenda setting, and global
environmental concerns mainstreamed in national development planning.
Expected Output(s)/Indicator(s):
(CP outcomes linked t the SRF/MYFF goal and service line)
Facilitating assessment of national capacities for sustainable development, contribute to
the strengthening of information base and capacities for implementing multi-lateral
environmental agreements and catalyzing partnerships for field demonstration of
conservation and sustainable use of environmental resources
Implementing partner:
(designated institution/Executing agency)
Andaman & Nicobar
Administration
Other Partners:
NGOs, local communities,
public representatives and private
sector
Programme Period: 2006 - 2013
Programme Component:
Project Title: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: EcologicallySustainable Island Development
Project ID: 00043235 PIMS 565
Proposal/ project ID: 00043235/00050350
Project Duration:
8 years
Management Arrangement: NEX
Total budget:
$ 9,387,200.00
Allocated resources:
____________

Government
$ 5,046,000

Regular GEF
$ 3,388,600

Other:
o Donor _________
o Donor _________
o Donor _________

In kind contributions $ 952,600
a) Agreed by (Ministry of Finance, DEA):
Mr. R.P. Singh,
Director____________________________________________________________
b) Agreed by (A&N Administration):
Mr. Shumsher K. Sheriff
Chief Secretary________________________________________________________
c) Agreed by (UNDP):
Dr. Maxine Olson, Resident
Representative_________________________________________________________
124