Table S1. The classification of clinical diagnosis, histological diagnosis by pathogenesis, and by histopathology in J-RBR in 2010 Clinical diagnosis Acute nephritic syndrome Histological diagnosis by pathogenesis Primary glomerular disease except IgA Histological diagnosis by histopathology Minor glomerular abnormalities nephropathy Rapidly progressive nephritic syndrome IgA nephropathy Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis Recurrent or persistent hematuria Purpura nephritis Membranous nephropathy Chronic nephritic syndrome Lupus nephritis Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis Nephrotic syndrome MPO-ANCA positive nephritis Endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis Renal disorder with metabolic disease PR3-ANCA positive nephritis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (types I and III) Renal disorder with collagen disease or Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody Dense deposit disease vasculitis nephritis Hypertensive nephropathy Hypertensive nephrosclerosis Crescentic and necrotizing glomerulonephritis Inherited renal disease Thrombotic microangiopathy Sclerosing glomerulonephritis Acute renal failure Diabetic nephropathy Nephrosclerosis Drug-induced nephropathy Amyloid nephropathy Acute interstitial nephritis Renal transplantation Alport syndrome Chronic interstitial nephritis Hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic Thin basement membrane disease Acute tubular necrosis Infection-related nephropathy Transplanted kidney Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)a Transplanted kidney Others Others Others thrombocytopenic purpura (HUS/TTP)a Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT)a a, added in 2010. 1 Table S2. Distribution of CKD stages and clinical parameters in male in IgA nephropathy in J-RBR: Combined data of 2009 and 2010 CKD stage G1 G2 G3a/b G4 G5 Total P value* Male N (%) Age, years, average median Body mass index Estimated GFR, mL/min/1.73m2 299 27.7 22.1 ± 11.2 19 (16 – 25) 21.4 ± 4.7 111.2 (97.2 – 138.2) 0.31 (0.10 – 0.88) 0.38 (0.12 – 0.90) 79.9 0.72 (0.62 – 0.80) 4.23 ± 0.51 180.2 ± 38.9 116.6 ± 14.1 68.1 ± 11.5 16.5 2.8 376 34.8 40.5 ± 14.3 38 (30 – 52) 23.7 ± 3.7 74.0 (67.4 – 82.0) 0.60 (0.24 – 1.19) 0.59 (0.29 – 1.14) 78.2 0.92 (0.86 – 1.00) 4.11 ± 0.53 199.9 ± 42.9 127.8 ± 14.9 77.9 ± 12.2 37.5 3.3 325 30.1 51.7 ± 13.1 54 (42 – 61) 24.0 ± 3.5 49.1 (41.7 – 55.0) 1.01 (0.45 – 2.00) 1.00 (0.48 – 1.83) 72.3 1.29 (1.15 – 1.46) 3.82 ± 0.63 203.9 ± 51.1 130.8 ± 17.8 79.8 ± 12.8 63.0 7.6 62 5.7 60.0 ± 15.9 62 (51 – 73) 23.6 ± 3.8 25.3 (21.2 – 27.5) 1.78 (0.80 – 3.20) 1.68 (0.92 – 4.01) 77.4 2.27 (2.02 – 2.68) 3.41 ± 0.65 205.6 ± 53.2 140.8 ± 22.2 84.2 ± 14.6 79.6 29.3 17 1.6 49.0 ± 21.6 51 (34 – 60) 23.1 ± 4.3 8.6 (5.6 – 13.4) 2.91 (1.09 – 5.00) 2.91 (1.56 – 4.20) 82.4 6.00 (4.04 – 10.0) 3.28 ± 0.58 200.3 ± 45.3 152.0 ± 22.2 89.5 ± 10.2 60.0 0.0 1,083 100.0 40.0 ± 18.3 38 (24 – 56) 23.1 ± 4.1 70.5 (50.8 – 93.0) 0.67 (0.24 – 1.44) 0.70 (0.28 – 1.43) 77.0 0.97 (0.80 – 1.23) 4.00 ± 0.61 195.9 ± 46.3 126.6 ± 17.7 76.3 ± 13.4 42.6 5.9 – – < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Proteinuria, g/day (n) Proteinuria, g/gCr (n) Sediment RBC ≥ 5/hpf (%) Serum creatinine,m g/dL Serum albumin, g/dL Serum total cholesterol, mg/dL Systolic BP, mmHg Diastolic BP, mmHg Anti-hypertensive agents, % Diabetes mellitus, % < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.2016 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Data are presented as the means ± SD or the medians (interquartile ranges). CKD, chronic kidney disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; BP, blood pressure. *ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis or 2-test as appropriately. There are four (0.4%) missing value of the CKD stage because of inappropriate data of serum creatinine. 2 Table S3. Distribution of CKD stages and clinical parameters in female in IgA nephropathy in J-RBR: Combined data of 2009 and 2010 CKD stage G1 G2 G3a/b G4 G5 Total P value* Female N (%) Age, years, average median Body mass index Estimated GFR, mL/min/1.73m2 364 33.4 24.7 ± 10.5 24 (18 – 30) 20.7 ± 3.3 106.0 (96.4 – 123.0) 0.30 (0.11 – 0.80) 0.40 (0.15 – 0.95) 84.3 0.56 (0.50 – 0.60) 4.09 ± 0.41 188.2 ± 35.8 111.8 ± 13.5 67.2 ± 11.4 11.6 0.4 468 40.2 40.1 ± 12.7 38 (31 – 49) 22.2 ± 3.7 76.3 (68.0 – 83.2) 0.42 (0.20 – 0.94) 0.67 (0.27 – 1.30) 84.0 0.70 (0.64 – 0.75) 3.95 ± 0.44 208.0 ± 48.6 119.4 ± 16.4 72.7 ± 11.9 29.7 2.9 226 20.7 49.7 ± 12.7 49 (42 – 60) 23.0 ± 3.9 49.3 (42.2 – 54.0) 0.85 (0.35 – 1.99) 1.17 (0.58 – 2.48) 77.9 0.97 (0.90 – 1.10) 3.75 ± 0.53 218.7 ± 49.9 129.5 ± 17.5 77.6 ± 12.0 54.5 7.9 49 4.5 50.3 ± 15.1 51 (38 – 63) 22.3 ± 5.1 22.8 (20.4 – 27.7) 1.40 (0.70 – 2.57) 1.75 (0.67 – 5.20) 87.8 1.89 (1.67 – 2.22) 3.49 ± 0.61 219.1 ± 50.6 133.8 ± 22.5 77.2 ± 16.0 71.4 11.4 13 1.2 42.8 ± 18.9 33 (27 – 64) 23.7 ± 7.5 7.76 (6.24 – 11.3) 2.70 (0.94 – 3.65) 3.26 (0.80 – 5.18) 92.3 5.10 (4.10 – 7.24) 3.15 ± 0.63 244.9 ± 64.6 142.6 ± 33.3 86.0 ± 24.3 81.8 0.0 1,094 100.0 37.5 ± 15.7 36 (25 – 49) 21.9 ± 3.9 78.4 (58.2 – 96.7) 0.50 (0.20 – 1.10) 0.70 (0.26 – 1.50) 83.0 0.69 (0.59 – 0.84) 3.93 ± 0.49 204.4 ± 47.0 119.8 ± 17.9 72.2 ± 12.9 31.4 3.4 – – < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Proteinuria, g/day (n) Proteinuria, g/gCr (n) Sediment RBC ≥ 5/hpf (%) Serum creatinine,m g/dL Serum albumin, g/dL Serum total cholesterol, mg/dL Systolic BP, mmHg Diastolic BP, mmHg Anti-hypertensive agents, % Diabetes mellitus, % < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.1633 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Data are presented as the means ± SD or the medians (interquartile ranges). CKD, chronic kidney disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; BP, blood pressure. *ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis or 2-test as appropriately. There are four (0.4%) missing value of the CKD stage because of inappropriate data of serum creatinine. 3