QUESTIONS TO ASK THE BREEDER
There are always some health issues and peculiarities within each breed.
NO breed or line is completely free of inherited health problems. Beware
of breeders who have only glowing recommendations of their dogs. Also
beware also of breeders who become angered or curt with you for asking
questions about their dogs’ health. They should be thrilled that a
prospective buyer has that much interest in their future puppy. The
breeder should also question YOU, which may sound very personal at first
but, because the best breeders provide a lifetime commitment to their
dogs, they only wish to insure their puppy will have a happy, committed,
forever home.
Responsible breeders try to avoid inherited defects by researching
pedigrees and screening parents for health and temperament issues
BEFORE breeding each litter. Inherited defects that we see in Cavaliers
include, but are not limited to, temperament problems ranging from
aggression to shyness to hyperactivity; heart defects that can severely
shorten the life span; eye problems causing early blindness; hip dysplasia;
patella luxation (slipping knee caps); and syringomyelia.
You may not find a breeder who fits 100% of this criteria, but do not settle
for more than two or three negative responses. It is equally important that
you have a good relationship with your breeder and that you actually enjoy
speaking to him/her. You will be communicating with this person for years
to come with questions, requesting advice and asking for help and this will
be made all the more difficult if you truly do not trust or even like the
breeder
*Note: The questions have been answered by the Cavalier King Charles
Spaniel Club following the question (IN BLACK). My answers to the
questions are located underneath the CKCSC answers (IN GREEN).
1. Do both parents (sire and dam) have current (dated within 12
months) Board Certified Cardiologist’s clearance for heart
disease?
Knowing that Cavaliers have a high incidence of mitral valve disease in the
breed and with all the many low cost heart clinics offered by various dog
clubs, coast to coast, there is no excuse for a breeder not to have seen a
cardiologist and cleared both mother and father of any heart problems.
Sometimes breeders also clear their dogs by ultrasound, Doppler, or
sonogram but this is not the norm. Any certificate must have the words
“cardiology” or “cardiologist” checked off or written on the form.
All of my Cavaliers are checked by a Board Certified Veterinarian when they
are 8 weeks old and every 6 months thereafter by a Board Certified
Cardiologist starting when they are 2 years of age for cardiac clearances.
The results are then sent in to OFA and posted on there website.
2. Do both parents (sire and dam) have current (dated within 12
months) Board Certified Ophthalmologist’s clearance for eye
anomalies?
Some breeders will submit this certificate to the Canine Eye Registration
Foundation (CERF) and they in turn will provide a CERF certificate. Any eye
certificate provided should have CERF written on it. Like the cardiology
clinics, there are many low cost ophthalmology clinics coast to coast, usually
offered at the same time as the cardiology clinics. While Cavaliers do not
usually have severe eye diseases, it can happen on occasion. Therefore, it is
important that breeders make sure they are breeding eye clear parents to
keep the eye diseases at a minimum.
All of my Cavaliers are checked by a Board Certified Ophthalmologist at 8
weeks of age and then again on and/or about there second birthday for eye
clearances. The results are then sent in to OFA and posted on there website.
3. Do both parents (sire and dam) have current (dated within 12
months) veterinarian’s clearances for patella luxation (slipping knee
caps)?
If provided, a copy of a general veterinarian’s written statement or an OFA patella
certification is sufficient. Cost of surgery for this disease can be $1,000 to $1,800 per
leg. Slipping patellas can be found in many Toy breeds.
All of my Cavaliers are checked by a Board Certified Veterinarian every 6 months for
Patella Luxation. The results are then sent in to OFA and posted on there website.
4. Do both parents (sire and dam) have hip clearances from the
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA)?
Final hip clearances last for the lifetime of the dog and cannot be obtained until dogs
are two years of age or over. Preliminary OFA hip clearances can be obtained
younger than two years and should be done if either parent is under two years but
they need to be re-evaluated at 2 years or older for the hips to be certified. “My vet
okayed the x-ray” is not a valid clearance.
All of my Cavaliers over the age of 2 are x-rayed for hip dysplasia and the films are
sent into OFA for evaluation. The results are posted on the OFA website.
5. Have both parents (sire and dam) been MRI’d for Syringomyelia?
Several breeders have started performing MRIs on their Cavaliers but not many do.
The problem is the high cost of MRI machines which do not allow Neurologists,
generally, to offer low cost MRIs for screening purposes. In certain parts of the
country there are a few lower cost MRIs being offered but in most cases, these are
not available. MRIs are fairly new to the field of veterinary medicine and thus they
are not always readily available and they tend to be costly.
I currently do not have an MRI clinic that is readily available to my breeding program.
6. Will the puppy have a restricted/limited (non-breeding) registration with
strong recommendation to spay/neuter?
This is a good indication of a responsible breeder.
All of my Cavalier puppies are sold with AKC limited/restricted registration rights.
7. Will the breeder gladly take the dog back at any time, for any
reason, if you cannot keep the dog?
This is the hallmark of responsible breeding (and the quickest way to make rescue
obsolete).
It is in my Cavalier Contract Of Sale that at any time the owner cannot keep the dog,
I will take the dog back under all circumstances.
8. Is the breeder involved in competition with their dogs (conformation,
obedience, agility, rally)?
The breeder should be a member of a bona fide Cavalier Club. This gives him/her
access to others in the breed, makes him/her privy to discussions regarding health
and temperament concerns, and allows him/her to become familiar with different
bloodlines from which he/she might choose prospective breeding stock. It also
indicates more than just a passing interest in Cavaliers.
I show my Cavaliers in AKC Events and IABBC International Shows.
9. Is the breeder involved in Rescue?
A truly good breeder is the one who does things for the good of the breed and is
most likely to support the rescue groups. Some good breeders also do rescue.
Rescuing from a shelter does not support bad breeders, just the pups or dogs
produced by them. The so-called breeder already made the money.
I’m not currently involved in a rescue group but I have participated in rehoming
Cavaliers on several different occasions.
10. Are the puppy’s sire and dam available for you to meet?
Breeders often use sires belonging to other people so it is not unusual for the sire to
be unavailable for you to meet. However, at least ONE of the parents should be in
the home for you to touch and see. Be sure that the parent(s) is happy and friendly.
I prefer buyers come and meet my dogs and puppies in person, but I understand not
everyone has the flexibility to do this.
11. Have the puppies been raised in the home, kennel, barn or
backyard?
Puppies that are raised without high exposure to human contact and a wide variety
of noises and experiences may exhibit a wide variety of behavioral problems. The
same thing is true if puppies are removed from their dam or littermates before at
least eight weeks. A caring breeder will know the puppies’ temperaments and will be
able to guide you to the puppy best suited for your family.
My puppies are whelped and raised inside my home. They are highly socialized with
children and other dogs.
12. Does the breeder have only one, or at most, two breeds of dogs?
If there are several breeds of dogs, chances are the breeder cannot devote the time
it takes to become really knowledgeable about each breed.
I only breed Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.
13. Do the puppies seem healthy, with no discharge from the eyes or
nose, no loose stools, no foul smelling ears? Are their coats soft, full
and clean? Do they have plenty of energy when awake yet calm
down easily when gently stroked?
All this will be self-evident if you manage to see the litter.
All of my puppies are checked by a Board Certified Veterinarian prior to leaving my
home. They are maintained and groomed on a daily basis.
14. Do the puppies have their first shots and have they been wormed
or checked clear of worms?
The puppy should have at least one vaccination before leaving for his/her new home.
My puppies come with a detailed health record detailing vaccinations and worming.
15. Will the breeder be available to answer any questions you might
have for the life of the dog? Do you feel comfortable with this
person? Are you feeling intimidated or pressured?
If so, keep looking. You are entering into a decade-long relationship and you need to
have a good rapport with the breeder for future questions.
I am always available to my buyers, and I prefer them to ask questions first! Always
double check with me on any information you are not sure of. Being such a
knowledgeable and experienced breed, I often have the best answers to any
problems right away.