Solutions AP Multiple Choice Questions
1. The modality of the glucose in a 1.0-molar glucose solution can be obtained
by using which of the following?
(A) Volume of the solution
(B) Temperature of the solution
(C) Solubility of glucose in water
(D) Degree of dissociation of glucose
(E) Density of the solution
2. Two flexible containers for gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
One holds 0.50 gram of hydrogen and the other holds 8.0 grams of oxygen.
Which of the following statements regarding these gas samples is FALSE?
(A) The volume of the hydrogen container is the same as the
volume of the oxygen container.
(B) The number of molecules in the hydrogen container is the
same as the number of molecules in the oxygen container.
(C) The density of the hydrogen sample is less than that of the
oxygen sample.
(D) The average kinetic energy of the hydrogen molecules is the
same as the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.
(E) The average speed of the hydrogen molecules is the same as
the average speed of the oxygen molecules.
3. Which, if any, of the following species is in the greatest concentration in a
0.100-molar solution of H2SO4 in water?
(A) H2SO4 molecules
(B) H3O+ ions
(C) HSO4¯ ions
(D) SO42¯ ions
(E) All species are in equilibrium and therefore have the same
concentrations.
4. At 20. °C, the vapor pressure of toluene is 25 millimeters of mercury and
that of benzene is 75 millimeters of mercury. An ideal solution, equimolar
in toluene and benzene, is prepared. At 20. °C, what is the mole fraction of
benzene in the vapor in equilibrium with this solution?
(A) 0.25
(B) 0.33
(C) 0.50
(D) 0.75
(E) 0.83
5. What is the approximate mole fraction of ethanol, C2H5OH, in an aqueous
solution in which the ethanol concentration is 11.0 molal?
(A) 0.0011
(B) 0.011
(C) 0.170
(D) 0.200
(E) 0.600
6. Which of the following aqueous solutions has the highest boiling point?
(A) 0.10 M potassium sulfate, K2SO4
(B) 0.10 M hydrochloric acid, HCl
(C) 0.10 M ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3
(D) 0.10 M magnesium sulfate, MgSO4
(E) 0.20 M sucrose, C12H22O11
7. The weight of H2SO4 (molecular weight 98.1) in 50.0 milliliters of a 6.00molar solution is
(A) 3.10 grams
(B) 12.0 grams
(C) 29.4 grams
(D) 294 grams
(E) 300. grams
8. How many milliliters of 11.6-molar HCl must be diluted to obtain 1.0 liter
of 3.0-molar HCl?
(A) 3.9 mL
(B) 35 mL
(C) 250 mL
(D) 1,000 mL
(E) 3,900 mL
9.
I. Difference in temperature between freezing point of solvent
and freezing point of solvent and freezing point of solution
II. Molal freezing point depression constant, Kf, for solvent
In addition to the information above, which of the following gives the
minimum data required to determine the molecular mass of a nonionic
substance by the freezing point depression technique?
(A) No further information is necessary.
(B) Mass of solute
(C) Mass of solute and mass of solvent
(D) Mass of solute and volume of solvent
(E) Mass of solute, mass of solvent, and vapor pressure of
solvent
10. Which of the following does NOT behave as an electrolyte when it is
dissolved in water?
(A) CH3OH
(B) K2CO3
(C) NH4Br
(D) HI
(E) Sodium acetate, CH3COONa
11. A solution of toluene (molecular weight 92.1) in an organic solvent
(molecular weight 55.6) is prepared. The mole fraction of toluene in the
solution is 0.100. What is the molality of the solution?
(A) 0.100 m
(B) 0.703 m
(C) 0.921 m
(D) 0.995 m
(E) 0.200 m
12. Which of the following is lower for a 1.0-molar aqueous solution of any
solute than it is for pure water?
(A) pH
(B) Vapor pressure
(C) Freezing point
(D) Electrical conductivity
(E) Absorption of visible light
13. Which of the following actions would be likely to change the boiling point
of a sample of a pure liquid in an open container?
I. Placing it in a smaller container
II. Increasing the number of moles of the liquid in the container
III. Moving the container and liquid to a higher altitude
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
14. Given that a solution is 5 percent sucrose by mass, what additional
information is necessary to calculate the molarity of the solution?
I. The density of water
II. The density of the solution
III. The molar mass of sucrose
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and III
(E) II and III
15.
X = CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
Y = CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
Z = HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
Based on concepts of polarity and hydrogen bonding, which of the following
sequences correctly lists the compounds above in the order of their increasing
solubility in water?
(A) Z < Y < X
(B) Y < Z < X
(C) Y < X < Z
(D) X < Z < Y
(E) X < Y < Z
16. Which of the following solutions has the lowest freezing point?
(A) 0.20 m C6H12O6, glucose
(B) 0.20 m NH4Br
(C) 0.20 m ZnSO4
(D) 0.20 m KMnO4
(E) 0.20 m MgCl2
17. Which of the following has the lowest conductivity?
(A) 0.1 M CuS04
(B) 0.1 M KOH
(C) 0.1 M BaCl2
(D) 0.1 M HF
(E) 0.1 M HNO3
18. If 87 grams of K2 SO4 (molar mass 174 grams) is dissolved in enough water
to make 250 milliliters of solution, what are the concentrations of the
potassium and the sulfate ions?
[K+]
[SO42¯]
(A) 0.020 M
0.020 M
(B) 1.0 M
2.0 M
(C) 2.0 M
1.0 M
(D) 2.0 M
2.0 M
(E) 4.0 M
2.0 M
19. If the temperature of an aqueous solution of NaCl is increased from 20 °C
to 90 °C, which of the following statements is true?
(A) The density of the solution remains unchanged.
(B) The molarity of the solution remains unchanged.
(C) The molality of the solution remains unchanged.
(D) The mole fraction of solute decreases.
(E) The mole fraction of solute increases.
20. A sample of 61.8 g of H3BO3, a weak acid is dissolved in 1,000 g of water
to make a 1.0-molal solution. Which of the following would be the best
procedure to determine to molarity of the solution? (Assume no additional
information is available.)
(A) Titration of the solution with standard acid
(B) Measurement of the pH with a pH meter
(C) Determination of the boiling point of the solution
(D) Measurement of the total volume of the solution
(E) Measurement of the specific heat of the solution
21. A 40.0 mL sample of 0.25 M KOH is added to 60.0 mL of 0.15 M
Ba(OH)2. What is the molar concentration of OH¯(aq) in the resulting
solution? (Assume that the volumes are additive)
A) 0.10 M
B) 0.19 M
C) 0.28 M
D) 0.40 M
E) 0.55 M
22. The volume of distilled water that should be added to 10.0 mL of 6.00 M
HCl(aq) in order to prepare a 0.500 M HCl(aq) solution is approximately
A) 50.0 mL
B) 60.0 mL
C) 100. mL
D) 110. mL
E) 120. mL
23. What is the final concentration of barium ions, [Ba2+], in solution when
100. mL of 0.10 M BaCl2(aq) is mixed with 100. mL of 0.050 M
H2SO4(aq)?
A) 0.00 M
B) 0.012 M
C) 0.025 M
D) 0.075 M
E) 0.10 M
24. Which of the following pairs of liquids forms the solution that is most ideal
(most closely follows Raoult's law)?
A) C8H18(l) and H2O(l)
B) CH3CH2CH2OH(l) and H2O(l)
C) CH3CH2CH2OH(l) and C8H18(l)
D) C6H14(l) and C8H18(l)
E) H2SO4(l) and H2O(l)
ANSWERS
1. E
2. E
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. C
9. C
10. A
11. E
12. C
13. C
14. E
15. E
16. E
17. D
18. E
19. C
20. D
21. C
22. D
23. C
24. D