‫مدرس مساعد ‪ /‬إيمان محمد أحمد الشاذلي‬
‫تمهيدا للحصول علي درجة الماجستير في إدارة التمريض‬
‫عنوان الرسالة‬
‫العالقة بين النمط القيادي والتمكين وتأثيرهما علي الرضا الوظيفي للمرضات في مستشفيات‬
‫جامعة أسيوط‬
‫الملخص العربي‬
‫تقوم أنظمة اعطاء الرعاية الصحية في األوقات الراهنة بإحداث تغيرات دراماتيكية في أنظمتها ‪،‬‬
‫ولكي تكون إدارة هذه التغيرات فعالة البد للقيادات التمريضية من فهم العمليات االجتماعية المؤثرة‬
‫علي اتجاهات العاملين المتعلقة بالعمل ‪ ،‬علي وجه الخصوص العمليات الخاصة بالنمط القيادي ‪،‬‬
‫والتمكين النفسي في بنية العمل ‪.‬‬
‫فمن خالل عمل الباحثة كمشرفة تمريض في مستشفي أسيوط الجامعي الحظت أن معظم‬
‫الممرضات يعانون من االتكالية وضعف التمكن النفسي وعدم الرضا الوظيفي مما أشعرها‬
‫بضرورة فحص العالقة بين النمط القيادي والتمكين والرضا الوظيفي بين هؤالء الممرضين‬
‫والممرضات العاملين بمستشفيات جامعة اسيوط ‪.‬‬
‫تم إجراء هذه الدراسة بهدف إستكشاف النمط القيادي المستخدم بواسطة مشرفات التمريض وذلك‬
‫من خالل استطالع آراء ( من وجهة نظر ) الممرضات والممرضين سواء أكان نمط قيادي تقليدي‬
‫أو حديث ‪ ،‬والعالقة بين النمط القيادي والنمط القيادي والتمكين النفسي وأثرهما علي الرضا‬
‫الوظيفي لدي الممرضات والممرضين ‪.‬‬
‫تم إجراء هذه الدراسة علي جميع الممرضات والممرضيين ( ‪ 131‬ممرض وممرضة ) العاملين‬
‫في وحدات الجراحة والباطنة العامة بمستشفيات جامعة أسيوط موزعين كالتالي ‪ )55( :‬حاصلين‬
‫علي دبلوم المدارس الثانوية الفنية للتمريض ‪ )67( ،‬حاصلين علي دبلوم تمريض باإلضافة إلي‬
‫تخصص في علوم التمريض ‪.‬‬
‫وقد تم إستخدام األدوات التالية إلجراء الدارسة ‪ )11 :‬استمارة البيانات الشخصية واالجتماعية‬
‫والتي اشتملت علي العمر ‪ ،‬الجنس ‪ ،‬الحالة االجتماعية ‪ ،‬الدخل ‪ ،‬المؤهل الدراسي ‪ ،‬سنوات‬
‫الخبرة ‪...‬إلخ ‪ )2( ،‬إستبيان لقياس النمط القيادي ( التقليدي ‪ ،‬الحديث ) والذي تكون من عشر جمل‬
‫مزدوجة والتي تعكس إدراك الممرضات لميل مشرفات التمريض إلستخدام أي من النمطين ‪)3( ،‬‬
‫مقياس التمكين النفسي والذي يتكون من أربع مقاييس فرعية وهم األهمية ‪ ،‬التمكين الوظيفي ‪،‬‬
‫االصرار الوظيفي ‪ ،‬التأثير الوظيفي ‪ )4( ،‬إستبيان الرضا الوظيفي والذي تم اعداده وتعديله‬
‫بواسطة الباحثة إستناد علي المراجع المتعلقة بالموضوع والدراسات السابقة ‪.‬‬
Eman Mohamed Ahmed
The relationship between Leadership style and empowerment and its
effect on job satisfaction of nurses in Assiut University Hospitals
Submitted for partial fulfillment of master
degree in nursing administration
summary
Health care delivery systems are experiencing dramatic organizational
changes . To manage changes effectively nursing leaders must understand
the social processes that affect employees work-related attitudes ,
particularly leadership style and psychological empowerment . Through
the researcher work as a head nurses are head in nurse in Assiut University
Hospital . It was observed that staff nurses are complaining from lack of
dependence , powerlessness and job dissatisfaction . Therefore , it was felt
necessary to examine the relationship between leadership styles , and
empowerment and job satisfaction among those staff nurses working at
Assiut University Hospitals .
The present study has been conducted to explore the head nurse
leadership styles which transformational or transactional as prescribed by
their staff nurses and the relation between the leadership styles and
empowerment and effects of leadership styles and empowerment on job
satisfaction of their staff nurses .
The study included all staff nurses working at general medical and
general surgical units (131) at Assiut University Hospitals , distributed as
follows , 55 had a diploma of secondary nursing school and 76 had a
diploma of specialty in addition .
The tools of the present study were socio-demographic data sheet,
including age , sex , martial status , income , nursing qualification and
years of experience . Transformational Transactional ( T.T) leadership
style questionnaire ( Schermerhorn , 1999 ) , this questionnaire consisted
of 10 pairs statements that reflect staff nurses perception of their head
nurse tendencies toward transformational ( TF) or transactional ( TA)
leadership styles psychological empowerment scale , which comprises four
subscales meaning , self determination , impact and competence , each
question is divided into 3 sub-questions ( Spreitzers , 1995 ) and job
satisfaction questionnaire , structured and modified by the researcher based
on the realted literatures and studies of Morsy ( 1992 ) and Rushdy (2001) .
Official approval to carry out the study was obtained from the hospital
administrators to collect the necessary date for the present study .
Permission was as well obtained from the director of nursing services
department .
After preparation of the tools and translation into Arabic , a pilot study
was conducted on twenty staff nurses from general medical and general
surgical department to assess the applicability of the tools used for data
collection and to identify problems that might be encountered during the
actual data collection . After making the necessary modification , the
investigator had begun to collect the data which taken approximately four
months started from October 2002 to January 2003 . The tools were
distributed to nurses in their clinical areas after full explanation of the
purpose of the study . All the tools were self administered . The researcher
was present for any clarifications .
The results of the present study revealed that :
- There were no statistically significant correlation between leadership
empowerment , and job satisfaction .
- There was no statistically significant associations between
empowerment and leadership style .
- There was no statistically significant association between
empowerment and job satisfaction .
- Transformational leadership style can influence job satisfaction in
ways that empowerment does not .
- There was a perfect negative statistically significant correlation
between the scores of transformational and transactional leadership
styles .
- There was a statistically significant negative effect of leadership score
on the score of job satisfaction .
- Nurse with least experience had a highest percentage of
empowerment and had highest rate of job satisfaction .
- There were statistically positive correlations among the various
factors related to job satisfaction especially between security and
recognition and negative statistically significant correlations between
security and self-actualization .
- Staff nurses with diploma had higher percentage of transactional style
less empowered , and less job satisfied .
- The majority of staff nurses were satisfied with factors related to
communication and work relationships promotion and self
actualization .
- The majority of staff nurses were dissatisfied with salaries and
incentives recognition , training and continuing education .
- Age is negatively associated to empowerment .