SPECIFICATION FOR RINGING-DATA EXCHANGE FILE FORMAT
Specification 3.40
The BTO Ringing Unit encourages the submission of ringing data (relating to newly-ringed
birds, retraps and recoveries, including controls) in the form of computer data files via email
to ringing.data@bto.org or on floppy disks. To enable smooth operation of this system, and
minimise the risk of incorrect data being incorporated into the BTO’s computerised archives,
there are two essential requirements:
ALL data files and disks MUST conform to the format expected by the system; and
ALL data to be submitted MUST have passed a preliminary verification,
performed by a program supplied by the BTO, before despatch to BTO HQ.
This document sets out the technical specification for the content and format of computer data
files (and disks) containing ringing data for verification and subsequent submission to the
BTO Ringing Unit. This format applies to ALL such files and not just to those produced
using the IPMR (and B-RING) programs.
This document is primarily intended for users who wish to prepare appropriate submission
files using their own systems and programs; most of the information it contains will be
embodied in the relevant parts of the IPMR program, so users of this program do not need to
study it unless they wish to do so. Ringers writing their own software should follow this
specification carefully. Please note that all data will still have to be verified (in IPMR) before
submission to BTO HQ.
Queries about the procedure for sending emails or submitting disks and the data on them
should be directed to BTO HQ (Tel: 01842 750050, Email: ringing@bto.org); for
programming and other technical queries:
IPMR
Mark Cubitt (Email: mark@cubes.f9.co.uk).
B-RING
David Coker ( Tel: 0118-901-6339, Email: david.coker@btinternet.com).
Submission of Ringing Data Files
A ringing data submission file should be prepared and submitted to the Ringing Unit:
a) when 3 months have elapsed since the last file was submitted AND there are at least
200 newly-ringed birds to be reported;
OR
b) when 6 months have elapsed since ringing of a bird which has not yet been reported to
the Ringing Unit;
OR
c) when the number of newly-ringed birds not yet reported reaches 1,000 (irrespective of
the time elapsed since the last file was submitted);
OR
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d) by the end of February at the very latest in each year if any bird ringed in the
previous year has not yet been reported to the Ringing Unit;
OR
e) if there is a specific need to submit a submission file at a particular time (eg to report a
newly-controlled bird).
A ringing data submission file should include details of all birds ringed but not yet reported to
the Ringing Unit at the time the file is prepared; so a file submitted under d) above may
include details of birds ringed in January or February of the current year in addition to those
ringed in the previous year.
Each file should be emailed to ringing.data@bto.org or on put a clearly labelled disk, which
should be mailed to BTO HQ using a disk mailer obtainable from the Ringing Unit.
Email
The email must contain the following information:
 Name(s) and Permit number(s) of ringer(s), partnership(s) and/or group(s) whose data are
in the file(s)
 Name(s) of data file(s) which are attached (see below)
 One or more attached submission files
 Explanatory remarks eg if file(s) contains corrections to data already submitted
Disk Format
The following disk format is also acceptable:
PC:
3½” high (1.44MB) density disks
Disk Label
The disk must have affixed a label containing the following information:
Name(s) and permit number(s) of ringer(s), partnership(s) and/or group(s) whose data
are on the disk
Name(s) of data file(s), which are on the disk (see below)
Pre-printed labels with space for this information are available from the Ringing Unit.
Disk Volume Label (ie 'volume label' or 'name' stored magnetically on the disk itself).
This label has no significance to the Ringing Unit system; accordingly it may have any value
or be left blank.
Email or Disk Contents
An email will have attached, or disk will carry, one or more data files each conforming to the
data file naming scheme and format specified below. An email or single disk may carry files
for more than one ringer/partnership/group. However ALL records (whether for newlyringed birds, retraps or recoveries, including controls) in an individual file must include
the same permit number (ie the permit number to which the newly-used rings were
issued or transferred); for controlled birds reported in a submission file the Ringing Unit
will send the original ringing details to the address on record for the permit number specified
in that file, or member of the public (MOP) finder if the details are included in the finder field
(94).
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Data for birds ringed outside UK and Ireland using BTO scheme rings can (from 2005) be
submitted electronically using a separate foreign version of IPMR, available directly from
Mark Cubitt.
No files other than verified ringing data files should be present on the disk.
Data File Names
A ringing data file name must have the general form
NNNNN.YYS
where:
NNNNN (permit number) is the single number to which the new rings reported in the file
were issued or transferred. The permit number should be expressed as two to five digits, with
no leading zeroes; the permit type (eg A) and any endorsement (eg M or P) should not be
included. This number is followed by a full stop.
YY (year of preparation) is the calendar year in which the data file was prepared for
submission to the Ringing Unit. A data file may contain data for handlings in years prior to
the year of preparation (eg the first file prepared in each year may contain data for remaining
unreported rings used at the end of the previous year). The year should be expressed as two
digits (decades and units), with a leading zero if necessary (eg 96 for 1996, 02 for 2002).
S (sequence indicator) is one plus the total number of files already prepared and submitted to
the Ringing Unit in relation to the permit number NNNNN during the current calendar year.
This sequence number should start at 1, and increment by 1 for each successive file
submitted; if more than nine files are submitted in one calendar year, the sequence indicator
should step through the letters of the alphabet, starting with A (=10).
Thus the fifth file in 2001 containing data on rings issued to permit number 3242 would be
named 3242.015, the twelfth file would be named 3242.01C, and the eighth file in 2002
would be named 3242.028.
ZIP file submissions
One (and only one) data file can be included within a zip file. The name of the included file
must conform to the specification above. The ZIP file name must be of the format
NNNNN_YYS.zip where these are defined as above. Files produced in v2.2 of IPMR (2005
onwards) will be automatically zipped as part of the submission creation process.
Data File Format
A ringing data file must consist of one or more records (lines), each record giving the details
for a single bird in accordance with the data record format specified below, followed by a
total count record as specified below. The contents of a file must be in plain text form, ie as a
sequence of ASCII codes representing the sequence of alphanumeric characters forming the
data items and their separators. Data should not be stored in any further-encoded form (such
as the encoding of numeric values). Decimal points should be included explicitly where
relevant.
A ringing data file may contain records for rings of one or more sizes, and records may be in
any order.
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Header Record Format
The first record should be a comment line containing a structured set of values. Each value is
separated by a comma and must not contain a comma. The format is:
SOFTWARE VALIDATION CREATION DATE/TIME, APPVERSION, SPECIFICATION,
OS
eg
*IPMR,I,15/04/2004 15:02,2.1.75,3.30,3.95
Field
SOFTWARE
Meaning
Software that created file
VALIDATION
Type of validation: Internal
or External
Date and time that
submission file created
Version of Application that
produced file
Submission specification
version
Operating system running
software
CREATION DATE/TIME
APPVERSION
SPECIFICATION
OS
Valid values
*IPMR,
*B-RING
*MACRING
I or E
or
dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm
Application determined eg
2.1.75 or 2.20
3.30 or 3.40
DOS or Windows version eg
3.95
Optionally a second comment line can be present which allows the submitter to specify an
email address. The EMAILADDRESS must contain no spaces and one @ character. The
format is:
*mailto:EMAILADDRESS
eg
*mailto:bridget.griffin@bto.org
Further comment lines (which must start with an asterisk), for example containing warnings
about not altering the content of the file may be added as required.
Data Record Format
A data record consists of a series of fields. The content and required sequence of these fields
are specified in Appendix A.
Successive fields are separated by a comma character (ASCII code 44). Any field, which may
include a comma character (including PLACE NAME – field 20 and EXTRA TEXT - field
63) must be enclosed in double quote marks (ASCII code 34); double quote marks are not
permitted within any field. Any field for which there is no value is left empty but the comma
characters separating it from adjacent fields must still be present (ie two commas immediately
following one another signify a null field); thus each record must have a full complement of
comma separators (one fewer than the total number of fields). There must not be any leading
or trailing spaces in any field. Where code fields contain alphabetic characters these must be
in upper case.
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Every record (line) in a data file must be self-contained, with all relevant values indicated
explicitly. No ditto marks should be used, even if the value of a field is repeated in
successive records.
The end of a record is marked by a new line character sequence, the exact form of which
varies from system to system; for MS-DOS files it is a CRLF pair (ASCII 13,10); for
Macintosh files it is a CR alone (ASCII 13).
Total Count Record Format
After the last record in a file the total count of data records in the file should be indicated on a
separate line, as a sequence of ASCII codes representing the digits making up the count,
followed by an end of record marker. This count is exclusive of comment lines and the total
record count itself; thus a file containing fifty data records, for a complete string of rings,
would end with a total record count containing the value 50 (and not 51).
Note: The data file format specified above is different from that of the BTO MicroComputer Coding Scheme for Bird Ringing Data (used by B-RING for data files): in
particular the identity and sequence of data fields are fixed, so there is no header.
Data Verification
In order to minimise the risk of incorrect or suspect data entering the BTO's computer
archives, all ringing data files to be supplied to the Ringing Unit must pass a preliminary
verification before despatch to the BTO HQ. This verification can be carried out using
IPMR, which can be downloaded from the BTO website (www.bto.org). The program is also
available (on CD only) free of charge from the Ringing Unit.
IPMR Captures> Validate externally produced submission files menu option reads data files
conforming to the format defined above and performs various checks (eg validity of species,
habitat and region codes, appropriate ring size - as indicated by the ring number - for the
species, consistency between codes used in different fields, and consistency of any biometrics
with expected ranges for the species). Any discrepancy is reported to the user, alternatively
original data files can be amended, a new file for the Ringing Unit prepared and the
verification program re-run. If no discrepancy is found a verification code derived from the
contents of the data file is appended to the file to indicate to the BTO computer system that
the verification has been completed successfully.
The data fields specified in Appendix A include some that are mandatory and some that are
optional (eg for biometrics, though ringers are strongly encouraged to submit these).
Sometimes a computer program for preparing ringing data according to this format may not
have all the mandatory data available to it (eg a user's data files may not contain details of the
original ring carried by a re-ringed bird). In this case a preliminary data file must be edited
manually (eg to insert the original ring number) prior to verification.
Other Notes
1
Handlings (new birds, retraps or recoveries, including controls) should be reported to
the Ringing Unit once only in a ringing submission file; such a file should not
normally contain details of rings reported in a previous submission file. However,
repetition of a record is permissible to correct any inaccuracy in the record as
originally submitted.
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Note: for any duplicate records that are received by the Ringing Unit the latest
version is generally assumed to be correct (unless it is obvious that it was sent in
error).
Likewise, details of a controlled bird, which are reported in a submission file should
not be reported on a paper recovery form as well. (If it is desired to report a
controlled bird without delay, a submission file may be submitted with a file
containing a single record relating to that bird.). If the original ringing details have
not been received from the Ringing Unit for the control, DO NOT resubmit the
control in a subsequent data file, contact the Ringing Unit to check the reason for the
delay.
Note that, if the ringing details for a bird are specifically requested by the Ringing
Unit (ie on a 'Blue Card'), the requested information should be supplied immediately
by sending in a data submission file.
2
Ringers ringing species on Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act at sites
they wish to be confidential should submit the open details. Confidential details
should be sent in on paper schedules – see Ringers’ Manual for details.
3
It is suggested that programs for preparing ringing data submission files should
produce a report summarising the contents of a file by species and record type, species
and place, and species and date. This report is not required by the Ringing Unit but
may assist the user to make a manual cross-check of the records contained in the file.
4
A comma-delimited file as required by this specification is available as an output
option in a variety of commercial application programs, such as spreadsheet and
database programs.
5
When a submission file is received at BTO HQ it is scanned for viruses. Email
submissions receive an immediate, automated reply. Attached email files and disk
files are checked for record counts and validation codes and then the data files are
copied over to the BTO's main computer where additional checks are performed (eg
for new rings, were the rings issued or transferred to the relevant permit number).
Once the data have been transferred, a reply email is sent or the disk is returned
confirming data have been loaded. If any problems have been encountered it may not
be possible to transfer part or all of a file, in this case a note of the problem is returned
with the email or disk and the ringer is asked to resubmit the data
6
Examples of the format specified above are given in Appendix B2
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List of Appendices
A Content & Sequence of Fields
comprising a Ringing Data Record
B 1: Example ringing data records;
2: Example ringing data file
C Ringing Scheme codes
D Species codes for birds occurring in
Britain and Ireland
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E
F
G
H
I
7
Habitat Codes
EURING region codes
Species with precocial young or others
where brood size may not be known
Colour Mark Coding
Race Codes
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APPENDIX A-1
Summary of Fields comprising a Ringing Data Record
1 Record type
2 Permit number
37 Time of weighing
38 Wing measurer’s
initials
39 Wing length
40 State of wing point
41 Length of primary
feather
42 Moult code
43 Primary moult score
44 Primary moult
45 Old greater coverts
46 Alula
47 Bill length method
73 Userc1
74 Userc2
12 Sexing method
48 Bill length
84
13 Activity code 1
85
14 Activity code 2
49 Total head length/THL
(head+bill length)
50 Bill depth method
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
3 Ringing scheme
4 Ring number
5 Species
6
7
8
9
10
11
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Age
Sex
Pulli ringed
Pulli alive
Condition of bird
Ring information
Date of capture
Time of capture
Habitat code 1
Habitat code 2
Registered site code
Place name
Region code
Grid reference
Grid reference
accuracy
Latitude - degrees
Latitude - minutes
Latitude hemisphere
Longitude - degrees
Longitude - minutes
Longitude hemisphere
Co-ordinate accuracy
Finding condition
Other ringing scheme
Other ring number
Biometrics flag
Weight
Date of weighing
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Bill depth
Tarsus method
Tarsus length
Tail length
Claw length
Plumage
Brood patch
Fat score
Pectoral muscle score
60 Capture method
61 Pullus Stage code
62 Race
75 Userc3
76 Userc4
77 Userc5
78
79
80
81
82
83
86
96
97
98
Userv1
Userv2
Userv3
Userv4
Userv5
Left leg below tarsus
colour mark
Right leg below tarsus
colour mark
Left leg above tarsus
colour mark
Right leg above tarsus
colour mark
Neck collar colour mark
Left wing colour mark
Right wing colour mark
Nasal colour mark
Sample
Time nearest high tide
Fat score method
Finder
IPMR Observation Bird
Identifier
Project code 1
Project Registration 1
Project code 2
63 Submission extra text
64 Validation codes
65 Capture type
99 Project Registration 2
100 Project code 3
101 Project Registration 3
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Place code
Subsite
Processor’s Initials
Date accuracy
Finding circumstances
Own data
Own data 2
8
Body Moult code
Tail Fork length
Extractor’s Initials
Ringer’s Initials
Checker’s Initials
Nest Recorder code
Nest Record Number
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109 Euring code
110 Sibley-monroe
Species Code
111 CES subsite type
112 Secondaries moult
scores
113 Tail Moult scores
114 Primary covert
moult scores
115 Greater covert
moult scores
116 Carpal covert
moult scores
117 Alula moult scores
118 Left wing primary
moult scores
119 Left wing
Secondaries moult
scores
120 LeftTail Moult
scores
121 Left wing Primary
covert moult scores
122 Left wing Greater
covert moult scores
123 Left wing Carpal
covert moult score
124 Left wing Alula
moult scores
125 Lesser & Medium
covert moult
126 Underwing covert
moult
127 Head moult
128 Upperparts moult
129 Underparts moult
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130 BTO Record_ID
131 Edit_flag
132 Moved by
133 Finding
Circumstances
Presumed
134 BTO Extra Text
135 Ring Number Verified
136 Identification Verified
137 BTO Finder
138 Reporter
139 Submission Flag
140 Captures Key
141 Submission Finding
Circumstance Code
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APPENDIX A-2
Content and Sequence of Fields comprising a Ringing Data Record
Fields marked *** must always contain a value; fields marked ** must normally contain a
value; fields marked * must have a value for certain categories of record, as indicated.
This record format is independent of the BTO coding scheme for ringing data held on
computers. However, to assist users of that scheme the fields in that scheme which
correspond to fields specified in this record format are indicated where appropriate.
1
***
Record type (RTYPE$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
N
R
1
2
3
C
4
5
6
S
8
O
A
X
9
P
E
M
New bird (or ring lost/missing/destroyed)
Retrap
Retrap, ring replaced
Retrap, ring added
Retrap, already with two rings
Control
Control, ring replaced
Control, ring added
Control, already with two rings
Control (field record/Observation)1
Control (field record/Observation) already with two (metal) rings
Retrap (field recordObservation)– usually ringer’s Own bird
Anything Else2
Dead (except pulli which die before fledging)
Dead, already with two rings
Pullus which died before fledging (must be the sole record for a bird ie
should be used instead of N where a bird is ringed and subsequently dies
before fledging) Keep date the same = date of ringing
New bird, excluded from ringing totals
(eg captive-bred birds, birds in poor condition, birds captive for more than
24 hours)
Measurement only (Metal ring number not known)
1
Sightings/Observations are reports of metal or colour rings read in the field, or records from satellite, RFID tag
or radio tag without the bird being caught. They may be either controls or retraps.
2 ie alive but not a new bird, control, retrap or sighting, or not known if alive. Eg ringed bird, which came down
neighbours chimney and was handed to ringer, note put through ringers letterbox with note of a ring number but
no indication if bird alive or dead and no contact name and address.
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





For type E, an appropriate Condition code (H, P, C or R) must also appear in the
condition of the bird field (field 10).
For types R, C, S, O, 1 to 6 and 8, the time (typically of capture) must appear in
the time field (field 16), to enable multiple records of a bird on one day to be
distinguished.
For types R, C and 1 to 6, the appropriate code (8, or 7 if the bird was caught and
released by a member of the public) must also appear in the Finding Condition
field (field 31).
For types X and 9, the appropriate code (1, 2, 3 21 or 22) must also appear in the
Finding Condition field (field 31), and a brief description of finding
circumstances must also appear in the Submission Extra Text field (field 63).
For types O, S and 8, the appropriate code (89, or 79 if the sighting was by a
member of the public) must also appear in the Finding Condition field. and the
type of ring read selected from the list in the Finding Circumstances field (field
70).
For type A the appropriate code (0, 4 5, 6, 7 or 9) must also appear in the Finding
Condition field (field 31) and a brief description of the bird’s condition (eg found
sick, released), and the circumstances in which it was found must appear in the
Submission Extra Text field (field 63).
For types N, E and P no code should appear in the finding condition field.
2
***
Permit number (RPN)
Numeric max 5.
For new birds: the permit number to which the ring identified at field 4 was issued or
transferred.
For retraps and controls: the permit number of the group, partnership or individual
‘A’ ringer responsible (ie to whom rings used at the site were issued).
Two to five digits, with no leading zeroes; permit type (eg A) and any endorsement
(eg M, P) should be omitted (eg 579, 3079).
3
***
Ringing scheme (SCHEME$).
Character = 3.
The code for the ringing scheme which issued the ring identified at field 4 - Ring
Number (see Appendix C); for all newly-ringed birds (record types N, P and E or 1,
2, 4, 5) this is GBT
4
***
Ring number (RING$)
Character max 12.
Record type
Contents of this field
N,E,P
The number of the ring placed on the bird, must be a valid and
existing ring number
R,C,S,X,P,O,A
The number of the ring already on the bird
1,2,4,5
The number of the new ring placed on the bird, must be a valid
and existing ring number
3,6,8,9
The number of one of the two rings on the bird
Missing or unreadable characters should be entered as _ (underscore), not valid for
newly ringed birds (record types N, P, E or 1, 2, 4, 5) 12 characters maximum
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5
***
Species (SPEC$)
Character = 5.
Species code from the approved Ringing Unit list (see Appendix D). Note that names
which contain fewer than five letters are padded with trailing periods (eg JAY..,
KNOT., WREN.). The following codes are also allowed:
*LOST
ring lost
*MISS
ring missing
*DEST
ring destroyed
HYBRI hybrid species; when used then the names of the species must appear in
the Extra Text field
*UNKN ring used but ringing data lost
If code ****1 is used for a rarity then the name of the species must appear in the
Submission Extra Text field (field 63).
6**
Age (AGE$)
Character max 2.
EURING age code. 1J, 2J, 3J, 5J, 4I, 6I and 8I should be entered where appropriate.
Note that the code for pullus is 1, not P. Required value except for rings lost /
missing / destroyed/unknown. Maximum value 16.
7
Sex (SEX$).
Character = 1.
Sex. M or F; leave empty if not known
8*
Pulli ringed (BFRACT1%)
Numeric max 2.
Total number of birds ringed in this brood. Leading zeroes are not necessary.
Required for pulli (age code 1) including record type (field 1) P (ie pullus which died
before fledging). Where number from a brood that have been ringed is not known
because of creching then enter 1.
Where some pulli are removed for
ringing,translocation & release (eg Red Kite) then record the number ringed at the
time (ie not including the ones removed to be ringed at another location) but the pulli
alive should be recorded as the total number of pulli (ie include the ones removed for
release elsewhere). A supplementary note in the submission text field (field 63)
noting ‘X pulli removed for translocation & release’ should be inlcuded).
Optional for local young (age code 1J) and young (age code 3) Mute Swans. Not
allowed for other age codes.
9*
Pulli alive (BFRACT2%).
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Numeric max 2.
Total number of birds alive in this brood at the time of ringing, including runts and
any others not ringed (including those that are removed for translocation & release eg
Red Kites). Must be a figure not less than Pulli Ringed. Must not be present if Pulli
Ringed value not present. For species with precocial young as given in Appendix G if
the brood size is not known (eg Lapwings), leave empty. If number of pulli alive is
not known and species is not listed in Appendix G then this field can be left blank if
an explanatory comment is added to Extra Text (field 63). Leading zeroes are not
necessary. Required for pulli (age code 1) if known unless record type (field 1) is P
(ie pullus which died before fledging). Optional for local young (age code 1J) and
young (age code 3) Mute Swans
10*
Condition of bird (COND$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
H
captive-bred (ie with Human involvement)
P
Poor condition
C
Captive more than 24 hours
M
Manipulated on ringing (eg radio transmitter added)
R
in poor condition because captured (Ringing accident)
N
held over Night
T
transported To place specified at fields 19 to 30
K
Fledging provoKed
 If code T is specified here, the place specified at fields 19 to 30 must be the place
where the bird is released.
 If multiple codes are applicable the one which occurs first in the list should be
selected: for example, if a radio transmitter is fitted to a bird which is held
overnight, the correct code is M.
 Required (with value H, P, C or R) if the record type (field 1) is E. H only
allowed with record type E
 Record type N not permitted for P, C and H
11*
Ring information (RINFO$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
U
individual (Unique) colour mark, eg Wing tag
I
Individual colour ring combination
M
colour Mark (not ring), not individually identifiable, eg leg flag or dye
R
conventional colour Ring(s), not individually Identifiable
A
any metal ring Above tarsus
W
Wing tag (not a ring or colour mark), ie this bird is wing-tagged instead of
being ringed; normally only used for penguins, not for coloured wing tags
(which are codes U or M)
O
On tarsus (indicates re-ringed at finding)
S
Metal ring already present
X
Metal ring removed
N
No metal ring
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If multiple codes are applicable the one which occurs first in the list should be
selected: for example, if a wader is dye-marked and has a metal ring above the tarsus,
the correct code is M.
Required only for records where a colour mark has been added or changed, where the
colour mark codes are detailed in the appropriate field (83-90) otherwise leave blank
(see fields 83-90).
12*
Sexing method (SXMTD$)
Character = 1.
Required if birds sexed by using method other than plumage. In order to provide
information on breeding seasons ringers are asked to collect this information even
when birds have been sexed using plumage.
One code only, from the following list:
D
DNA
T
DissecTed
L
Laproscopy
E
internal cloacal Examination
C
Cloacal protuberance (males only)
B
Brood patch (females only)
S
Size difference (ie a measurement such as wing length is the only criterion of
sexing)
A
Activity
 If multiple codes are applicable, the one that occurs first in the list should be
selected: for example, B for sexed on brood patch and measurement.
 Code C may only be used if sex is M Code B may only be used if sex is F
13*
Activity code 1 (ACT$)
Character = 1.
Required if bird is carrying out any of these activities when caught. One code only,
from the following list:
A
Artificial bait – provided intentionally or
Unintentionally
T
Tape lured
L
at Lighthouse
S
at Sea
N
Nesting/breeding adult
C
at Colony (must not be used for pulli)
M
Moult of wings or tail
R
at Roost
P
on Passage
W
Wintering
If multiple codes are applicable, the one that occurs first in the list should be selected;
a second code may be entered in the following field only if this field is completed. If
active moult is indicated among the biometrics (ie fields 42, 43 or 44), code M should
be entered here or in the next field if higher priority codes are not already in these
fields. Conversely, code M should not be present if any of fields 42, 43 or 44 contain
a value but, of those that are present, none indicate active moult (NB Active moult is
defined as a bird which is currently growing some wing or tail feathers). It is
acceptable for all of fields 42, 43 and 44 to be blank and Activity code to be M.
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14*
Activity code 2 (ACT2$)
Character = 1.
One code only, as for Activity code 1. May only be completed if Activity code 1 is
present.
15 ** Date of capture (DAY%,MONTH%,YEAR%)
Numeric = 8.
In sequence day month year, all as numbers with leading zeroes.
The year should have four digits.
Examples: 1 January 1996 = 01011996, 29 September 2002 = 29092002.
Required except for rings lost/missing/destroyed/Unknown. If date is not known
exactly, the beginning and end of the range of possible dates should be put in the
Submission Extra Text field (field 63), and the appropriate date accuracy in days in
the Date Accuracy field ( field 69).
16 *
Time of capture (and possibly of weighing) (TIMC% or TIM%)
Numeric = 4.
Local time (eg BST in summer, GMT in winter): 24-hour clock, hours and minutes,
IPMR (and B-RING) allow four digits to be input.
Required if the record type (field 1) is R, C, S, 1 to 6 or 8 (retrap, control, etc.), or if
there is an interval between capture and weighing (eg cannon-net catches of waders,
and roost catches). If time of capture is the same as time of weighing, duplicate time
of weighing here.
17 ** Habitat code 1 (HAB1$)
Character = 2.
One two-character habitat code, using the appropriate letter and Column A code from
the BTO Habitat Coding Scheme (see Appendix E; note that code G10 becomes GA
for electronic ringing data files).
Required except for rings
lost/missing/destroyed/unknown or when Finding Condition = 8 or 89 and (in IPMR)
where Place code is not an Owner Place. In this case the user should be requested to
enter the habitat code if it is known.
18
Habitat code 2 (HAB2$)
Character = 2.
One optional additional habitat code, as for Habitat code 1. May only be completed if
Habitat code 1 is present. Should not be the same as Habitat code 1.
19 ** Registered site code (REGCODE$)
Character = 3.
(Applicable only to birds ringed within the British Isles) 3-letter site code, Alphabetic
characters only. if any, registered with the Ringing Unit under the permit number
at field 2 in respect of the place of ringing or of release if transported - Condition
code T (field 10). From summer 2005 new sites are no longer registered, but existing
registered site codes will be maintained and submitted in electronic data files.
20 ** Place name (PLNAME$)
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Character max 40, enclosed in (and not including) double quote marks
Name of place of ringing or of release if transported – Condition code T (field 10).
Omit if the ring is lost/missing/destroyed/unknown; otherwise must be included.
In the case of confidential ringing sites, this field should contain the text “Site
Confidential” (including the double-quote marks) it may also contain a vague name
(see Other Notes - 2 above) or its registered site code.
For ERH Sitename1 & Sitename2 on the ORACLE Sites table are concatenated,
separated by a comma, to a maximum of 80 Characters.
21 ** Region code (IRPL$)
Character max 5 (field length of 4 for 3.40 spec or lower for foreign places).
EURING region (county) code (see Appendix F). Required except for rings
lost/missing/destroyed/unknown.
22 ** Grid reference (GRID$)
Character max 6.
(Applicable only to birds ringed in Britain and Ireland). Character Grid reference of
ringing place, to 1 km accuracy. Two letters (or I and one letter for Ireland) followed
by four digits. Required except for rings lost/missing/destroyed/unknown.
23
Grid reference Accuracy (GRIDACC$)
Numeric max 2.
(Applicable only to birds ringed in Britain and Ireland). Grid reference accuracy:
distance in km (0,1 or 2) of maximum extent of site from central location identified at
field 22 or deliberate inaccuracy in km (5 to 25 or 99) of grid reference for a
confidential ringing record.
24 *
Latitude – degrees (IRLA$)
Numeric max 2.
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland)
Degrees part of latitude of ringing place (0 to 90).
25 * Latitude – minutes (IRLA$)
Numeric max 2.
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland).
Minutes part of latitude of ringing place (0 to 59).
26 * Latitude – hemisphere (IRLA$)
Character = 1.
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland).
Hemisphere containing latitude of ringing place: N for North or S for South.
27 * Longitude – degrees (IRLO$)
Numeric max 3 .
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland)
Degrees part of longitude of ringing place (0 to 180).
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28 * Longitude – minutes (IRLO$)
Numeric max 2.
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland).
Minutes part of longitude of ringing place (0 to 59).
29 * Longitude – hemisphere (IRLO$)
Character = 1.
(Applicable only to, and required for, birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland).
Hemisphere containing longitude of ringing place: E for East or W for West.
30
Co-ordinate accuracy (IRLACC$)
Character max 3.
(Applicable only to birds ringed outside Britain and Ireland).
As a numeric value alone if in minutes; as a numeric value followed by the letter D if
in degrees.
31 * Finding condition (FIND$)
Numeric max 2.
One code only, from the following list:
0
Unknown
1
Dead - no information on how recently
2
Freshly dead (died less than one week ago)
21
Destroyed
22
Dying
3
Dead: Not fresh (died more than one week ago)
4
Sick or injured: now released
5
Sick or injured: not released or not known if released
6
Alive and probably healthy and taken into captivity
7
Alive and probably healthy and released by non- ringer
79
Field record by non-ringer
8
Controlled (by a ringer)
89
Field record by a ringer
9
Alive and probably healthy, fate unknown
The normal code for a bird controlled or retrapped and released after examination of
the ring is 8. Required if the record type (field 1) is R, C, 1 to 6, S, 8, O, X, 9 or A.
32 * Other ringing scheme (SCHEM2$)
Character = 3.
The code for the ringing scheme that issued the ring identified at field 33 (see
Appendix C); GBT for the BTO ringing scheme. Required if there is a second ring
at field 33.
33
Other ring number (RING2$)
Character max 12.
Record type Contents of this field
1,2,4,5
The number of the old ring already on the bird
3,6,8,9
The number of the other of the two rings on the bird
Missing or unreadable characters should be entered as _ (underscore). 12 characters
maximum. This field should be empty for all other record types.
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34
***
Biometrics flag This is an indicator to help ORACLE processing at BTO HQ.
Numeric = 1.
Fields 1-34, 60,63-82,94,95-101, 104-111 and 130-131 are ignored for the biometrics
flag.
Fields 35-59, 61,62, 91-93, 102-103 and 112-129 are defined as group A
(Biometrics). Fields 83-90 are defined as group B (colour marks).
Biometrics flag values:
0 if no values in group a or b
1 if values in group a
2 if values in group b
3 if values in group a & b
35
Weight (WT%)
Numeric(real) max 7.
Weight in grams, to a maximum precision of 0.1 g, with explicit decimal point (up to
five digits plus, if appropriate, decimal point and fraction digit).
36 * Date of weighing (WTDTE$)
Numeric = 8.
In sequence day month year, all as numbers with leading zeroes.
The year should have four digits.
Examples: 1 January 1996 = 01011996, 29 September 2002 = 29092002. Required
if a weight is given at field 35; if date of weighing is the same as the date of capture
(field 15), repeat date of capture here. Must be equal to, or after, date of capture.
Not required if Capture Date/Time are not recorded, or a weight is not recorded.
37 * Time of weighing (WTTIME%)
Numeric = 4.
Local time (eg BST in summer, GMT in winter): 24-hour clock, hours and minutes, .
IPMR and B-RING allow four digits to be input. Required if a weight is given at
field 35. Must be equal to, or later than, time of capture if date of weighing is same
as date of capture. IF weight is given but no time is recorded, defaults to time of
capture but IPMR issues a warning to record the time of weighing.
Not required if Capture Date/Time are not recorded, or a weight is not recorded.
38
Wing measurer's initials (WINGINIT$)
Character max 3.
Initials of the person making the wing measurement recorded at field 39. Uppercase
character.
39
Wing length (WING%)
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Numeric(real) max 5.
Wing length in millimetres, to a maximum precision of 0.5 mm, with explicit decimal
point (up to three digits plus decimal point plus fraction digit); flattened and
straightened (Svensson method 3). It is recommended that wing length normally be
measured to the nearest millimetre; however, a higher precision is permitted here to
accommodate occasional circumstances in which it is justified.
40
State of wing point (POINT$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
A
Abraded
V
Very abraded
B
Broken
G
Growing
M
feather Missing
There should be no wing measurement recorded in WING% if codes V, B, G or M
are recorded, except for pullus for which G is permitted.
41
Length of primary feather (PRIML%)
Numeric(real) max 5.
Length of primary feather (usually the eighth, numbered descendently) in
millimetres, to nearest 0.5 mm, with explicit decimal point (up to three digits plus
decimal point plus fraction digit).
42
Moult code (MOULT$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
J
wholly Juvenile plumage
P
undergoing Post-juvenile body moult (see codes M, A if in full postjuvenile moult)
B
undergoing active Body moult - not a post-juvenile moult and not part of a
Full moult of wings and tail
O
Old plumage, no body or main moult (includes birds that have completed
partial post-juvenile moult, and also birds of unknown age in Autumn before
31/12
S
Starting body moult: main moult yet to start – wings and tail old
E
Ending body moult: main moult finished - wings and tail new
N
New plumage following main moult, no body or main moult (used for birds
that have recently completed moult. Not used after 31 December)
M*
active Moult of wings and tail (main moult)
A
Arrested wing moult (primaries or secondaries)
T
Post-juvenile moult involving Tail or Tertials
*if Moult Code = M then ACT$ or ACT2$ (fields 12 or 13) should be set to M if not
already in use for other higher priority activity codes.
43
Primary moult score (PPSC%)
Numeric max 2.
Sum of moult scores (see next field) for primary feathers (0 to 50).
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



If Primary Moult (field 44) is completed then this field must equal the sum of the
first ten numeric values in field 44. A code of V in primary moult (field 44)
should be scored as 0. If a code of U appears in primary moult (field 44), then
this field should not be completed.
If the Primary Moult Score is 1-49 (inclusive) then ACT$ or ACT2$ (fields 12 or
13) should be set to M if not already in use for other higher priority activity
codes, unless score is because of arrested moult.
If there is a value in Moult code and the Primary Moult Score is not 0 or 50 then
Moult code must be M or A.
If Moult code is A then Primary Moult Score must end in 0 or 5 as individual
codes must all be 0, 5 or V.
44
Primary moult (PPMLT$)
Character max 20.
Between ten and twenty moult scores for individual primary feathers, in sequence
from the body outwards (descendently): 0 (zero, not letter O) for old to 5 (not letter
N) for full grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use code U for feathers
where unknown if old or new.
 If any of the 10 Primary Moult Scores is 1-4 then ACT$ or ACT2$ (fields 12 or
13) should be set to “M” if not already in use of other higher priority activity
codes.
 If Moult code is A then individual moult scores must not be in the range 1-4. If
there is a value in Moult code and the sum of the individual moult scores is not 0
or 50 then the Moult code must be M or A.
45
Old greater coverts (OGC%)
Numeric =2.
Progress of post-juvenile moult through the greater coverts – number of old greater
coverts (0 to 10).
46
Alula (ALULA%)
Numeric = 1.
Progress of post-juvenile moult through the two largest feathers of the alula; one
code only, from the following list:
0
both old
1
largest old, other new
2
largest new, other old
3
both new
47 * Bill length method (BLMTD$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
S
to Skull
F
to Feathers
C
to Cere
N
to Nostril
Required if a bill length measurement is given at field 48.
48
Bill length (BILL%)
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Numeric(real) max 5.
Length of bill in millimetres, to a precision of 0.1 mm if less than 100 mm; normally
to a precision of 1 mm if 100 mm or more (maximum precision of 0.1 mm), with
explicit decimal point (up to three digits plus, if appropriate, decimal point and
fraction digit).
49
THL (head+bill length) (THL%)
Numeric(real) max 5.
Total head length (length of head plus bill) in millimetres, to a precision of 0.1 mm if
less than 100 mm; normally to a precision of 1 mm if 100 mm or more (maximum
precision of 0.1 mm), with explicit decimal point (up to three digits plus, if
appropriate, decimal point and fraction digit).
50 * Bill depth method (BDMTD$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
N
at distal edge of Nostril
T
at Tip
D
at Deepest point along bill
G
at proximal end of Gonys
F
at Feathers
B
at Bone
M
at Midpoint
O
at any Other point
Required if a bill depth measurement is given at field 51
51
Bill depth (BILLD%)
Numeric(real) max 4.
Depth of bill in millimetres, definitely to a precision of 0.1 mm, with explicit decimal
point (up to two digits plus, if appropriate, decimal point and fraction digit).
52 * Tarsus method (TSMTD$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
S
Minimum tarsus (Svensson) – length of tarso-metatarsal bone
T
Tarsus and Toe: length to end of longest toe, foot flattened on rule
M
Maximum tarsus (folded foot to extreme end of tarsal joint)
Required if a tarsus measurement is given at field 53.
53
Tarsus length (TARSUS%)
Numeric(real) max 5.
Length of tarsus in millimetres, to a precision of 0.1 mm for methods S and M (field
52) and to a precision of 0.5 mm for method T, with explicit decimal point (up to
three digits plus, if appropriate, decimal point and fraction digit).
54
Tail length (TAIL%)
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Numeric(real) max 5.
Length of tail recorded to 0.5 mm, but more usually to nearest mm. (up to 3 digits
plus, if appropriate, decimal point and fracton digit). Decimal point and fraction
digit are optional and if missing does not imply reduced accuracy.
55
Claw length (CLAW%)
Numeric(real) max 4.
Length of hind claw in millimetres, ideally to a precision of 0.1 mm, with explicit
decimal point (up to two digits plus, if appropriate, decimal point and fraction digit).
56
Plumage (PLUM$)
Numeric = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
1
full winter plumage
2
trace of summer plumage
3
¼ summer plumage
4
½ summer plumage
5
¾ summer plumage
6
trace of winter plumage
7
full summer plumage
Note: codes J and I, if applicable, should appear in AGE (field 3).
57
Brood patch (PATCH$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
0
absent
1
starting
2
well defined
3
veined and red
4
wrinkled
5
feathering over
P
present
58
Fat score (FAT$)
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Numeric max 2.
See Fat Score Method (Field 94)
For Fat Score Method ‘E’ one code only, from the following list based on codes
described by A. Kaiser (1993, J. Field Ornithol. 64: 246-255) (F=Furcular region;
A=Abdomen; B=Breast muscles; see diagrams below):
00
No fat, or trace
05
F: small strip. A: fat not delimited
10
F: wedge of fat. A: trace of fat.
15
F: almost completely covered. A: trace.
20
F: filled but concave. A: slips of fat.
25
F: filled but concave. A: very small pad.
30
F: moderate covering of clavicles. A: flat or slightly bulging pad.
35
F: still concave. A: slightly bulging.
40
F: completely filled up to far end of clavicles. A: covered by clearly
bulging pad of fat.
45
F: filled to far end of clavicles. A: abdominal structures covered
50
F: convex bulge, perhaps overlapping breast muscles. A: extreme convex
bulge.
55
F and A: flight muscle border covered by a few mm
60
F and A: fat covering breast muscles by several mm.
65
Fat reaches flight muscle from side of wings
70
F and A: ¾ of breast muscles covered.
75
Small rounded fat free area
80
F and A: breast muscles not visible.
For Fat Score Method ‘B’ one code only, from the following list based on codes
described by BTO Biometrics Working Party
No visible Fat. Dark Red
0
F: trace of fat (~E05). Light red/pink
1
F: base of trachael pit obscured by fat to about one third full (~E10). Yellow2
pink
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3
4
5
6
7
8
59
F: Trach pit about two-thirds full. Muscle within trachael pit visible between
fat and clavicles (~E15). Yellow-pink.
F: completely filled up to far end of clavicles but still concave (not bulging)
(~E30)
F: convex bulge, perhaps overlapping breast muscles.
A: extreme convex
bulge (~E50).
F and A: fat covering breast muscles by several mm (~E60).
F and A: ¾ of breast muscles covered (~E70).
F and A: breast muscles not visible (~E80).
Pectoral muscle score (PEC%)
Numeric = 1. Size of pectoral muscle. One code only, from the following list:
Prominence of sternum
Pectoral muscle shape
0 Sternum sharp
Muscle depressed
1 Sternum easy to distinguish
Muscle neither depressed, sharp nor rounded
but not sharp
2 Sternum still distinguishable
Muscle slightly rounded
3 Sternum difficult to distinguish Muscle rounded (full)
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60
Capture method (MTHOD$)
Character = 1.
One code only, from the following list:
A
Actively-triggered trap (by ringer)
B
trap automatically triggered by Bird
C
Cannon net or rocket net
D
Dazzling
F
caught in Flight by anything other than a static mist net (eg flicked,
Fleyged)
G
nets put under water’s surface and lifted
H
by Hand (with or without hook, noose etc.)
L
cLap net
M
Mist net
N
on Nest (any method)
O
any Other system
P
Pneumatic/Phut net
R
Round up whilst flightless
S
Bal-chatri or other Snare device
T
Helgoland Trap or duck decoy
U
dutch net for plUvialis apricaria
V
roosting in caVity
W
passive Walk-in/maze trap
Field not applicable to pulli
61
Pullus Stage code (PULCODE$)
Character = 2.
Pullus stage code (not age in days). One code only, from the following list:
DO
Downy
IP
primary feathers In Pin
FS
primary Feathers Short: < 1/3 emerged from sheath
FM
primary Feathers Medium: 1/3 to 2/3 emerged from sheath
FL
primary Feathers Large: > 2/3 emerged from sheath
62
Race (RACE$)
Numeric max 2.
If there is no race code this field should be null.
See Appendix I for details of Race Codes (new for 3.40)
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63 * Submission Extra text (TEXT)
Character max 40 enclosed in (and not including) double quote marks.
Required with brief description of finding circumstances if the record type (field 1)
is X or 9;
Required with brief description of finding conditions and circumstances if the record
type (field 1) is A;
Required with the beginning and end of range of possible dates if an exact date
cannot be given in field 15:
Required with brief explanation of circumstances if the non-standard ring size used;
Required if number of Age is 1 and pulli alive is not known and species is not listed
in Appendix G.
Required if record is being resubmitted – ie to correct a previous error.
64
Validation codes
Not loaded into ORACLE from submission files.
Codes used internally by B-RING’s BTOCHK program to avoid multiple prompts for
user to confirm record content.
65
Capture Type
Character = 1.
Not loaded into ORACLE from submission files.
Always blank for ringing capture records with a ring number in submission files sent
to BTO HQ. Only used for Electronic Recovery History files and Observation reports
where metal ring not known (these are submitted to BTO HQ and currently printed
out to send to colour mark co-ordinators).
O
Observation records where bird has no unique metal ring number specifed in
Ring Number (field 4), but has other means of identification – currently
colour marks. There should be no Ring Information value for these records.
F
First Ringing details; used for importing these Capture Type records into
IPMR
R
Subsequent encounter of bird; which has been made by someone other than
the original ringer. Used for importing these Capture Type records into
IPMR
66
Place code (PLACE)
Character max 6.
Place code (up to 6 alphanumeric characters in uppercase plus _-/ and space); (BRING only supports 3 characters)
67
Subsite (SITE)
Character max 6.
Subsite code (up to 6 alphanumeric characters in uppercase plus _-/ and space)
68
Processor’s Initials (INIT)
Character max 3.
Processor’s initials (uppercase)
69
Date Accuracy (DTEACC)
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Character max 4.
Either a positive integer from 1 through 9999 indicating a range in days either side of
the date in field 15 OR one code from the following list. The record type must be one
of those listed for each code.
I
Date of ring issue
NEP123456
L
Long dead
X9
R
Date of report
RC123456AS8X9
U
Unknown date
NEPRC123456AX9S8O
70
Finding Circumstance (CIRCUMSTANCE)
Numeric = 2.
Not loaded into ORACLE from submission files.
One code from Euring list of finding circumstance codes. When a submission file is
created only the finding circumstance codes relating to field sightings and controls are
included and imported into ORACLE (see Submission Finding Circumstance Code
field 141):
71
Own data (OWN)
Character max 10.
User’s own data (up to 10 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double
quotation marks.
72
Own data 2 (OWN2)
Character max 20.
User’s own data (up to 20 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double
quotation marks.
73
Userc1
Character max 1.
User field (up to 1 character); enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
74
Userc2
Character max 2.
User field (up to 2 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation
marks.
75
Userc3
Character max 4.
User field (up to 4 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation
marks.
76
Userc4
Character max 8.
User field (up to 8 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation
marks.
77
Userc5
Character max10.
User field (up to 10 characters); enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation
marks.
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78
Userv1
Character max 255.
User field (Variable length, up to 255 characters); enclosed in, and not containing,
double quotation marks.
79
Userv2
Character max 255.
User field (Variable length, up to 255 characters); enclosed in, and not containing,
double quotation marks.
80
Userv3
Character max 255.
User field (Variable length, up to 255 characters); enclosed in, and not containing,
double quotation marks.
81
Userv4
Character max 255.
User field (Variable length, up to 255 characters); enclosed in, and not containing,
double quotation marks.
82
Userv5
Character max 255.
User field (Variable length, up to 255 characters); enclosed in, and not containing,
double quotation marks.
83
Left leg below tarsus colour mark (LB)
Character max 12 enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark (ring or flag) codes for left leg below tarsus. See Appendix H for field
content. Leg flags are unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
84
Right leg below tarsus colour mark (RB)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark (ring or flag) codes for right leg below tarsus. See Appendix H for field
content. Leg flags are unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
85
Left leg above tarsus colour mark (LA)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark (ring or flag) codes for left leg above tarsus. See Appendix H for field
content. Leg flags are unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
86
Right leg above tarsus colour mark (RA)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark (ring or flag) codes for right leg above tarsus. See Appendix H for field
content. Leg flags are unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
87
Neck collar colour mark (NC)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark codes for neck collar. See Appendix H for field content. Neck Collars
are unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
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88
Left wing colour mark (LW)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark codes for left wing. See Appendix H for field content. Wing tags are
unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
89
Right wing colour mark (RW)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks.
Colour-mark codes for right wing. See Appendix H for field content. Wing tags are
unconventional marks and require special permission for use.
90
Nasal colour mark (NA)
Character max 12, enclosed in, and not containing, double quotation marks. Not in
use currently – reserved for future. Colour-mark codes for nasal tag or saddle. See
Appendix H for field content. Nasal tags and saddles are unconventional marks and
require special permission for use.
91
Sample (SAMPLE$)
Character = 1
Used to indicate the sample of birds processed.
E
Everything
R
Random sample
A
Adults only
J
Juveniles only
C
ReCaptures only (controls and retraps),
O
Other non-random sample
92
Time of nearest high tide (HTTIME%)
Numeric max 4.
Time of the nearest high tide being the nearest one within six hours of the current
time (catch).
24-hour clock, hours and minutes, eg2026.
93
Fat score method (FATMTD$)
Character = 1.
Code to indicate method used for FAT SCORE (Field 58)
B
Biometrics Working Group
E
ESF
Required if a Fat Score is given at field 58.
94
Finder (FINDER$)
Character max 100, enclosed in (and not including) double quote marks.
Finders’ name, address and postcode if not same as submitting ringer. Commas to be
used to delimit lines in the name, address and postcode with a maximum of 30
characters between commas. Between three and seven commas to be present ie
between four and eight lines in a name/address/postcode. No spaces after commas.
Only normal display characters. Must not be more than 100 characters in length.
Only to be used for Record types X, 9, O, S, 8, A, P
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95
IPMR Observation Bird Identifier (OBSERVATIONBIRDID)
Character max 18.
A unique code for the submitting permit number identifying the individual bird. Up
to 18 Characters in length composed of Character, numeric or the forward slash (/)
character.
Only to be used for CAPTURETYPE O and F. It will be used on an F record when
providing first ringing details of a submitted Observation. Stored on BTO ORACLE
database as separate field to ORACLE Bird Identifier.
96
Project Code 1 (PROJECTTYPE)
Character max 3.
A code to identify the BTO/Euring project of which this capture forms part. The
value must be one of those in the list of valid project codes listed below together with
the species codes valid for the project:
SRP
Swallow Roost Project
SWALL
97
Project Registration 1 (PROJECTREGISTRATION)
Numeric max 8.
A registration number or code unique to the ringer or group for the project identified
in the Project Code 1 field (96). The format of the registration number or code are
given in the example below (where 9 is a mandatory numeric; 0 is optional numeric:
98
eg
0009 Note: if it is max 8, why 4 digits here??
Project Code 2 (PROJECTTYPE)
Character max 3.
A code to identify the BTO/Euring project of which this capture forms part. The
value must be one of those in the list of valid project codes listed under Project Code
1 field 96.
99
Project Registration 2 (PROJECTREGISTRATION)
Numeric max 8.
A registration number or code unique to the ringer or group for the project identified
in the Project Code 1 field (96). The valid formats for this field are given under
Project Registration field 97.
100
Project Code 3 (PROJECTTYPE)
Character max 3.
A code to identify the BTO/Euring project of which this capture forms part. The
value must be one of those in the list of valid project codes listed under Project Code
1 field 96.
101
Project Registration 3 (PROJECTREGISTRATION)
Numeric max 8.
A registration number or code unique to the ringer or group for the project identified
in the Project Code 1 field (96). The valid formats for this field are given under
Project Registration field 97.
102
Body moult code (BODYMOULT)
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Numeric = 1.
A code to record the degree of body moult present in a bird. Single code from
following list:
0 No body feathers growing.
1 A few body feathers growing: up to about 20 growing feathers.
2 Many body feathers growing (more than about 20). This includes feathers growing
due to the completion of the juvenile plumage in birds just after fledging.
103
Tail Fork length (TAILFORK)
Numeric(real)max 4.
The distance between the tip of the shortest innermost and the longest outermost tailfeather to 0.5 mm. (up to 2 digits in length, plus, if appropriate, decimal point and
fraction digit). Decimal point and fraction digit are optional and if missing does not
imply reduced accuracy. A zero (0) need not be present before the decimal point if the
figure is less than 10 mm. A hyphen (-) charatcer may be present immediately
preceding the left most number to indicate a negative tail fork (i.e rounded tail
shape).
104
Extractor Initials (EXTRACTINIT)
Character max 3.
Extractors initials in uppercase.
105
Ringer Initials (RINGINIT)
Character max 3.
Ringers's initials in uppercase.
106
Checker Initials (CHECKINIT)
Character max 3.
Checker's initials in uppercase.
107
Nest Recorder Observer Code (NRNO)
Character min 2 max 4.
Codes must be 2, 3 or 4 digits long, can be any alphabetic or numeric character or the
/ or & characters.
108
Nest Record number (NRCNO)
Numeric max 6.
Nest record number, optionally with leading zeroes.
109
Euring Species Code
Numeric max 5.
Not loaded into ORACLE from submission files.
Euring Species Code from list in Species table of IPMR. Not used by BTO.
110
Sibley-Monroe Species Code
Numeric max 6.
Not loaded into ORACLE from submission files.
Sibley-Monroe Species Code. Not used by BTO.
111
CES subsite type
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Character = 1.
Code to identify status of subsite for CES use.
S
Standard net
A
Additional net
X
Excluded net
112
Secondaries moult scores (SSMLT)
Character max 40.
Between nine and forty moult scores for individual secondary and tertial feathers, in
sequence from the middle of wing inwards, towards body: 0 (zero, not letter O) for
old to 5 (not letter N) for full grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use code
U for feathers where unknown if old or new.
113
Tail Moult scores (TAILMLT)
Character max 20.
Between five and twenty moult scores for individual tail feathers, in sequence from
the centre of tail outwards: 0 (zero, not letter O) for old to 5 (not letter N) for full
grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use code U for feathers where unknown
if old or new.
114
Primary covert moult scores (PCMLT)
Character max 20.
Between ten and twenty moult scores for individual primary covert feathers, in
sequence from the middle of wing outwards, away from body: 0 (zero, not letter O)
for old to 5 (not letter N) for full grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use
code U for feathers where unknown if old or new. Final value can be X for outer
diminutive feather.
115
Greater covert moult scores (GCMLT)
Character max 40.
Between nine and forty moult scores for individual greater covert feathers, in
sequence from the middle of wing inwards, towards body: 0 (zero, not letter O) for
old to 5 (not letter N) for full grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use code
U for feathers where unknown if old or new.
116
Carpal covert moult scores (CCMLT)
Character = 1.
Moult score for carpal covert feather: 0 (zero, not letter O) for old to 5 (not letter N)
for full grown new, V for very old, for feather. Use code U for feathers where
unknown if old or new.
117
Alula moult scores (ALULAMLT)
Character = 3.
Three alphanumeric moult scores for individual alula feathers, in sequence from the
inner wing outwards, away from body: 0 (zero, not letter O) for old to 5 (not letter N)
for full grown new, V for very old, for each feather. Use code U for feathers where
unknown if old or new.
118
Left wing primary moult scores (LPPMLT)
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Character= 20
As 44 for left wing.
119
Left wing Secondaries moult scores (LSSMLT)
Character = 40
As 112 for left wing.
120
LeftTail Moult scores (LTAILMLT)
Character = 20
As 113 for left tail.
121
Left wing Primary covert moult scores (LPCMLT)
Character = 20
As 114 for left wing.
122
Left wing Greater covert moult scores (LGCMLT)
Character = 40
As 115 for left wing.
123
Left wing Carpal covert moult score (LCCMLT)
Character = 1
As 116 for left wing.
124
Left wing Alula moult scores (LALULAMLT)
Character = 3
As 117 for left wing.
125
Lesser & Medium covert moult (LMCMLT)
Character= 1.
Code for representative state of lesser and median wing coverts (both wings).
0
All old
2
Beginning
3
Middle
4
Ending
5
All new
U
Uncertain
126
Underwing covert moult (UWCMLT)
Character = 1.
Code for representative state of under-wing coverts (both wings).
0
All old
2
Beginning
3
Middle
4
Ending
5
All new
U
Uncertain
127
Head moult (HEADMLT)
Character = 1.
Code for representative state of head moult.
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0
2
3
4
5
U
All old
Beginning
Middle
Ending
All new
Uncertain
128
Upperparts moult (UPPMLT)
Character = 1.
Code for representative state of upperpart moult.
0
All old
2
Beginning
3
Middle
4
Ending
5
All new
U
Uncertain
129
Underparts moult (UNPMLT)
Character = 1.
Code for representative state of underpart moult.
0
All old
2
Beginning
3
Middle
4
Ending
5
All new
U
Uncertain
130
BTO Record Identifier (RECORD_ID)
Character max32.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
This field is set in the BTO ORACLE Database and will not be changed even if a
correction is made to the record. It is present in the Electronic Recovery History
(ERH) downloads, which are imported back into IPMR from the BTO ORACLE
Database.
131
Edit_Flag (EDIT_FLAG)
Numeric = 1.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
This field is set to zero in the BTO ORACLE Database when a new record is added.
If a correction is made to a record then this value will be incremented by one for each
change. The value is used during import back into IPMR to decide whether the
record is new, needs to overwrite an existing record or should just be skipped.
132
Moved by (MOV)
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Character = 2.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
One code from the following list:
WA
MI
UI
MO
--
Moved by water
Moved intentionally by man
Moved unintentionally by man
Moved by other agency
Not moved or not recorded
Only valid for Record Types A, X and 9.
133
Finding Circumstances Presumed (FCP)
Character = 1.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
One code from the following list:
P
presumed
Null
Only valid for Record Types A, X and 9.
134
BTO Extra Text (BTOEXTRATEXT)
Character max 80, enclosed in but not containing double quotation marks.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
Text describing additional ringing or finding information entered by BTO staff
(normally during recovery processing). Valid for all record types.
For ERH finding information is generated by concatenating FXT1 and FXT2 (each
max 40 characters) with a space to separate each field of text. For ringing
information it uses RXT (max 40 characters).
135
Ring Number Verified (RNV)
Character = 1.
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
Single code ‘V’ added by BTO during processing of record types X & 9 only, where
the ring number has been sent in and verified.
136
Identification Verified (IDV)
Character = 3
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
One code from following list added by BTO during recovery processing to indicate
whether the finder verified identification of the species or not:
SPV - Species Verified
GPV - Group Verified (e.g finder says bird was a Raptor or Gull)
SSV - Subspecies Verified
SPX - Species changed (e.g ringing in mixed Gull colony, where bird is subsequently
recovered as for example a Herring Gull rather than L B B Gull)
SSX - Subspecies changed
GPX - Group changed.
--- - Unknown
137
BTO Finder (BTOFINDER)
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Character = 100
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
Populated during ERH download to provide details of the finder. If a ringer then
format is:
Name (permit), Email Address
e.g Bridget Griffin (4711), bridget.griffin@bto.org
If a MOP finder then the name and address (if recorded) separated by commas is sent
back (Intermediate ringers do not receive the address).
138
Reporter (REPORTER)
Character = 45
Not populated for submission files to BTO.
This name is added by BTO during recovery processing if the bird has been reported
by a MOP or another ringer via the ringer submitting the report.
139
Submission Flag (SUBM)
Character = 3
Populated as part of IPMR data submission process, one code from following list:
NOT – i.e ‘not yet submitted’ (so the first submission of this record to BTO).
RES - used if data is being resubmitted to BTO.
YYN - Where YY is the two digit year code (eg 05 for 2005) and N is the file
sequence number (eg 1 for first file for that year). This flag will come in where a
submission file has had to be re-created.
140
Captures Key (CAPTURESKEY)
Numeric =7
This is the unique reference within an IPMR database to a bird capture. The key
starts at 1 and is added sequentially. This field will be picked up by ORACLE
during data loading and along with the submission flag field (139), will assist with
identifying if a correction is being submitted by the ringer.
141
Submission Finding Circumstance Code (CIRCUMSTANCE)
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Character = 2
Loaded into ORACLE from submission files created from 3.40 Spec or later, only for following
‘Trusted’ finding circumstances:
20 Intentionally Taken
27 At Nest Box/Artificial Site
28 Metal Ring Read in Field
29 Colour Mark Record
81 Identified from Leg Ring(s)
82 Identified from Neck Ring(s)
83 Identified from Wingtags
84 Identified with Radio Tracking
85 Identified with Satellite Tracking
86 Identified from Transponder
Record Types R,1,2,3,C,4,5,6 – Circumstance Codes 20 or 27
Record Types O,S,8 – Circumstance Codes 28,29,81,82,83,84,85 or 86
Otherwise the correct Circumstance code is entered by BTO based on the text in
Submission Extra Text field (63).
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APPENDIX B-1
*****Not yet updated for 3.40*****
Example ringing data records
• Newly-ringed adult passerine
N,579,GBT,9F7838,WREN.,5,M,,,,,C,,,22041999,1100,B3,G7,SWG,,GBLO,TQ1968,,,,,,,,,,,,1,11.0,22041999,1100,MW,48,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Newly-ringed pullus passerine
N,579,GBT,RH35035,BLABI,1,,4,4,,,,,,18041999,0700,B3,G7,SWG,,GBLO,TQ1968,,,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Pullus passerine not successfully fledged (found in nest on 18 June 1994)
P,3079,GBT,VB92428,GRETI,1,,7,7,,,,,,18061999,,F3,E1,,”Filton, Bristol”,GBAV,ST6177,1,,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,”Nest
predated”,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Retrapped adult non-passerine
R,579,GBT,SB29214,KINGF,4,F,,,,,,,,27031999,1000,B3,G7,SWG,,GBLO,TQ1968,,,,,,,,,8,,,1,39.1,27031999,1000,MW,79,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,M,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Newly-ringed adult wader
N,3079,GBT,NV68635,RINPL,4,,,,,,,R,,15092000,0850,H3,C9,SBE,,GBAV,ST5384,,,,,,,,,,,,2,74,15092000,1000,SGD,133,,,O,,,,,,,41.4,,,,,,,,,,,
C, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Controlled adult wader
C,3079,NOS,8385910,DUNLI,4,,,,,,,R,,15092000,0850,H3,C9,SBE,,GBAV,ST5384,,,,,,,,,8,,,2,59,15092000,1130,SGD,119,,,O,,,,,,,56.3,,,,,,,5,,
,,C,,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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• Newly-ringed adult wader (ring above tarsus)
N,3079,GBT,SX28501,TURNS,3,,,,,A,,R,,15092000,0850,H3,C9,SBE,,GBAV,ST5384,,,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,C,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Ring destroyed
N,579,GBT,9F7833,*DEST,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
• Newly-ringed swallow part of Swallow Roost Project
N,3079,GBT,KK33403,SWALL,4,M,,,,,,,,15082002,2050,C7,G3,SBE,,GBAV,ST5384,,,,,,,,,,,,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,SRP,34
5,,,,,0,69
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APPENDIX B-2
*****Not yet updated for 3.40*****
Example ringing data file
*IPMR,I,03/05/2002 19:43,2.02q,3.30,1.4.10
*joe@ringinghaven.co.uk
N,7777,GBT,P320451,ROBIN,4,,,,,,,A,M,03082001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,2,14.9,03122001,0600,MGC,66,,1
4.9,M,28,5555431000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,BML,,MGC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,P320452,BLUTI,4,,,,,,,A,,03082001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,BML,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,P320453,COATI,4,,,,,,,A,,03082001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,2,10.1,03082001,0000,MGC,58,,10
.1,N,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,BML,,MGC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,2345601,STOPE,6,,,,,,,T,,03072001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,2,25.1,03072001,0000,MGC,124,,2
5.1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,00,,M,,,,,,BML,,MGC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,E,,E,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,2345602,STOPE,6,,,,,,,T,,03072001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,2,23,03072001,0000,MGC,118,,23,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,M,,,,,,BML,,MGC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,2J3401,WILWA,4,,,,,,,T,,03042001,0000,F3,G7,BML,,GBLR,NS9877,0,,,,,,,,,,,2,11.1,03042001,0000,MGC,65,,11.
1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,BML,,MGC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
N,7777,GBT,GH23101,MALLA,4,M,,,,,E,,,03122001,0000,H1,,,"TYNEMOUTH",GBTY,NZ3769,1,,,,,,,,,,,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7
,,10,,,,,,,,TYN,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,E,,,,,,,,,,
7
B030
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APPENDIX C
Country
EUROPEAN RINGING SCHEMES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Scheme (+ = scheme believed to be extinct) Code
Albania
Tirana
ABT
Belarus
Minsk
BYM
Belgium
Bruxelles
BLB
Bulgaria
Sofia
BGS
Channel Islands
Jersey
CIJ
Croatia (Hrvatska)
Zagreb (Ornit.Inst)
HRZ (Formerly YUZ)
Czech Republic
Praha
CZP (Formerly CSP)
Cyprus
Nicosia
CYC
Cyprus, North
Kuskor
CYK
Denmark
Copenhagen
Kalo
Viborg Skovgaard
DKC
DKK
DKV
Estonia
Matsalu
ETM (Formerly SUE)
Finland
Helsinki Museum
SFH
France
Paris
Strasbourg
FRP
FRS
Germany
Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland)
Hiddensee
Radolfzell
DEW (Formerly DFH)
DEH (Formerly DDH)
DER (Formerly DFR)
Greece
Athens
GRA
Hungary
Budapest Orn. & Mad.
HGB
Iceland
Reykjavik
ISR
Italy
Bologna Ozzano (BO)
IAB
Latvia
Riga
LVR (Formerly SUR)
Lithuania
Kaunas (Zool. Mus.)
LIK (Formerly SUK)
Macedonia
Skopje
MKS
Malta
Valletta
MLV
Netherlands
Arnhem
NLA
Norway
Stavanger
+ Oslo Museum
+ As
NOS
NOO
NOA
Poland
Gdansk/Varsovia
PLG
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Portugal
Lisboa
+ Porto
POL
POP
Romania
Bucharest
ROB
Russian Federation
Moskwa
RUM (Formerly SUM)
Slovakia
Bratislava
SKB (Formerly CSP)
Slovenia
Ljubljana
SLL (Formerly YUL)
Spain
Madrid (SEO)
San Sebastian
+ Seville (Biol. Donana)
Madrid (Icona)
ESM
ESA
ESE
ESI
Sweden
Stockholm Museum
SVS
Switzerland
Sempach
HES
UK & Ireland
London (Brit. Museum/Thetford)
GBT
Ukraine
Kiev
UKK
Yugoslavia
Beograd
YUB
NON-EUROPEAN SCHEMES
Angola
Australia
Brazil
Canada
China
Egypt
Ghana
Hong Kong
India
Iraq
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakstan
Kenya
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
USA
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
South Korea
Taiwan
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Luanda
Canberra
Brasilia
Washington
Bejing
Cairo
Legon
Hong Kong
Bombay
Bagdad Univ.
Teheran
Tel-Aviv Univ.
Yamashina Inst. O.Z.
Jordanie
Almaty
Nairobi
Kuala Lumpur
Wellington
Jos
Lahore
…
Washington
Rhyiad
Pretoria/Cape Town
Korea
Taipei
ALL
AAC
BAB
NAW
CPB
EGC
GHL
CGH +
INB
IQB
IPT
ILT
JHY
JO.
KZA
GPN
FVK
AJW
NVJ +
PNL +
OE +
NAW
ARR
FPP
TXS
CXT
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Tunisia
Turkey
Zambia
Zaire
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Tunis
Ankara University
Zambia
Congo
TOT +
TUA
ZMZ +
ZIC +
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APPENDIX D
SPECIES CODES
EURING
CODE
CODE
617 ALETE
425 ALLGA
1094 ALPAC
798 ALPSW
96 AMEBI
430 AMECO
4841 AMGPL
305 AMEKE
1014/4 AMEPI
426 AMPGA
1755 AMERE
1203 AMERO
180 AMEWI
1242 AQUWA
1664 ARCRE
567 ARCSK
616 ARCTE
1295 ARCWA
456 AVOCE
183 BAITE
411 BAICR
506 BAISA
244 BALEA
534 BATGO
735 BAROW
167 BARGO
1273 BARWA
0217 + BRWGO
157 BEAGO
1364 BEATI
840 BEEEA
834 BELKI
153 BEWSW
11782 BICTH
962 BIMLA
95 BITTE
187 BLADU
332 BLAGR
638 BLAGU
238 BLAKI
1121 BLARE
131 BLAST
213/2 BLASC
627 BLATE
1158 BLAWH
1720 BAWWA
727 BLBCU
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SPECIES
EURING
CODE
1148
1881
582
1307
1256
1638
168
622
514
1069
635
516
216
1710
34
287
961
166
1749
335
29
1567/1
480
606
111
1220
1636
1875
13110
790
1559
1858
1644
1018
998
1461
684
1348
465
590
786
16633
556
213
615
1762
429
Aleutian Tern
Allen's Gallinule
Alpine Accentor
Alpine Swift
American Bittern
American Coot
American Golden Plover
American Kestrel
American Pipit
American Purple Gallinule
American Redstart
American Robin
American Wigeon
Aquatic Warbler
Arctic Redpoll
Arctic Skua
Arctic Tern
Arctic Warbler
Avocet
Baikal Teal
Baillon's Crake
Baird's Sandpiper
Bald Eagle
Bar-tailed Godwit
Barn Owl
Barnacle Goose
Barred Warbler
Barrow's Goldeneye
Bean Goose
Bearded Tit
Bee-eater
Belted Kingfisher
Bewick's Swan
Bicknell's Thrush
Bimaculated Lark
Bittern
Black Duck
Black Grouse
Black Guillemot
Black Kite
Black Redstart
Black Stork
Black Scoter
Black Tern
Black Wheatear
Black-and-white Warbler
Black-billed Cuckoo
44
CODE
SPECIES
BLEWH
BLHBU
BLHGU
BONWA
BOOWA
BRAMB
BREGO
BRITE
BRBSA
BROTH
BRUGU
BUBSA
BUFFL
BULLF
BULPE
BUZZA
CALLA
CANGO
CAMWA
CAPER
CAPPE
CARCR
CASPL
CASTE
CATEG
CETWA
CHAFF
CHEBU
CHIFF
CHISW
CHOUG
CIRBU
CITFI
CITWA
CLISW
COATI
COLDO
COLFL
COLPR
COMGU
COMNI
COMRE
COMSA
COMSC
COMTE
COMYE
COOT.
Black-eared Wheatear
Black-headed Bunting
Black-headed Gull
Western Bonelli’s Warbler
Booted Warbler
Brambling
Brent Goose
Bridled Tern
Broad-billed Sandpiper
Brown Thrasher
Brunnich's Guillemot
Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Bufflehead
Bullfinch
Bulwer's Petrel
Buzzard
Calandra Lark
Greater Canada Goose
Cape May Warbler
Capercaillie
Capped Petrel
Carrion Crow
Caspian Plover
Caspian Tern
Cattle Egret
Cetti's Warbler
Chaffinch
Chestnut Bunting
Chiffchaff
Chimney Swift
Chough
Cirl Bunting
Citril Finch
Citrine Wagtail
Cliff Swallow
Coal Tit
Collared Dove
Collared Flycatcher
Collared Pratincole
Common Gull
Common Nighthawk
Common Redpoll
Common Sandpiper
Common Scoter
Common Tern
Common Yellowthroat
Coot
17/02/2016 21:49
14
1882
421
36
433
464
972
1454
1868
1666
1667
1567
BLBAL
CORBU
CORNC
CORSH
CRANE
CRCCO
CRELA
CRETI
CREBU
CROSS
SCOCR
CROW.
724
541
509
1149
1050
482
512
1084
1303
1196
744
1307/2
170
781
247
206
311
537
?
1718
1195
1226
202
1198
1315
618
1834
577
22
182
CUCKO
CURLE
CURSA
DESWH
DIPPE
DOTTE
DUNLI
DUNNO
DUSWA
DUSTH
EAGOW
EABWA
EGYGO
EGYNI
EGYVU
EIDER
ELEFA
ESKCU
EURTE
EVEGR
EYBTH
FATWA
FERDU
FIELD
FIREC
FORTE
FOXSP
FRAGU
FULMA
GADWA
Black-browed Albatross
Corn Bunting
Corncrake
Cory's Shearwater
Crane
Cream-coloured Courser
Crested Lark
Crested Tit
Cretzschmar's Bunting
Common Crossbill
Scottish Crossbill
Carrion/Hooded Crow
(unspecified)
Cuckoo
Curlew
Curlew Sandpiper
Desert Wheatear
Dipper
Dotterel
Dunlin
Dunnock
Dusky Warbler
Dusky/Naumann's Thrush
Eagle Owl
Eastern Bonelli's Warbler
Egyptian Goose
Egyptian Nightjar
Egyptian Vulture
Eider
Eleonora's Falcon
Eskimo Curlew
Eurasian Teal
Evening Grosbeak
Eye-browed Thrush
Fan-tailed Warbler
Ferruginous Duck
Fieldfare
Firecrest
Forster's Tern
Fox Sparrow
Franklin's Gull
Fulmar
Gadwall
71
1276
191
599
136
1314
296
1508
396
GANNE
GARWA
GARGA
GLAGU
GLOIB
GOLDC
GOLEA
GOLOR
GOLPH
Gannet
Garden Warbler
Garganey
Glaucous Gull
Glossy Ibis
Goldcrest
Golden Eagle
Golden Oriole
Golden Pheasant
D:\106753889.doc
72 CORMO
1520 GRGSH
4 GRNDI
1253 GRRWA
0040 + GRTSH
569 GRESK
520 GRESN
716 GRSCU
876 GRSWO
1464 GRETI
121 GRWEG
147 GREFL
479
550
161
251
184/2
634
605
318
211
1717
750
261
1176
592
310
231
219
1567/3
1771
846
444
1001
1591
533
1300/2
1311/5
598
1259
1892
1567/4
1514
1144
604
518
1560
1539
477
304
474
45
GRSPL
GREYE
GREGO
GRIVU
GRWTE
GUILL
GUBTE
GYRFA
HARDU
HAWFI
HAWOW
HENHA
HERTH
HERGU
HOBBY
HONBU
HOOME
HOOCR
HOOWA
HOOPO
HOUBU
HOUMA
HOUSP
HUDGO
HULWA
IBECH
ICEGU
ICTWA
INDBU
INTCR
ISASH
ISAWH
IVOGU
JACSN
JACKD
JAY.
KENPL
KESTR
KILLD
Cormorant
Great Grey Shrike
Great Northern Diver
Great Reed Warbler
Great Shearwater
Great Skua
Great Snipe
Great Spotted Cuckoo
Great Spotted Woodpecker
Great Tit
Great White Egret
Greater Flamingo
Greater Sand Plover
Greater Yellowlegs
Greylag Goose
Griffon Vulture
Green Winged Teal
Guillemot
Gull-billed Tern
Gyrfalcon
Harlequin Duck
Hawfinch
Hawk Owl
Hen Harrier
Hermit Thrush
Herring Gull
Hobby
Honey Buzzard
Hooded Merganser
Hooded Crow
Hooded Warbler
Hoopoe
Houbara Bustard
House Martin
House Sparrow
Hudsonian Godwit
Hulme’s Leaf Warbler
Iberian Chiffchaff
Iceland Gull
Icterine Warbler
Indigo Bunting
Carrion/HoodedCrow
(intermediate)
Isabelline Shrike
Isabelline Wheatear
Ivory Gull
Jack Snipe
Jackdaw
Jay
Kentish Plover
Kestrel
Killdeer
17/02/2016 21:49
485 GOLPL
218 GOLDE
573 GBHGU
1178 GRATH
446 GREBU
9 GRCGR
397 LAAPH
1235 LANWA
1847 LAPBU
493 LAPWI
1824 LARSP
576 LAUGU
55 LEAPE
504 LEASA
591 LBBGU
1664 LECGO
609 LECTE
1519 LEGSH
303 LESKE
970 LSTLA
887 LESWO
160 LWFGO
1274 LESWH
1663/4 LESRE
551 LESYE
1660 LINNE
647 LITAU
98 LITBI
1874 LITBU
119 LITEG
7 LITGR
578 LITGU
757 LITOW
469 LIRPL
48 LITSH
501 LITST
800 LITSW
624 LITTE
536 LITWH
527 LOBDO
767 LOEOW
212 LOTDU
568 LOTSK
1437 LOTTI
503 LOTST
58 MADPE
93 MAGFR
1750 MAGWA
1549 MAGPI
186 MALLA
178 MANDA
46 MANSH
1261 + MAMWA
D:\106753889.doc
Golden Plover
Goldeneye
Great Black-headed Gull
Gray-cheeked Thrush
Great Bustard
Great Crested Grebe
Lady Amherst's Pheasant
Lanceolated Warbler
Lapland Bunting
Lapwing
Lark Sparrow
Laughing Gull
Leach's Petrel
Least Sandpiper
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Lesser Canada Goose
Lesser Crested Tern
Lesser Grey Shrike
Lesser Kestrel
Lesser Short-toed Lark
Lesser Spotted Woodpecker
Lesser White-fronted Goose
Lesser Whitethroat
Lesser Redpoll
Lesser Yellowlegs
Linnet
Little Auk
Little Bittern
Little Bunting
Little Egret
Little Grebe
Little Gull
Little Owl
Little Ringed Plover
Little Shearwater
Little Stint
Little Swift
Little Tern
Little Whimbrel
Long-billed Dowitcher
Long-eared Owl
Long-tailed Duck
Long-tailed Skua
Long-tailed Tit
Long-toed Stint
Madeiran Petrel
Magnificent Frigatebird
Magnolia Warbler
Magpie
Mallard
Mandarin
Manx Shearwater
Marmora's Warbler
207 KINEI
831 KINGF
602 KITTI
496 KNOT.
1260 MELWA
1557 NUTCR
1479 NUTHA
1255 OLIWA
1008 OLBPI
1272 ORPWA
1866 ORTBU
301 OSPRE
1756 OVENB
450 OYSTE
4842 PAGPL
797 PACSW
1247 PADWA
1895 PAIBU
1233 PAGWA
1878 PARBU
663 PALSA
1298 PALWA
262 PALHA
796 PALSW
1752 + PLMWA
1668 PARCR
1856 PINBU
1699 PINGR
158 PIFGO
189 PINTA
198 POCHA
566 POMSK
330 PTARM
654 PUFFI
124 PURHE
510 PURSA
370 QUAIL
1301 RADWA
1572 RAVEN
636 RAZOR
329 REDGR
239 REDKI
1515 REBSH
1343 REBFL
169 REBGO
221 REBME
196 RECPO
1663 REDPO
1633 REEVI
1113 REFBL
307 REFFA
1880 REHBU
358 RELPA
46
King Eider
Kingfisher
Kittiwake
Knot
Melodious Warbler
Nutcracker
Nuthatch
Eastern Olivaceous Warbler
Olive-backed Pipit
Orphean Warbler
Ortolan Bunting
Osprey
Ovenbird
Oystercatcher
Pacific Golden Plover
Pacific Swift
Paddyfield Warbler
Painted Bunting
Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler
Pallas's Reed Bunting
Pallas’s Sandgrouse
Pallas’s Warbler
Pallid Harrier
Pallid Swift
Palm Warbler
Parrot Crossbill
Pine Bunting
Pine Grosbeak
Pink-footed Goose
Pintail
Pochard
Pomarine Skua
Ptarmigan
Puffin
Purple Heron
Purple Sandpiper
Quail
Radde's Warbler
Raven
Razorbill
Red/Willow Grouse
Red Kite
Red-backed Shrike
Red-breasted Flycatcher
Red-breasted Goose
Red-breasted Merganser
Red-crested Pochard
Redpoll spp
Red-eyed Vireo
Red-flanked Bluetail
Red-footed Falcon
Red-headed Bunting
Red-legged Partridge
17/02/2016 21:49
260
547
1440
1250
1011
575
995
2
1012
16630
546
1122
1201
1877
1251
1002
1186
589
200
712
470
1237
1099
1860
665
1014
1604
1162
841
1563
1887
1584
614
601
290
607
225
171
517
1095
689
1798
1269
1873
579
316
981
497
436
611
1267
1826
498
MARHA
MARSA
MARTI
MARWA
MEAPI
MEDGU
RERSW
RETDI
RETPI
REDPO
REDSH
REDST
REDWI
REEBU
REEWA
RICPI
RINOU
RIBGU
RINDU
RINPA
RINPL
RIVWA
ROBIN
ROCBU
ROCDO
ROCPI
ROCSP
ROCTH
ROLLE
ROOK.
ROBGR
ROCST
ROSTE
ROSGU
ROLBU
ROYTE
RUDDU
RUDSH
RUFF
RUBRO
RUTDO
RUSTO
RUPWA
RUSBU
SABGU
SAKER
SANMA
SANDE
SANCR
SANTE
SARWA
SAVSP
SEMSA
D:\106753889.doc
Marsh Harrier
Marsh Sandpiper
Marsh Tit
Marsh Warbler
Meadow Pipit
Mediterranean Gull
Red-rumped Swallow
Red-throated Diver
Red-throated Pipit
Redpoll
Redshank
Redstart
Redwing
Reed Bunting
Reed Warbler
Richard’s Pipit
Ring Ouzel
Ring-billed Gull
Ring-necked Duck
Ring-necked Parakeet
Ringed Plover
River Warbler
Robin
Rock Bunting
Rock Dove
Rock Pipit
Rock Sparrow
Rock Thrush
Roller
Rook
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Rose-coloured Starling
Roseate Tern
Ross's Gull
Rough-legged Buzzard
Royal Tern
Ruddy Duck
Ruddy Shelduck
Ruff
Rufous Bush Robin
Rufous Turtle Dove
Rufous-sided Towhee
Ruppell's Warbler
Rustic Bunting
Sabine's Gull
Saker
Sand Martin
Sanderling
Sandhill Crane
Sandwich Tern
Sardinian Warbler
Savannah Sparrow
Semipalmated Sandpiper
10 RENGR
779 RENNI
564 RENPH
526 SHBDO
768 SHEOW
968 SHTLA
1487 SHTTR
194 SHOVE
1105 SIBRU
1171 SIBTH
1654 SISKI
976 SKYLA
11 SLAGR
0585 + SLEGU
220 SMEW
519 SNIPE
1850 SNOBU
1611 SNOFI
163 SNOGO
749 SNOOW
491 SOCPL
26 SOPPE
552 SOLSA
1835 SONSP
1200 SONTH
43 SOOSH
623 SOOTE
409 SORA.
1520/3 SOGSH
1592 SPASP
269 SPARR
1264 SPEWA
144 SPOON
408 SPOCR
293 SPOEA
1335 SPOFL
545 SPORE
557 SPOSA
108 SQUHE
1582 STARL
209 STEEI
515 STISA
668 STODO
459 STOCU
1139 + STOCH
52 STOPE
1265 SUBWA
1786 SUMTA
214 SURSC
992 SWALL
1177 SWATH
795 SWIFT
1256/2 SYKWA
47
Red-necked Grebe
Red-necked Nightjar
Red-necked Phalarope
Short-billed Dowitcher
Short-eared Owl
Short-toed Lark
Short-toed Treecreeper
Shoveler
Siberian Rubythroat
Siberian Thrush
Siskin
Skylark
Slavonian Grebe
Slender-billed Gull
Smew
Snipe
Snow Bunting
Snow Finch
Snow Goose
Snowy Owl
Sociable Plover
Soft-plumaged Petrel
Solitary Sandpiper
Song Sparrow
Song Thrush
Sooty Shearwater
Sooty Tern
Sora
Southern Grey Shrike
Spanish Sparrow
Sparrowhawk
Spectacled Warbler
Spoonbill
Spotted Crake
Spotted Eagle
Spotted Flycatcher
Spotted Redshank
Spotted Sandpiper
Squacco Heron
Starling
Steller's Eider
Stilt Sandpiper
Stock Dove
Stone-curlew
Stonechat
Storm Petrel
Subalpine Warbler
Summer Tanager
Surf Scoter
Swallow
Swainson's Thrush
Swift
Syke's Warbler
17/02/2016 21:49
1640
80
508
173
978
770
1724
555
1254
1103
1009
1598
1486
1676
203
561
687
1662
1665
544
1179
215
1482
10141
407
1048
1255/2
499
1146
538
1137
SERIN
SHAG.
SHTSA
SHELD
SHOLA
TENOW
TENWA
TERSA
THBWA
THRNI
TREPI
TREESP
TREEC
TRUFI
TUFDU
TURNS
TURDO
TWITE
TWBCR
UPLSA
VEERY
VELSC
WALLC
WATPI
WATRA
WAXWI
WEOWA
WESSA
WHEAT
WHIMB
WHINC
Serin
Shag
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper
Shelduck
Shore Lark
Tengmalm’s Owl
Tennessee Warbler
Terek Sandpiper
Thick-billed Warbler
Thrush Nightingale
Tree Pipit
Tree Sparrow
Treecreeper
Trumpeter Finch
Tufted Duck
Turnstone
Turtle Dove
Twite
Two-barred Crossbill
Upland Sandpiper
Veery
Velvet Scoter
Wallcreeper
Water Pipit
Water Rail
Waxwing
Western Olivaceous Warbler
Western Sandpiper
Wheatear
Whimbrel
Whinchat
0626 + WHKTE
Whiskered Tern
88 WHIPE
134 WHIST
1170 WHITH
5 WHBDI
1157 + WHCBL
1839 WHCSP
51 WHFPE
White Pelican
White Stork
White's Thrush
White-billed Diver
White-crowned Black Wheatear
White-crowned Sparrow
White-faced Petrel
D:\106753889.doc
48
1343/2 TAIFL
761 TAWOW
1005 TAWPI
184 TEAL.
502 TEMST
159 WHFGO
505 WHRSA
243 WHTEA
492 WHTPL
1117 WHTRO
1840 WHTSP
628 WWBTE
965 WHWLA
215/2 WHWSC
1275 WHITE
154 WHOSW
179 WIGEO
1442 WILTI
1312 WILWA
50 WILPE
563 WILPH
177 WOODU
554 WOOSA
1308 WOOWA
1523 WOOSH
529 WOODC
974 WOODL
670 WOODP
1066 WREN.
848 WRYNE
1017 YELWA
1733 + YLWWA
872 YEBSA
728 YEBCU
1876 + YBSBU
1871 YEBBU
1300 YEBWA
5926 YELGU
1751 YERWA
1857 + YELHA
Taiga Flycatcher
Tawny Owl
Tawny Pipit
Teal (unspecified)
Temminck's Stint
White-fronted Goose
White-rumped Sandpiper
White-tailed Eagle
White-tailed Plover
White-throated Robin
White-throated Sparrow
White-winged Black Tern
White-winged Lark
White-winged Scoter
Whitethroat
Whooper Swan
Wigeon
Willow Tit
Willow Warbler
Wilson's Petrel
Wilson's Phalarope
Wood Duck
Wood Sandpiper
Wood Warbler
Woodchat Shrike
Woodcock
Woodlark
Woodpigeon
Wren
Wryneck
Yellow Wagtail
Yellow Warbler
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Yellow-breasted Bunting
Yellow-browed Bunting
Yellow-browed Warbler
Yellow-legged Gull
Yellow-rumped Warbler
Yellowhammer
17/02/2016 21:49
*DEST
*LOST
*MISS
*UNKN
****1
HYBRI
RING DESTROYED
RING LOST
RING MISSING
RINGING DATA LOST
Rarity code unknown (comment must be added in extra text)
Hybrid species
NB + indicates code derived in non-standard manner
D:\106753889.doc
49
17/02/2016 21:49
Appendix E
HABITAT CODES
A WOODLAND (more than 5m tall)
D5
D6
Breckland
Drained bog
A1
A2
A3
Broadleaved
Coniferous
E FARMLAND
Mixed broadleaved & coniferous (at least 10% of
each)
A4
Broadleaved water-logged
E1
Apparently improved grassland
A5
Coniferous water-logged
E2
Apparently unimproved
grassland
A6
Mixed broadleaved & coniferous water-logged
E3
Mixed grass/tilled land
E4
Tilled land
B SCRUBLAND (or very young woodland less than
E5
Orchard
5m tall)
E6
Other farming
B1
Regenerating natural or semi-natural woodland
B2
Downland (chalk)
F HUMAN SITES
B3
Heath scrub
B4
Young coppice
F1
Urban
B5
New plantation
F2
Suburban
B6
Clear-felled woodland, with or without new F3
Rural
saplings
B7
Other
G WATER BODIES (freshwater)
C SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLAND & MARSH
G1
Pond (less than 50m2)
C1
Chalk downland
G2
Small water-body (50-450m2)
C2
Grass moor (unenclosed)
G3
Lake/unlined reservoir
C3
Grass moor mixed with heather (unenclosed)
G4
Lined reservoir
C4
Machair
G5
Gravel pit, sand pit, etc.
C5
Other dry grassland
G6
Stream (less than 3m wide)
C6
Water-meadow/grazing marsh
G7
River (more than 3m wide)
C7
Reed swamp
G8
Ditch with water (less than 2m
wide)
C8
Other open marsh
G9
Small canal (2-5m wide)
C9
Saltmarsh
GA* Large canal (more than 5m
wide)
D HEATHLAND & BOGS
H COASTAL
D1
D2
D3
D4
H5
H1
H2
H3
H4
I6
Dry heath
Wet heath
Mixed wet/dry heath
Bog
Open sea
D:\106753889.doc
50
Marine - open shore
Marine shore - inlet/cove/loch
Estuarine
Brackish lagoon
Mine/spoil/slag heap
17/02/2016 21:49
I7
Cave
I INLAND ROCK
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
J MISCELLANEOUS
J1
Other
Cliff
Scree/boulder slope
Limestone pavement
Other rock outcrop
Quarry
* Note: code GA differs from the
Nest Record Scheme code (G10)
for this habitat.
See Ringers Manual pp 48-51 for further details.
D:\106753889.doc
51
17/02/2016 21:49
APPENDIX F
EURING REGION (County) CODES
*New codes added 2005 (see Table B for full list of new codes)
TABLE A
ENGLAND
Avon
Bedfordshire
Berkshire
Buckinghamshire
Cambridge
Cheshire
Cleveland
Cornwall
Cumbria
Derbyshire
Devon
Dorset
Durham
Essex
Gloucestershire
Hampshire (excl. I.o.W.)
Hereford & Worcester
Hertfordshire
Humberside
Isle of Man
Isle of Wight
Kent
Lancashire
Leicestershire & Rutland
Lincolnshire
London (Greater)
Manchester (Greater)
Merseyside
Norfolk
North Yorkshire
Northamptonshire
Northumberland
Nottinghamshire
Oxfordshire
Salop/Shropshire
Scilly Isles
Somerset
South Yorkshire
Staffordshire
Suffolk
Surrey
Sussex (West & East)
Tyne & Wear
Warwickshire
West Midlands
West Yorkshire
Wiltshire
GBAV
GBBD
GBBK
GBBC
GBCA
GBCH
GBCV
GBCO
GBCU
GBDB
GBDV
GBDO
GBDU
GBES
GBGL
GBHA
GBHF
GBHT
GBHU
GBIM
GBIW
GBKE
GBLA
GBLE
GBLI
GBLO
GBMA
GBME
GBNK
GBNY
GBNH
GBNL
GBNT
GBOX
GBSA
GBSI
GBSO
GBSY
GBST
GBSK
GBSR
GBSX
GBTY
GBWK
GBW
GBWY
M
GBWT
WALES
Anglesey
Clwyd
Dyfed
Glamorgan (W., Mid- & S.)
Gwent
Gwynedd
Powys
Wales
GBAN
GBCW
GBDY
GBGM
GBGT
GBGD
GBPO
GBW-
D:\106753889.doc
New Code*
GBBED
GBBUC
GBCAM
GBCHE
GBRAC
GBCOR
GBCUM
GBDES
GBDEV
GBDOR
GBDOR
GBDUR
GBESS
GBGLS
GBHAM
GBHES
GBGMA
GBIOM
GBIOW
GBKEN
GBLAN
GBLIN
GBGMA
GBMER
GBNOR
GBNYO
GBNOS
GBNOL
GBNTS
GBOXF
GBSHR
GBIOS
GBSOM
GBSYO
GBSTA
GBSUF
GBSUF
GBSUR
GBTWE
GBWAW
GBWMI
GBWYO
GBWIL
GBIOA
SCOTLAND
Borders Region
Central Region
Dumfries & Galloway Region
Fair Isle
Fife Region
Grampian Region
Highland Region
Lothian Region
Orkney
Shetland
Strathclyde Region
Tayside Region
Western Isles
Scotland
GBBR
GBCR
GBDR
GBFI
GBFR
GBGR
GBHR
GBLR
GBOR
GBSH
GBSC
GBTR
GBWI
GBS-
New Code*
GBSBO
NORTHERN IRELAND
Antrim
Armagh
Down
Fermanagh
Londonderry
Tyrone
GBUN
GBUR
GBUD
GBUF
GBUL
GBUT
GBUAN
GBUAR
GBUDO
GBUFE
GBULO
GBUTY
EIRE
Carlow
Cavan
Clare
Cork
Donegal
Dublin
Galway
Kerry
Kildare
Kilkenny
Leitrim
Leix
Limerick
Longford
Louth
Mayo
Meath
Monaghan
Offaly
Roscommon
Sligo
Tipperary
Waterford
Westmeath
Wexford
Wicklow
ERCW
ERCV
ERCL
ERCK
ERDO
ERDU
ERGA
ERKE
ERKD
ERKK
ERLM
ERLX
ERLK
ERLG
ERLU
ERMA
ERME
ERMO
EROF
ERRO
ERSL
ERTP
ERWA
ERWM
ERWX
ERWI
ERCAR
ERCAV
ERCLA
ERCOR
ERDON
ERDUB
ERGAL
ERKER
ERKIL
ERKIK
ERLEI
GBDAG
GBFIF
ERLIM
ERLON
ERLOU
ERMAY
ERMEA
ERMON
EROFF
ERROS
ERSLI
ERTIP
ERWAT
ERWES
ERWEX
ERWIC
GBVOG
GBGWY
GBPOW
52
17/02/2016 21:49
TABLE B New five letter county codes 2005
COUNTY
ENGLAND
Bath and N. E. Somerset
Bedfordshire
Blackburn with Darwen
Blackpool
Bournemouth
Bracknell Forest
Brighton & Hove
Bristol
Buckinghamshire
Cambridgeshire
Cheshire
Cornwall
Cumbria
Darlington
Derby
Derbyshire
Devon
Dorset
Durham
East Riding of Yorkshire
East Sussex
Essex
Gloucestershire
Greater London
Greater Manchester
Halton
Hampshire
Hartlepool
Herefordshire
Hertfordshire
Isle of Man
Isle of Wight
Isles of Scilly
Kent
Kingston upon Hull
Lancashire
Leicester
Leicestershire
Lincolnshire
Luton
Medway
Merseyside
Middlesbrough
Milton Keynes
Norfolk
North East Lincolnshire
North Lincolnshire
North Somerset
D:\106753889.doc
REGION
COUNTY_CODE
South West
East of England
North West
North West
South West
South East
South East
South West
South East
East of England
North West
South West
North West
North East
East Midlands
East Midlands
South West
South West
North East
Yorkshire and The Humber
South East
East of England
South West
London
North West
North West
South East
North East
West Midlands
East of England
Isle of Man
South East
South West
South East
Yorkshire and The Humber
North West
East Midlands
East Midlands
East Midlands
East of England
South East
North West
North East
South East
East of England
East Midlands
Yorkshire and The Humber
South West
GBBAS
GBBED
GBBWD
GBBLA
GBBOU
GBBFO
GBBAH
GBBRS
GBBUC
GBCAM
GBCHE
GBCOR
GBCUM
GBDAR
GBDER
GBDES
GBDEV
GBDOR
GBDUR
GBERY
GBESU
GBESS
GBGLS
GBGLO
GBGMA
GBHAL
GBHAM
GBHAR
GBHER
GBHES
GBIOM
GBIOW
GBIOS
GBKEN
GBKUH
GBLAN
GBLEI
GBLES
GBLIN
GBLUT
GBMED
GBMER
GBMID
GBMKE
GBNOR
GBNEL
GBNLI
GBNSO
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North Yorkshire
Northamptonshire
Northumberland
Nottingham
Nottinghamshire
Oxfordshire
Peterborough
Plymouth
Poole
Portsmouth
Reading
Redcar & Cleveland
Rutland
Shropshire
Slough
Somerset
South Gloucestershire
South Yorkshire
Southampton
Southend
Staffordshire
Stockton-on-Tees
Stoke-on-Trent
Suffolk
Surrey
Swindon
Telford and Wrekin
Thurrock
Torbay
Tyne and Wear
Warrington
Warwickshire
West Berkshire
West Midlands
West Sussex
West Yorkshire
Wiltshire
Windsor and Maidenhead
Wokingham
Worcestershire
York
Yorkshire and The Humber
East Midlands
North East
East Midlands
East Midlands
South East
East of England
South West
South West
South East
South East
North East
East Midlands
West Midlands
South East
South West
South West
Yorkshire and The Humber
South East
East of England
West Midlands
North East
West Midlands
East of England
South East
South West
West Midlands
East of England
South West
North East
North West
West Midlands
South East
West Midlands
South East
Yorkshire and The Humber
South West
South East
South East
West Midlands
Yorkshire and The Humber
GBNYO
GBNOS
GBNOL
GBNOT
GBNTS
GBOXF
GBPET
GBPLY
GBPOO
GBPOR
GBREA
GBRAC
GBRUT
GBSHR
GBSLO
GBSOM
GBSGL
GBSYO
GBSOU
GBSOE
GBSTA
GBSOT
GBSTR
GBSUF
GBSUR
GBSWI
GBTAW
GBTHU
GBTOR
GBTWE
GBWAR
GBWAW
GBWBE
GBWMI
GBWSU
GBWYO
GBWIL
GBWAM
GBWOK
GBWOR
GBYOR
WALES
Blaenau Gwent
Bridgend
Caerphilly
Cardiff
Carmarthenshire
Ceredigion
Conwy
Denbighshire
Flintshire
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
GBBGW
GBBRI
GBCAE
GBCAR
GBCAS
GBCER
GBCON
GBDEN
GBFLI
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Gwynedd
Isle of Anglesey
Merthyr Tydfil
Monmouthshire
Neath Port Talbot
Newport
Pembrokeshire
Powys
Rhondda Cynon Taff
Swansea
Torfaen
Vale of Glamorgan
Wrexham
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
Wales
GBGWY
GBIOA
GBMTY
GBMON
GBNPT
GBNEW
GBPEM
GBPOW
GBRCT
GBSWA
GBTOF
GBVOG
GBWRE
SCOTLAND
Aberdeen
Aberdeenshire
Angus
Argyll and Bute
Clackmannanshire
Dumfries and Galloway
Dundee
East Ayrshire
East Dunbartonshire
East Lothian
East Renfrewshire
Edinburgh
Falkirk
Fife
Glasgow
Highland
Inverclyde
Midlothian
Moray
North Ayrshire
North Lanarkshire
Orkney
Perth & Kinross
Renfrewshire
Scottish Borders
Shetland
South Ayrshire
South Lanarkshire
Stirling
West Dunbartonshire
West Lothian
Western Isles
North Scotland
North Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
North Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
North Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
North Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
North Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
South Scotland
North Scotland
GBABE
GBABS
GBANG
GBAAB
GBCLA
GBDAG
GBDUN
GBEAY
GBEDU
GBELO
GBERE
GBEDI
GBFAL
GBFIF
GBGLA
GBHIG
GBINV
GBMLO
GBMOR
GBNAY
GBNLA
GBORK
GBPAK
GBREN
GBSBO
GBSHE
GBSAY
GBSLA
GBSTI
GBWDU
GBWLO
GBWIS
NORTHERN IRELAND
Antrim
Armagh
Belfast
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
GBUAN
GBUAR
GBUBE
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Down
Fermanagh
Londonderry
Tyrone
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
GBUDO
GBUFE
GBULO
GBUTY
EIRE
Carlow
Cavan
Clare
Cork
Donegal
Dublin
Galway
Kerry
Kildare
Kilkenny
Laois
Leitrim
Limerick
Longford
Louth
Mayo
Meath
Monaghan
Offaly
Roscommon
Sligo
Tipperary
Waterford
Westmeath
Wexford
Wicklow
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
Eire
ERCAR
ERCAV
ERCLA
ERCOR
ERDON
ERDUB
ERGAL
ERKER
ERKIL
ERKIK
ERLAO
ERLEI
ERLIM
ERLON
ERLOU
ERMAY
ERMEA
ERMON
EROFF
ERROS
ERSLI
ERTIP
ERWAT
ERWES
ERWEX
ERWIC
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APPENDIX G
SPECIES WITH PRECOCIAL YOUNG OR WHERE BROOD SIZE
MAY NOT BE KNOWN
20
70
90
220
460
520
550
710
720
800
1520
1530
1610
1660
1670
1730
1790
1820
1840
1860
1890
1910
1940
1980
2030
2060
2230
3670
4070
4080
4210
4240
4290
4500
4560
4590
4690
RETDI
LITGR
GRCGR
FULMA
MANSH
STOPE
LEAPE
GANNE
CORMO
SHAG
MUTSW
BEWSW
GREGO
CANGO
BARGO
SHELD
WIGEO
GADW
TEAL
A
MALLA
PINTA
GARGA
SHOVE
POCHA
TUFDU
EIDER
GOOSA
GREPA
WATRA
SPOCR
CORNC
MOORH
COOT
OYSTE
AVOCE
STOCU
LIRPL
D:\106753889.doc
Red-throated Diver
Little Grebe
Great Crested Grebe
Fulmar
Manx Shearwater
Storm Petrel
Leach's Petrel
Gannet
Cormorant
Shag
Mute Swan
Bewick's Swan
Greylag Goose
Canada Goose
Barnacle Goose
Shelduck
Wigeon
Gadwall
Teal
Mallard
Pintail
Garganey
Shoveler
Pochard
Tufted Duck
Eider
Goosander
Grey Partridge
Water Rail
Spotted Crake
Corncrake
Moorhen
Coot
Oystercatcher
Avocet
Stone-curlew
Little Ringed Plover
4700
4820
4850
4860
4930
5120
5170
5190
5290
5320
5380
5410
5460
5480
5540
5560
5640
5670
5690
5750
5780
5820
5900
5910
5920
6000
6110
6140
6150
6160
6240
6340
6360
6380
6540
7240
57
RINPL
DOTTE
GOLPL
GREPL
LAPWI
DUNLI
RUFF
SNIPE
WOODC
BLTGO
WHIMB
CURLE
REDSH
GRESH
WOOSA
COMSA
RENPH
ARCSK
GRESK
MEDGU
LITGU
BLHGU
COMGU
LBBGU
HERGU
GBBGU
SANTE
ROSTE
COMTE
ARCTE
LITTE
GUILL
RAZOR
BLAGU
PUFFI
CUCKO
Ringed Plover
Dotterel
Golden Plover
Grey Plover
Lapwing
Dunlin
Ruff
Snipe
Woodcock
Black-tailed Godwit
Whimbrel
Curlew
Redshank
Greenshank
Wood Sandpiper
Common Sandpiper
Red-necked Phalarope
Arctic Skua
Great Skua
Mediterranean Gull
Little Gull
Black-headed Gull
Common Gull
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Herring Gull
Great Black-backed Gull
Sandwich Tern
Roseate Tern
Common Tern
Arctic Tern
Little Tern
Guillemot
Razorbill
Black Guillemot
Puffin
Cuckoo
17/02/2016 21:49
APPENDIX H
COLOUR MARK CODING
Position
Each leg bone can have up to four colour marks attached. Wing and neck up to two. Each of
these body parts are known as positions. Marks are always recorded from the top down. The
reading of any digits eg BIN should be from left to right as if they were the letters from a
word. The orientation of the writing on the ring whether it goes round, up or down should not
affect the code. In the Submission file the position codes mentioned below are not included
as the position is indicated by the field in the submission record. The colour mark codes are
also enclosed in double quotation marks.
The first two characters denote the position LB: left below the intertarsal joint ("knee"), LA: left above, RB: right below, RA: right
above, NC: Neck collar, RW: right wing tag, LW: left wing tag. NS:
Nasal tags and saddles. Note that special permission is required to
use unconventional marks (ie anything other than conventional
colour rings), please contact the Ringing Unit for details.
O
BT
KK
3
The colour marks at each position are listed from top down separated by commas (,). So for
yellow over BTO ring on the right leg on the tarsus (below the tarsal joint) we have RBY,M.
If colour marks are on multiple positions each position code is separated
by a semicolon eg LAG,Y;RAP,M .
Inscriptions (including digits, bands and wasp rings)
If the colour mark has digits enscribed these are recorded after the mark's
colour code in parentheses. The colour of the digits is required this is
recorded as the second colour of a two colour code eg a Green darvic with
Black digits on a Gull's left tarsus with code XSL
would be LBGN(XSL);RBN,M when the black
over BTO position is added. If there are bars
around the ring then these are recorded using the forward slash (/)
symbol.
Example 1: letter R separated from letter B by a bar (all black) round
a white ring (on the left tarsus) would be LBWN(R/B);
Example 2: as example 1 except that the bar is replaced by a bar at
each end of the ring would be LBWN(/RB/).
BTO
XSL
437
BTO
GH43
If a two-colour mark is used with different colour digits on each it should be recorded as two
marks; if they are the same colour then see below under two colour marks.
To record a tall ring a suffix code of T is used.
For ‘Wasp’ rings with positional bands on a (tall) ring a suffix of a hash (#) is used; the wasp
bands are recorded as for inscriptions except that the only characters allowed are 0 for ‘no
band’, 1 for thin band and 2 for ‘thick band’. For a yellow wasp ring with black bands on the
left tarsus with a thin band over a thick band over ‘no band’ is coded LBY#N(120).
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Leg Flags
Note: Special permission is required to use leg flags as they are an unconventional mark,
please contact the Ringing Unit for details.
To record leg flags a suffix code of F is used. eg LBRF is a red flag on the left tarsus.
Nasal tags and saddles
Note: This field is not currently in use. Special permission is required to use nasal tags or saddles as they
are unconventional marks, please contact the Ringing Unit for details.
Nasal tags and saddles are both recorded using the NS position code. Nasal saddles follow the
standard convention eg NSRB(QQ) for a Red Nasal Saddle with a Blue "QQ" inscription.
Nasal tags always come in pairs and are treated as two marks on the same position with the
tag on the bird’s right side being recorded first. Tags also have a shape which is recorded after
the colour code within square parentheses. Tag shape codes are: square [Q], rectangle [R],
triangle [T], circle [C], hexagon [H], octagon [O], star [S]. For a bird with a red, square tag
on the right and green circular tag on the left the coding is NSR[Q],G[C].
Marks with two colours (on one ring, tag or flag).
For two-colour marks a number after the colour indicates the type. Blank is the default for a
single colour, 2 for narrow (multiple stripes of each colour) stripes and 3 for thick (one stripe
of each colour) stripes. eg RAPC2,M for a Pale Blue/Dark Pink narrow striped ring over BTO
metal. The top colour, if applicable, should be the first letter of the code. If a striped colour
mark has digits inscribed that are all the same colour then the colour code of the digits
follows the colour codes for the ring. eg a white and green thick striped neck collar with dark
blue digits XYZ would be recorded as NCWG3B(XYZ).
Colour codes for colour marks
R
W
G
L
N
M
Y
U
Red
White
Green (dark)
Light Green (Lime)
Black (Niger)
BTO Metal Ring
Yellow
Brown (Umber)
D:\106753889.doc
P
O
C
K
B
V
S
A
Pale Blue
Orange
Dark Pink (Carmine)
Light Pink
Blue (dark)
Violet/Mauve/Purple
Silver/Grey
Any other metal ring
59
RTY
NCY(RTY)
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APPENDIX I
RACE CODES
ENGLISH_NAME
LATIN_NAME
Bewick's Swan
Whistling Swan
Bewick's Swan (bewickii)
Bean Goose
Taiga Bean Goose
Tundra Bean Goose
White-fronted Goose
European White-fronted Goose
Greenland White-fronted Goose
Brent Goose
Brent Goose (dark-bellied)
Brent Goose (light-bellied)
Black Brant
Dunlin
Dunlin (alpina)
Dunlin (arctica)
Dunlin (schinzii)
Dunlin (schinzii/arctica)
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Lesser Black-backed Gull (fuscus)
Lesser Black-backed Gull (graellsii
Lesser Black-backed Gull (intermed)
Herring Gull
Herring Gull (argentatus)
Caspian Gull
Herring Gull (argenteus)
Herring Gull (smithsonianus)
Iceland Gull
Iceland Gull (glaucoides)
Kumlien's Gull
Barn Owl
Barn Owl (alba)
Barn Owl (guttata)
Yellow Wagtail
Blue-headed Wagtail
Yellow Wagtail (flavissima)
Grey-headed Wagtail
Yellow Wagtail (feldegg)
Yellow Wagtail (cinereocapilla)
Yellow Wagtail (beema)
Yellow Wagtail (simillima)
Yellow Wagtail (leucocephala)
Pied Wagtail
Pied Wagtail (White)
Pied Wagtail (yarrellii)
Cygnus columbianus
Cygnus columbianus columbianus
Cygnus columbianus bewickii
Anser fabalis
Anser fabalis fabalis
Anser fabalis rossicus
Anser albifrons
Anser albifrons albifrons
Anser albifrons flavirostris
Branta bernicla
Branta bernicla bernicla
Branta bernicla hrota
Branta bernicla nigricans
Calidris alpina
Calidris alpina alpina
Calidris alpina arctica
Calidris alpina schinzii
Calidris alpina schinz/arctica
Larus fuscus
Larus fuscus fuscus
Larus fuscus graellsii
Larus fuscus intermedius
Larus argentatus
Larus argentatus argentatus
Larus argentatus cachinnans
Larus argentatus argenteus
Larus argentatus smithsonianus
Larus glaucoides
Larus glaucoides glaucoides
Larus glaucoides kumlieni
Tyto alba
Tyto alba alba
Tyto alba guttata
Motacilla flava
Motacilla flava flava
Motacilla flava flavissima
Motacilla flava thunbergi
Motacilla flava feldegg
Motacilla flava cinereocapilla
Motacilla flava beema
Motacilla flava simillima
Motacilla flava leucocephala
Motacilla alba
Motacilla alba alba
Motacilla alba yarrellii
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60
EURI
NG
SPECIES RACE INITIAL NOTES
RACE
NO
CODE
CODE CODE
1530 BEWSW
0
0
1531
1
1
1532
2
2
1570 BEAGO
0
0
1571
1
1
1574
4
4
1590 WHFGO
0
0
1591
1
1
1592
2
2
1680 BREGO
0
0
1681
1
1
1682
2
2
1683
3
3
5120 DUNLI
0
0
5121 DUNLI
1
1
5122 DUNLI *
3
3 NB doesn't follow pat
5123 DUNLI *
2
2 NB doesn't follow pat
5128 DUNLI *
4
4 NB doesn't follow pat
5910 LBBGU
0
0
5911
1
1
5912
2
2
5913
3
3
5920 HERGU
0
0
5921
1
1
5927
7
7
5928
8
8
26632
12 26632 Corresponding with e
5980 ICEGU
0
0
5981
1
1
5982
2
2
7350 BAROW
0
0
7351
1
1
7352
2
2
10170 YELWA
0
0
10171
1
1
10172
2
2
10173
3
3
10174
4
4
10175
5
5
10178
8
8
26643
13 26643 Corresponding with e
26642
12 26642 Corresponding with e
10200 PIEWA
0
0
10201 WHIWA
1
1
10202
2
2
17/02/2016 21:49
Dipper
Black-bellied Dipper
Dipper (gularis)
Bluethroat
Bluethroat (svecica)
Bluethroat (cyanecula)
Redstart
Redstart (phoenicurus)
Redstart (samamisicus)
Stonechat
Stonechat (stejnegeri)
Stonechat (maura)
Stonechat (hibernans)
Lesser Whitethroat
Lesser Whitethroat (curraca)
Lesser Whitethroat (halimomodendri
Lesser Whitethroat (minula)
Lesser Whitethroat (min./halim.)
Long-tailed Tit
Long-tailed Tit (caudatus)
Long-tailed Tit (rosaleus)
Woodchat Shrike
Woodchat Shrike (senator)
Woodchat Shrike (badius)
Bullfinch
Bullfinch (pyrrhula)
Bullfinch (pileata)
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Cinclus cinclus
Cinclus cinclus cinclus
Cinclus cinclus gularis
Luscinia svecica
Luscinia svecica svecica
Luscinia svecica cyanecula
Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Phoenicurusphoenicurus hoenicurus
Phoenicurusphoenicurus amamiscus
Saxicola torquata
Saxicola torquata stejnegeri
Saxicola torquata maura
Saxicola torquata hibernans
Sylvia curruca
Sylvia curruca curruca
Sylvia curruca halimodendri
Sylvia curruca minula
Sylvia c. minula/halimodendri
Aegithalos caudatus
Aegithalos caudatus caudatus
Aegithalos caudatus rosaleus
Lanius senator
Lanius senator senator
Lanius senator badius
Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Pyrrhula pyrrhula pyrrhula
Pyrrhula pyrrhula pileata
61
10500 DIPPE
10501
10504
11060 BLUTH
11061
11062
11220 REDST
11221
11222
11390 STOCH
11392
11394
11395
12740 LESWH
12741
12743
12744
99817
14370 LOTTI
14371
14375
15230 WOOSH
15231
15232
17100 BULLF
17101
17103
0
1
4
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
2
4
5
0
1
3
4
17
0
1
5
0
1
2
0
1
3
0
1
4
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
2
4
5
0
1
3
4
99817 NB doesn't follow pat
0
1
5
0
1
2
0
1
3
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