Urinary Outline
Abbreviations:
TURP: transurethral resection
UA: urinalysis
PSA: prostate specific
of the prostate
BUN: blood urea nitrogen
antigen
BPH: benign prostatic
ADH: antidiuretic hormone
PKU: phenylketonuria
hypertrophy
IVP: intravenous
H20: water
UTI: urinary tract infection
pyelogram
I & O: Intake and output
Functions of Urinary system:
-
Keeps the proper amount of _______water_________________________ in the body.
to remove ________waste______ ______products__________________ from the blood
Excretes waste through ___________urine_____________.
List all 6 parts of the urinary system:
2 kidneys
2 ureters
bladder
urethra
Kidneys
3 structures of the kidney:
-
1. Cortex: outer protective portion
2. Medulla: inner soft portion
3. Hilum: middle of concave side, where blood vessels, nerves, and ureters enter and leave
Blood enters the kidney through the ___renal__________ ___artery__________ and leaves through the
____renal _________ ___vein____________.
Blood flows through the kidneys at a constant rate.
Nephron
o nephrons: units in which the kidneys functions are performed
o Each kidney contains more ___________nephrons than one person needs__________ allowing
_____people to live a normal life with only one or part of a kidney________________________
o ____Arteriole (artery)________________ lead into the nephrons
o Made up of a group of capillaries called a _____glomerulus____________________________
Glomerulus
o Filters __fluid____________ from the blood
o Is the __________________first place where urine is formed in the kidney________________________
o Has walls thin enough to allow _water_, _sugar, __salts__, __urea__, and certain wastes to pass through.
Renal Tubule
o Carries urine to ______ducts in the kidneys cortex____________________________________
Bowman’s Capsule
o Surrounds each ___glomerulus_____________________________________
o Where fluid _____collects________________ and then passes into a ____renal____________
_tubule______________.
Capillaries
o Surround the ______renal _______________ ______tubule______________________
o Allow most water, sugars, and salts to be ________reabsorbed into blood stream__________________
o Remaining fluid, which is now urine, contains _water, salts, sugars, some urea, and uric acid___
Renal Pelvis
o Where urine travels to from the _________capillaries______________________________________
o A ___collecting____________________ area
o located _____in the center of the kidney____________________________________
Picture
Anatomical Structure
kidneys
Functions
About the size of a ______fist_________________.
Form ______urine_________________ for excretion.
Retain essential substances the body needs in a
process called ______reabsorption____________.
Urine is produced by filtration of ___water_____,
____salts_, _____sugar___, ___urea__, and
_______other waste materials____
Filters about ___1700____quarts of blood a day.
Contains about ____1 million_______ nephrons.
ureters
__6____ to _____7___ inches long.
Transports _____urine__ from the ____renal______
__pelvis__________to the urinary bladder.
Contain ___smooth_____ ___muscle________ that
perform a rhythmic contraction to move urine.
bladder
Is a __hollow_____________ muscular organ.
Stores ___urine_____________ until it is ready to be
_____excreted______________ from the body.
Urine is__pumped__ into the bladder every few secs.
Can hold approx. __300______ to ____400______
milliliters, about __1 1/2____ to _2__ cups, of urine
before emptying.
Walls __epithelial_________ ___tissue_____ that
stretch and allow bladder to hold twice as much
When stretched ____nerve_____ __endings______
that create the urge to urinate are stimulated.
urethra
Where urine is ___excreted__________________.
A tube of ______smooth___ ____muscle_______
with a _mucous__________ lining.
Females is __1.5__ inches long. It opens through the
___meatus_________ , located at the distal end.
Males is _8___inches.
Urine pass through 3 regions before exiting through
the ___meatus__________________.