1. Calculate allele frequency and genotype frequency for a herd of horses in which p = 0.32. p = .32, q = .68 HH = (.32)(.32) = .1024 Hh = 2(.32)(.68) = .4352 hh = (.68)(.68) = .4624 2. In a small village in Africa, 15% of the population is born with sickle-cell anemia (aa). (q2 = .15) 1. What is the frequency for the “A” allele? p = 1 - .3873 = .6127 2. What is the frequency for the “a” allele? q = .3873 3. What are the three genotype frequencies? AA = p2 = (.6127)2 = .3754 Aa = 2pq = 2(.6127)(.3873) = .4746 aa = .15 4. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many individuals in a neighboring village of 3,500 would be expected to be heterozygous? 3,500(.4746) = 1661.1 = 1661 individuals A butterfly population has two colors: brown wings and white wings. Brown wings are dominant. The frequency of the brown allele is .8. Find everything else (allele frequencies and genotype frequencies). p = .8 = 80% brown wing allele q = .2 = 20% white wing allele BB = p2 =.8(.8) = .64 = 64% BB Bb = 2pq = 2(.8)(.2) = .32 = 32% Bb bb = q2 = .2(.2) = .04 = 4% bb Recall: p + q = 1 (allele frequencies) p2 + 2pq + q2 (genotype frequencies)