Table 1S—[Section 1.0] PICO Questions Section Pancoast tumors Section Surgery for T3N0M0 NSCLC (one or more nodules in the same lobe) Section M1a lesions (nodules in ipsilateral lung but different lobe) vs. a synchrono us primary NSCLC Informal Questions In a patient with a Pancoast tumor, does induction chemoradiation therapy improve complete resection rates and improve 5year survival? Informal Questions Does the new T3N0M0 classification (for this subset of T3 lesions) have similar survival to M1a disease (M1a by ipsilateral NSCLC in another lobe)? Informal Questions How to determine if the lesion is a synchronous primary NSCLC or M1a lesion and does it matter? PICO Question Population Patients with a Pancoast tumor Intervention (s) Induction chemo-radiation therapy Comparator None or Adjuvant therapy Study Methods Outcome Improve complete resection rates and 5-year survival. PICO Question Population Bx-proven NSCLC with other nodules in the same lobe or ipsilateral lobes Intervention (s) Chest CT FDG-PET Needle biopsy Surgery Comparator Chemotherap y or Non-surgical intervention Study Methods Outcome Yield Accuracy Dx thinking Treatment plan Complications Unnecessary or futile surgery Mortality Costeffectiveness PICO Question Population Multiple nodules identified during evaluation of dominant nodule Intervention (s) Chest CT FDG-PET Needle biopsy Navigational bronchoscopy Surgery Comparator Chemothera py or Nonsurgical intervention RCT Cohort Case-control Case series Cohort Case-control Case series Study Methods Outcome Yield Accuracy Dx thinking Treatment plan Complications Unnecessary or futile surgery Survival Mortality Costeffectiveness Cohort Case-control Case series