CP Biology
Chapter 2 – Part 1 Study Guide
Chapter 2 – Part 1 Vocabulary
Matter
Atom
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Electron shell/Orbital
Nucleus
Valence electrons/valence shell
Element
Atomic number
Atomic mass
Isotopes
Compound
Molecule
Covalent bonds
Single, double, triple bond
Ionic bonds
Ion
Hydrogen ion (H+)
Hydroxide ion (OH-)
Non-polar covalent bond
Polar covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Van der Waals
Heat of evaporation
Specific heat of water
Mixture
Solution
Solvent
Solute
Cohesion
Adhesion
Surface tension
Aqueous solution
Acid
Base
pH scale
Buffers
Chemical Reaction
Reactant
Product
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis
Additional Concepts/Application
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Structure of the atom
Given information from the Periodic table, you should be able to figure out the
number of protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic mass, or atomic number for any
element,
Formation of ions(ionic bonds) , covalent bond, polar vs. nonpolar covalent bonds
Read molecular formulas with subscripts
You should understand the structure and properties of the water molecule,
You should understand general information about pH and the pH scale
o Number range for acid and base
o Direction of increasing strength for acid or base
o Significance of moving 1 pH unit vs. moving 2 pH units, etc.
o Common household examples of acids or bases
o Buffers - definition and example: carbonic acid buffer in blood
Definition only for Dehydration synthesis and Hydrolysis