Geology
Name: ______________________________
Directions: Circle the correct answer
1. The smallest particle of matter that enters into a chemical reaction:
a. matter
c. atom
c. protons
d. neutrons
2. The core of the atom contains:
a. protons and electrons
b. protons and neutrons
c. electrons and neutrons
d. all protons
3. When an atom loses and electron/s, it forms
a. anion
c. cation
b. ion
d. none of the above
4. Which element has 26 protons, 26 electrons and 30 neutrons?
a. iron
c. manganese
b. magnesium
d. zirconium
5. When an atom gains an electron.
a. It gains a positive charge because there are more protons than that of the
neutral atom.
b. It gains a negative charge because there are less protons than that of the
neutral atom
c. It gains a positive charge because there are more electrons than that of the
neutral atom
d. It gains negative charge because there are more electrons than that of the
neutral atom
6. The element phosphorus has a mass number of 31. How many numbers of protons are there
in this element phosphorus?
a. 31
c. 15
b. 16
d. 46
7. In the sub atomic particle of an atom:
a. the atomic mass unit of electron is the same as that of the proton
b. the atomic mass unit of electron is the same as that of a neutron
c. the atomic mass of a neutron is the sane as that of a proton
d. the atomic mass of electron is the same as that of a proton and a neutron.
8. Valence electron of an elements determines
a. the kind of chemical bonding that element will undergo
b. the kind of physical bonding that element will undergo
9. When an element enters into a chemical reaction
a. they want to attain a stable configuration
b. one substance seeks to attain a stable configuration
c. two substances may not attain a stable configuration for as long as they can react
d. it is not important to an element to react or not
10. An atom
a. contains a proton surrounding the nucleus
b. contains neutrons surrounded by the electrons.
c. contains a nucleus an electrons are stationary around it
d. contains a nucleus and electrons are constantly moving around it
11. The two most abundant elements in the earth’s crust are
a. silicate and carbonates
c. silicon and oxygen
b. oxygen and aluminum
d. quartz and feldspar
12. The most common mineral in the Earth’s crust is ________ and the most common mineral
is _________
a. quartz; feldspar
c. feldspar ; quartz
b. silicate ; carbonate
d. olivine ; feldspar
13. A mineral that is not a silicate is
a. feldspar
b. calcite
c. mica
d. sulfur
14. All minerals are
a. organic
b. crystalline solid
c. crystals
d. synthetic
15. The basic building block of silicate minerals is the
a. silicate tetrahedron
b. silicate triangular structure
c. crystalline silicate sulfur
d. silicate cleavage direction
16. Minerals are composed of
a. silicon compounds
c. elements joined together as compounds
c. common types of rocks
d. homogeneous solids
17. Minerals are formed by the process of
a. crystallization
b. silica enrichment
c. magma differentiation
d. partial melting
18. Color is not a reliable means for minerals identification because
a. minerals come in a variety of colors, and chemical impurities in the mineral can
affect the color
b. minerals can weather and change color
c. a mineral’s powdered color is different than its solid color
d. there are so many colored minerals
18. Streak is much better to use in identifying the minerals than its color because
a. streak gives a much brighter color than that of a mineral
b. streak lessens the impurities present in the mineral
c. streak lessens the cleavage of the mineral
d. streak does not fracture a mineral
19. A mineral’s hardness is dependent on the
a. strength of its chemical bonds
b. strength of its ionization
c. size of the atoms; large atoms are harder than small atoms
d. geometric arrangement of atoms; sheet structured tetrahedral are harder than chained
tetrahedral
20. The property of a mineral to break along planes of weakness if referred to as
a. cleavage
c. hardness
b. fracture
d. bond strength
21. Minerals that have strong bonds between flat crystal surfaces tend to
a. cleavage more easily
c. show poor cleavage
b. show well –developed cleavage
d. have a well-developed streak
22. Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to break along planed of weakness. The planes of
weakness are a function of crystal form and
a. hardness
c. chemical bond
b. symmetry
d. crystal size
23. The physical property of cleavage, the tendency of certain minerals to split along certain
planar surfaces is conspicuous in
a. sapphire
c. mica
b. quartz
d. chalk
24. Which of the following properties most clearly reflects the internal arrangement of
atoms in a crystalline material?
a. color
c. cleavage
b. luster
d. specific gravity
25. Moh’s scale is defined on the basis of minerals that have different
a. cleavage restrictions
c. colors
b. hardness
d. shape
26.. In Moh’s scale. Diamond is considered as the hardest minerals, this is because.
a. diamond is composed of graphite that is strongly bonded along the three planes
b. diamond is composed of carbon that is strongly bonded along the three planes
c. diamond is composed of elements joined together and is strongly bonded along
three planes
d. diamond is the most expensive mineral .
27. A mineral deposit can be classified as an ore deposit when
a. valuable metals are present in the deposit
b. valuable metals in the deposit can be mined at a profit
c. it contains valuable fossil fuels
d. it contains valuable gemstone quality minerals
28. Quartz type of minerals, commonly
a. forms cleavage
c. streaks
c. fractures
d. has a very high specific
gravity
29. In a single tetrahedron
a. one oxygen atom bonds to another oxygen atom
b. one oxygen atom bonds to another silicon atom
c. one oxygen atoms bonds to aluminum
d. one oxygen atom bonds to another two silicon atoms.
30. The following are examples of dark silicate minerals, except
a. olivine
c. orthoclase
b. pyroxenes
d. hornblende