Name:
Date
Period
Ch 22 Study Guide
1. The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution allowed for:
A) prohibition of the sale and distribution of all alcoholic beverages
B) the right of women to vote
C) direct election of senators
D) a national income tax
2. As a reformer, Theodore Roosevelt:
A) rebelled against the leaders of his party
B) became an advocate of radical change
C) became an advocate of cautious, moderate change
D) became an opponent of progressive reform
3. The outcome of the government’s case against the northern Securities Company in 1904 was
that:
A) Theodore Roosevelt gave up the attempt to bust the trusts
B) this railroad monopoly was ordered to be dissolved
C) the Sherman Antitrust Act was declared unconstitutional
D) the Sherman Antitrust Act was ruled inapplicable in this case
4. The expression “square deal,” was used by Theodore Roosevelt, meant that the federal
government would:
A) combat racial injustice
B) provide jobs for everyone
C) be favorable to labor unions
D) treat all interests impartially
5. With respect to government-controlled public lands, Roosevelt generally favored:
A) absolute preservation in their natural states
B) leasing for unrestricted private exploration
C) conservation with carefully managed development
D) outright sale to private developers who could use the land in any way they wished
6. The central issue in the Pinchot-Ballinger controversy was:
A) the tariff
B) conservation
C) trust busting
D) the right of labor to bargain collectively
7. George Perkins Marsh claimed that trees did all of the following EXCEPT
A) damage the surrounding farmland
B) prevent erosion
C) provide access to lumber and fuel
D) stabilize the flow of water in natural springs and streams
8. The New Nationalism of Theodore Roosevelt called for:
A) strengthening the regulatory powers of the federal government
B) returning to the laissez-faire principles of the late nineteenth century
C) investing the states with the largest responsibility for controlling the trusts and regulating
industry
D) a vigorous program of trust busting to restore free competition and thus obviate the need for
government regulation
9. President Taft:
A) was able to maintain the support of both the progressive and conservative wings of the
Republican Party
B) actively worked to push lower tariff rates through a reluctant Congress
C) had difficulty gaining election to the White House, even as Roosevelt’s handpicked successor
D) left office as the most decisively defeated president of the twentieth century
10. The New Freedom of Woodrow Wilson called for:
A) strengthening the regulatory powers of the federal government
B) returning to the laissez-faire principles of the late nineteenth century
C) investing the states with the largest responsibility for controlling the trusts and regulating
industry
D) a vigorous program of trust busting to restore free competition and thus obviate the need for
government regulation
11. In the election of 1912, the Progressive Party was known by the nickname:
A) Bull Moose
B) Half-Breed
C) Mugwump
D) teddy bear
12. The effect of the Progressive Party’s entrance into the presidential election of 1912 was to:
A) make no difference whatsoever in the outcome
B) split the Republican vote and allow the Democrat to win
C) split the Democratic vote and allow the Republican to win
D) prevent any of the three parties from gaining a majority in the electoral college
13. The Underwood-Simmons tariff, one of the first major pieces of legislation passed in
Wilson’s administration, was significant in that it:
A) was passed over the president’s veto
B) caused a major split in the Democratic party
C) substantially lowered the tariff and enacted an income tax
D) actually raised average rates, although called a reform measure
14. An important feature of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was that it:
A) made the recurrence of a major depression impossible
B) provided for a more elastic currency in the form of Federal Reserve notes
C) required all banks in the nation to become members of the Federal Reserve system
D) established a central bank in which individuals could safely deposit their savings
15. One of the most important functions of the Federal Trade Commission was to:
A) bust trusts
B) promote American exports
C) guarantee the rights of labor
D) regulate businesses and prevent unfair trade practices
16. Although Wilson had campaigned in 1912 on the principles of the New Freedom, in practice
his first term went far toward enacting key principles of the :
A) New Deal
B) New Nationalism
C) western conservationists
D) Republican Old Guard
17. In 1916, Congress passed the Keating-Owen Act to regulate child labor. Congress attempted
to justify this legislation under its power to:
A) tax
B) promote the general welfare
C) regulate interstate commerce
D) protect the health and safety of all citizens
18. Theodore Roosevelt’s mediation was important at the Portsmouth peace conference of 1905,
which:
A) ended the Sino-Japanese War
B) ended the Russo-Japanese War
C) settled the Franco-German dispute over Morocco
D) settled the Venezuela boundary dispute with Great Britain
19. The aphorism “Speak softly and carry a big stick” was used by Roosevelt in reference to his:
A) foreign policy
B) policy toward labor unions
C) technique when on safari in Africa
D) political strategy toward the Democrats
20. Roosevelt based his distinction between “civilized” and “uncivilized” countries on:
A) race alone
B) economic development alone
C) both race and economic development
D) both race and military development
21. The main purpose of the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe Doctrine was to:
A) renounce the use of military force in Latin America
B) provide legal grounds for the extension of America’s colonial empire in Latin America
C) justify U.S. military intervention in Latin America if necessary to forestall interference by
European nations
D) provide a timetable for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Caribbean islands
22. When Panamanian rebels started a revolt against the government of Colombia in 1903, the
United States:
A) remain strictly neutral
B) intervened on the side of Colombia
C) intervened on the side of the rebels
D) called for a meeting of the Pan-American Union
23. William Howard Taft’s policy of encouraging private American investments in
underdeveloped regions of the world was given what label by some commentators?
A) Dollar Diplomacy
B) Missionary Diplomacy
C) The White Man’s Burden
D) The Good Neighbor Policy
24. Wilson refused to recognize the regime of Victoriano Huerta in Mexico because:
A) he disapproved of its action in murdering political opponents
B) it would have been politically unpopular in the United States
C) he feared it was too leftist and would nationalize U.S. investments
D) he considered it a rebel government in exile, not the legitimate government
25. The result of the American military expeditions into Mexico in 1914 and 1916 was to:
A) drive out German influence
B) remove a dictator and restore democracy
C) embitter U.S. – Mexican relations for several years
D) lead to more than a decade of occupation by the U.S. Army
26. As president, Theodore Roosevelt gained political strength especially through
A) his careful use of traditional diplomacy
B) his willingness to follow Congress’s lead in domestic policy
C) his personal popularity with the public and his belief in direct action
D) his ability to subordinate his own personality to that of his cabinet
27. Besides Panama, the primary alternative site for Central American canal was
A) Cuba
B) Nicaragua
C) Mexico
D) Colombia
28. Roosevelt overcame Colombia’s refusal to approve a canal treaty by
A) increasing the amount of money the United States was willing to pay for a canal zone
B) encouraging Panamanian rebels to revolt and declare independence from Colombia
C) looking for another canal site elsewhere in Central America
D) seeking mediation of the dispute by other Latin American nations
29. Roosevelt’s policies in Panama and elsewhere in Latin America led to
A) a Good neighbor policy between the United States and its “little brothers” in Latin America
B) resentment and hostility toward American intervention in Latin America
C) growing tension between the United States and Germany over influence in the region
D) anti-Roosevelt feelings among the Hispanic population in the United States
30. Theodore Roosevelt’s slogan that started his essential foreign policy principle was
A) “Open covenants openly arrived at”
B) “Millions for defense but not one cent for tribute”
C) “Speak softly and carry a big stick”
D) Democracy and Liberty in the New World Order”
31. Roosevelt’s “Great White Fleet” essentially served as
A) a support force for the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
B) a demonstration of American naval power in East Asia
C) a sign that America would intervene in China if necessary
D) a means of providing relief shipment of food to famine victims in Latin America and Asia
32. As a result of his successful campaign in 1908, William Howard Taft was expected to
A) continue and extend Roosevelt’s progressive policies
B) forge a coalition with William Jennings Bryan and the Democrats
C) emphasize foreign policy instead of Roosevelt’s domestic reforms
D) turn away from Roosevelt and toward the conservative wing of the Republican party
33. Roosevelt finally decided to break with the Republicans and form a third party because
A) he had always regarded the Republican party as too conservative
B) he could no longer stand to be in the same party with Taft
C) Taft used his control of the Republican convention to deny Roosevelt the nomination
D) Roosevelt believed that he would have a better chance of winning the presidency as a thirdparty candidate
IDENTIFICATION
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
1. Proverbial symbol of Roosevelt’s belief that presidents should engage
in diplomacy but also maintain a strong military readiness to back up
their policy
2. Diplomatic agreement of 1901 that permitted the United States to
build and fortify a Central American canal alone, without British
involvement
3. Agreement between the United States and the revolutionary
government of Panama granting America the right to build a canal
4. Questionable extension of a traditional American policy; declared an
American right to intervene in Latin American nations under certain
circumstances
5. War concluded by Roosevelt-mediated treaty that earned TR the
Nobel Peace Prize but caused much ill will toward America from the
two signatories
6. Large U.S. naval force sent on a peaceful but highly visible voyage to
Japan and elsewhere in 1907
DEVELOPING HISTORICAL SKILLS
Often a broad historical movement, such as progressivism, can best be understood by breaking it
down into various component parts. Among the varieties of progressive reform are (A) political
progressivism, (B) economic or industrial progressivism, (C) consumer progressivism, and (D)
environmental progressivism.
Put each of the following progressive acts , policies, or court cases into one of tehse
categories by writing in the correct letter.
_____ 1. The Newlands Act of 1902
_____ 2. The ten-hour law for bakers
_____ 3. The movement for women’s suffrage
_____ 4. The anthracite coal strike of 1902
_____ 5. Direct election of senators
_____ 6. The Meat Inspection Act of 1906
_____ 7. The Pure Food and Drug Act
_____ 8. Initiative, referendum, and recall
_____ 9. Muller v Oregon
_____ 10. The Hepburn Act of 1906
_____ 11. Yosemite and Grand Canyon National Parks
_____ 12. Workmen’s compensation laws