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What are the five breeds of dairy cattle?
Answer: Holstein, Jersey, Brown Swiss, Ayrshire and Guernsey
What is the gestation period for a cow?
Answer: 9 months
What is a mother cow called?
Answer: Dam
What is a father bull called?
Answer: Sire
True or False. Registered dairy animals are purebred with registration papers filed with a Purebred
Dairy Cattle Association.
7.
8.
9.
6.
Answer: True
Does a grade dairy animal have registration papers?
Answer: No
What is another word for diarrhea or loose stool?
Answer: Scours
What is the first thick milk cow gives after giving birth to a baby calf?
Answer: Colostrum
Name two methods of dehorning calves and the reason for dehorning.
Answer: Electric dehorner, caustic potash burn-off or scooping method. Older animal’s horns must be cut off. Dehorn so they don’t injure each other.
10. What is mastitis?
Answer: An infection in the udder.
11. An average cow should produce how much milk and butterfat in a 305 day period?
Answer: Holstein 19,000 pounds of milk
Jersey 13.000 pounds of milk
665 pounds butterfat
520 pounds butterfat
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12. Name five dairy products.
Answer: Milk, butter, ice cream, cheese, cottage cheese and yogurt.
13. Cows have four stomachs. Name one of them.
Answer: Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasums
14. True or False. Cows eat hay, silage, green chop, pasture and grain.
Answer: True
15. On average, how much do calves weigh at birth?
Answer: Holstein – 90 pounds, Jersey – 55 pounds
16. What feed helps your animal grow and build muscle?
Answer: Protein
17. Name two feeds for dairy cattle that are a good source of protein.
Answer: Cottonseed, soybeans, linseed and alfalfa hay
18. What do you call high energy feeds?
Answer: Carbohydrates
19. Name three carbohydrates.
Answer: Barley, corn, oats, barley, wheat, mile, beet pulp and molasses
20. What is the main function of the digestive system?
Answer: To digest and absorb the nutrients in food
21. What do you call the amount of feed an animal eats in a 24 hour period?
Answer: Ration
22. What do you call a ration that has the correct amount of protein, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins?
Answer: A balanced ration
23. What is feed that is low in digestibility and high in fiber?
Answer: Roughage
24. Give an example of roughage.
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Answer: Hay or pasture
25. A feed that is highly digestible and low in fiber is called what?
Answer: Concentrate
26. Give two examples of concentrate.
Answer: Cottonseed, corn, barley, soybean
27. Give an example of high fiber feed.
Answer: Straw, hay and pasture
28. Give an example of a needed mineral.
Answer: Calcium, phosphorous and sodium
29. What do the initials TDN stand for?
Answer: Total Digestible Nutrients
30. What is parturition?
Answer: The act of giving birth.
31. What is a pedigree?
Answer: A table that gives a line of ancestors for an animal, a genealogical tree.
32. What is a purebred animal?
Answer: An animal of recognized breed kept pure for many generations. A purebred animal may or may not be registered, but all registered animals are purebred.
33. What is genetics?
Answer: The study of how animal characteristics are passed from parent to offspring.
34. What is nutrition?
Answer: The study of the feeding process and how an animal uses feed.
35. Name two minerals found in milk.
Answer: Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium
36.
Why do you wash a cow’s teats and udder before milking?
Answer: It removes the dirt and helps the cow let her milk down.
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37. Can scours be easily transferred from one animal to another?
Answer: Yes
38. Colostrum fed to calves immediately after they are born helps prevent ___________.
Answer: Scours
39. What are ringworm symptoms?
Answer: Small to large scaly, hairless, gray areas especially on an animal’s face around the eyes.
40. True or False. Ringworm is easily spread by contact with other animals.
Answer: True
41. What should you do if you suspect your animal has ringworm?
Answer: Call your veterinarian.
42. What is bloat?
Answer: The production of gas in the rumen of an animal producing a stable foam which interferes with belching and causes gas to accumulate.
43. True or False. Bloat will not cause death to an animal.
Answer: False.
44. True of False. Bloat can occur while animals are on green pasture, being fed chopped forage.
Answer: True
45. What are the symptoms of shipping fever?
Answer: High fever, pneumonia, depression and loss of appetite caused by stress during shipping.
46. Foot rot is an invasion by an organism that grows best without oxygen in the skin and bottom tissue of an animal’s foot, causing __________ and ___________.
Answer: Swelling and lameness
47. True or False. Foot rot does not have a bad odor.
Answer: False
48. True or False. Calf pneumonia is an infection of the lungs and usually follows some other disease.
Answer: True
49. What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
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Answer: Loss of appetite, high fever and dry nose
50. True or False. Lice can prevent growth.
Answer: True
51. When do lice occur?
Answer: Winter
52. What are the symptoms of lice?
Answer: Loss of hair, scruffy type skin causing rubbing
53. At what age does State law requires that calves be vaccinated for brucellosis?
Answer: Between 4 and 6 months of age
54. What are the symptoms of warbles?
Answer: Bumps on the back.
55. What are warbles caused by?
Answer: Heel flies laying eggs around the feet of the animal.
56. True or False. Man can get tuberculosis from cow’s milk when the cow has TB.
Answer: True
57. True or False. Corn silage is recommended for calves under 6 months of age.
Answer: False
58. What is a CMT?
Answer: California Mastitis Test
59. What does the CMT measure?
Answer: Amounts of somatic cells in milk
60. At what age can Holsteins be bred?
Answer: 18 to 20 months of age
61. What is the heat period of a cow?
Answer: 19 to 23 days
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62. What is gestation?
Answer: The period from the time the cow is bred until she calves.
63. What is the gestation period of a heifer?
Answer: 9 months and 10 days
64. How many quarters does a cow have?
Answer: Four
65. Why is it necessary to forestrip quarters when milking?
Answer: It removes the first milk, which is high in bacteria and checks for signs of mastitis.
66. Why should you dry teats and udder before milking?
Answer: It reduces movement of bacteria in water and helps the cow release her milk.
67. Calves lose their ability to absorb antibodies from colostrum within _____ hours of birth.
Answer: 24
68. What protein in only found in milk?
Answer: Casein
69. What is a pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production?
Answer: Bovine Somatotropin (BST)
70. What does DHIA stand for?
Answer: Dairy Heard Improvement Association
71. What is another word for milk fat?
Answer: Butterfat
72. What disease of cows occurs at about the time or parturition that involves paralysis of the muscles and is associated with a low level of calcium in the blood?
Answer: Milk Fever
73. What does AI stand for?
Answer: Artificial Insemination
74. What is milk that is less than one percent butterfat called?
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Answer: Skim milk
75. What is urea?
Answer: A non-protein, organic substance containing 45% nitrogen used as a feed additive in ruminants.
76. What is returning food from the stomach to the mouth in ruminants called?
Answer: Regurgitation
77. How long is a dry period for a cow?
Answer: 60 days (2 months)
78. True or False. You can always tell by looking at cows or their milk which ones have mastitis.
Answer: False
August 28, 2007