Bio 20 Exam #1
RMorales
Part I: Please answer the following 35 multiple choice questions. Choose the BEST possible answer and make
sure you erase all unwanted marks before you turn in your scantron!
1) The physical appearance of an individual is referred to as its
a. Genotype
b. Phenotype
c. Allele
d. Homologous
e. Sister chromatid
2) Which of these organelles is associated with ATP synthesis?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. Mitochondria
d. Nucleus
e. Ribosome
3) The building blocks of a nucleic acid
a. Amino acid
b. Nucleotides
c. Glycerol
d. Fatty acids
e. Peptides
4) The process of change that produces the diversity of life on earth is called
a. Evolutionary theory
b. Homeostasis
c. Levels of organization
d. Hierarchy of life
e. Cell theory
5) The site of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells
a. Nucleus
b. Plasma membrane
c. Ribosomes
d. Mitochondria
e. Lysosome
6) The tentative explanation to be tested is called
a. A theory
b. A scientific theory
c. The hypothesis
d. The data
e. The conclusion
7) Alleles most accurately refers to:
a. The homologous chromosome
b. Sister chromatids
c. Dominant genes
d. Recessive genes
e. Different forms of a gene influencing trait
8) Hydrolysis of fat results in a
a. Glucose
b. Amino acids
c. Two monosaccharides
d. Glycerol and fatty acids
e. Nucleic acids
9) The plasma membrane is composed of
a. Cellulose
b. Cellulose and protein
c. Lipids only
d. Phospholipids and proteins
e. Nucleic acids
10) Which of these is heterozygous?
a. AA
b. Aa
c. aa
d. BB
e. All of the above
11) The central structure within a cell that contains the genetic material is called
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Rough ER
e. Smooth ER
12) A nucleotide contains
a. DNA and RNA
b. A sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
c. RNA, protein, and lipids
d. A sugar, a phosphate and amino acid
e. Glycerol and fatty acids
13) A hypertonic solution contains
a. Equal amounts of solute and water
b. Greater concentration of solute than the cytoplasm
c. Lesser concentration of solute than the cytoplasm
d. No solutes
e. Pure water
14) Choose the following statement that is NOT directly in agreement with our discussion
a. Human beings are related to all living things
b. DNA is the genetic material
c. ATP is the energy source of living things
d. Humans, unlike all other organisms are made of special molecules called cells
e. All living things including humans reproduce and grow
15) If one strand of DNA has the base sequence ATCGTA, what will the complementary RNA sequence have?
a. TAGCAT
b. ATCGTA
c. CAGUCU
d. ATGCTA
e. UAGCAU
16) The ability of the plasma membrane to choose which molecules will enter or exit the cells is referred to as
a. Differential selectiveness
b. Metabolic diversity
c. Selective permeability
d. Diffusion
e. Osmosis
17) Most fthe ATP of aerobic respiration is produced directly from
a. Glycolysis
b. Kreb cycle
c. Electron transport system
d. Lysosomes
e. Ribosomes
18) In water, hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen atom in one molecule and
a. An oxygen atom in the same molecule
b. An oxygen atom in a different molecule
c. A hydrogen atom in the same molecule
d. A hydrogen atom in a different molecule
e. A hydrogen ion
19) In DNA, what makes up the “sides” of the ladder?
a. Sugar-amino acid backbone
b. Sugar-nitrogenous base backbone
c. Amino acid backbone
d. Sugar-phosphate backbone
e. Base-phophate backbone
20) Human anatomy and physiology, and the environment both
a. Are systems that may be disrupted
b. Are self-regulating through feedback mechanisms
c. Establish homeostasis
d. Are complex
e. All of the above
21) If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to
a. Form a spindle
b. Synthesize proteins
c. Breakdown fat
d. Reproduce
e. Undergo mitosis
22) The pH of blood is slightly basic. Which of the following pH numbers most closely reflects normal blood pH?
a. 6.4
b. 4.6
c. 6.8
d. 7.4
e. 13.8
23) Choose the statement(s) that describe the cell theory
a. All living things are made of genes
b. Cells come only from pre-existing cells
c. Cells must be associated with other cells
d. Cell must be round
e. All living this are related
24) The process of making a copy of DNA is called
a. Transcription
b. Translation
c. Mitosis
d. DNA Replication
e. Meiosis
25) An ionic bond is
a. An example of a bond that results in shared electrons
b. The transfer of electrons from one atom to another
c. An ion
d. Covalent bond
e. Hydrogen bond
26) A concept, based on conclusions of observations and experimentation, that joins together well-supported and
related hypotheses is called
a. A theory
b. Observation
c. Data
d. Results
e. Conclusion
27) Which of these indicates a recessive allele?
a. Capital letters
b. Lowercase letters
c. Italicized letters
d. Letters in parenthese
e. Numbers
28) Every three base code on DNA (a triplet) codes for a single
a. Carbohydrate monomer
b. Lipid
c. Amino acid
d. Nucleic acid
e. Carboxylic acid
29) The process whereby small molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
is
a. Diffusion
b. Active transport
c. Endocytosis
d. Exocytosis
e. Selective permeability
30) If the atomic number of an element is 15, then how many electrons are in the outermost shell of the atom?
a. 2
b. 7
c. 13
d. 5
e. 8
31) The fundamental unit-of-life that make up all living things are called
a. Compartments
b. Organelles
c. Cells
d. Chromosomes
e. Nucleic acids
32) The reaction that occurs when two glucose molecules combine to form a disaccharide molecule is called
a. Dehydration synthesis
b. Hydrolysis
c. Hydrogen bonding
d. Ionic attraction
e. Glycolysis
33) The overall process whereby cells completely break down glucose to CO2 and water for energy is known as
a. Glycolysis
b. Cellular respiration
c. Fermentation
d. Aneorobic respiration
e. Meiosis
34) The genetic make-up of an individual is referred to as its
a. Genotype
b. Phenoty[e
c. Allele
d. Meiosis
e. Mitosis
35) The bond that joins amino acids together in proteins is called
a. Hydrogen bond
b. High-energy phosphate bond
c. Glycolytic bond
d. Peptide bond
e. Ionic bond
Part II: Answer the following short answer questions. 15 points
A. What is meant by the “Hierarchy of life”? (2 points)
B. Describe the four major tissues. (3)
C. Describe the eleven systems. (4)
D. List and describe the two major step of protein synthesis. (3)
E. How is Mitosis different from Meiosis (3)
Extra credit: 3 points
F. In the body, give an example of how structure defines function?