Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
Course: NUTR/HHPN 446
Prof: David L. Gee, PhD
Date: April 16, 2007
True (A) and False (B) questions
1. During the 100 meter dash, more than 70% of energy
is derived from aerobic metabolism.
2. Studies strongly suggest that the amount of carbohydrates in
the diet does not alter the levels of glycogen found in the
muscle.
3. "Hitting the wall" or "bonking" refers to :
a. sprinters as their muscles are in lactic acidosis
b. a popular sport in bars and taverns
c. development of ketosis in endurance athletes
d. depletion of muscle glycogen in endurance athletes
e. amino acid depletion during heavy weight training
4. The most important factor determining which energy system
will be used is the intensity of the exercise.
5. The major source of energy during a 400meter run completed
in one minute is:
a. ketone bodies
b. branch chain amino acids
c. blood glucose
d. creatine phosphate
e. muscle glycogen
6. Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of fatigue during exercise.
a. depletion of muscle glycogen
b. decreased acidity in muscle cells
c. increased serotonin levels
d. decrease in blood sugar levels
e. all of the above have been shown to cause fatigue during exercise.
7. Which of the following has not been associated with
causing fatigue due to high intensity exercise.
a. depletion of muscle protein stores
b. alteration in calcium binding in muscle cells
c. decreased binding of actin and myosin
d. decreased activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of
glycolysis
8. ATP and Creatine phosphate present in resting muscle are
the primary source of energy in track events lasting about
one minute.
9. Which energy system would predominate in an all-out, high intensity
400 metere dash in track?
a. ATP-PC
b. lactic acid system
c. oxygen-carbohydrate system
d. oxygen-fat system
e. oxygen-protein system
- 2Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
10. Which ergogenic aid has been linked with increasing the
mobilization of fat from fat cells resulting in higher levels
of free fatty acids in the blood?
a. carnitine
b. creatine
c. caffeine
d. bicarbonate
e. branch chain amino acids
11. In their recent consensus paper, the American College of Sports
Medicine concluded that oral supplementation of creatine had
NO effect on muscular activity in high intensity, repetitive
exercise tests.
12. The total amount of energy derived DIRECTLY from total
body creatine phosphate is estimated to be____Calories
a. 4
b. 40
c. 400
d. 4000
13. Daily training runs of 10 miles will not result in a decline
in initial muscle glycogen concentrations the next day if
one consumes a diet containing 45-50% of calories from
carbohydrate, 20% protein, and 30-35% fat.
14. Depletion of muscle glycogen concentration is associated with
higher ratings of perceived exertion.
15. Substantial utilization of muscle glycogen with potential of
causing glycogen depletion has been demonstrated in stop and
go events like soccer.
16. Successive days of hard training has little effect on preexercise muscle glycogen levels if the athlete consumes a
diet containing a minimum of 40% of calories as CHO.
17. The oxygen system:
a. produces ATP in large quantities from carbohydrates and fat.
b. involves aerobic processing of carbohydrate to some extent
with major utilization of protein
c. is used primarily in sorts that demand intense exercise
d. depends upon reactions that occur only in the cytoplasm
of the muscle cell
18. For events lasting up to 5 seconds, the most important
source of energy for muscle contraction is:
a. blood glucose
b. fructose
c. fatty acids
d. creatine phosphate
e. amino acids
19. As the intensity of exercise increases, the percentage of energy
derived from fat decreases.
- 3Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
20. During high intensity exercise, _______ serves as the
primary terminal electron acceptor during the anaerobic
oxidation of glucose.
a. oxygen
b. pyruvate
c. creatine phosphate
d. carbon dioxide
e. amino acids
21. Bicarbonate loading would be most useful for events lasting:
a. less than 1 second
b. between 2-10 seconds
c. between 10-15 seconds
d. between 1-7 minutes
e. longer than 1 hour
22. Which of the following energy sources found in the human body
represents the greatest storage of potential energy in the
form of total calories?
a. blood glucose
b. ATP
c. muscle glycogen
d. adipose tissue triglyceride
e. muscle protein
23. Which of the energy sources produces ATP at the SLOWEST rate?
a. muscle glycogen
b. liver glycogen
c. creatine phosphate
d. blood glucose
e. adipose triglycerides
24. Initial muscle glycogen levels in athletes participating in daily
intensive physical training (about one hour per day of continuous
exercise) while consuming a diet containing 30% carbohydrates
by calories will__________.
a. increase slightly every day.
b. decrease gradually as the week progresses
c. will remain essentially unchanged.
25. The total amount of energy derived DIRECTLY from total body
glycogen is estimated to be approximately ____ Calories.
a. 2
b. 20
c. 200
d. 2000
26. Generally speaking, increased muscle glycogen concentration is associated
with a reduction in endurance performance.
27. In one study described in class, soccer players with initially
higher levels of muscle glycogen spent more time walking and
less time running than players with lower initial levels of
muscle glycogen.
- 4-
Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
28. The high energy compound directly utilized by muscles to
drive muscle contraction is:
a. creatine phosphate
b. creatinine
c. adenosine triphosphate
d. glucose
e. acetoacetate
29. In the "Central Fatigue Hypothesis", the reduction in plasma
branch chain amino acids is thought to result in an increase
in which hormone?
a. insulin
b. glucagon
c. valine
d. adrenaline
e. serotonin
30. The enzyme directly involved in the transfer of energy
from creatine phosphate to form ATP is called:
a. hormone sensitive lipase
b. lactate dehydrogenase
c. creatine kinase
d. creatinine
e. cytochrome oxidase
31. Liver glycogen plays no role in exercise energy
metabolism during endurance events.
32. During low intensity exercise, ________ serves as the
primary terminal electron acceptor during the aerobic
oxidation of fatty acids.
a. oxygen
b. pyruvate
c. creatine phosphate
d. carbon dioxide
e. amino acids
33. Bicarbonate loading may be ergogenic because of it ability to
neutralize lactic acid.
34. Oral supplementation of creatinine has been shown to effectively
increase muscle cellular levels of creatine phosphate.
35. Which of the following energy sources produces ATP at the
GREATEST rate?
a. muscle glycogen
b. liver glycogen
c. creatine phosphate
d. blood glucose
e. adipose triglycerides
- 5Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
36. Caffeine is thought to be an ergogenic aid for endurance athlete
because of the effect it has on increasing the activity of:
a. creatine kinase
b. neutral amino acid transport proteins
c. anaerobic glycolysis
d. electron transport system
e. adipose hormone sensitive lipase
37. An increase in the blood concentration of the following may
be an indicator of muscle damage.
a. lactic acid
b. triglycerides
c. free fatty acids
d. creatine kinase
e. glucose
38. The metabolic pathway known as ______ is involved in the
lactic acid system.
a. Kreb's Cycle
b. Electron Transport System
c. Glycolysis
d. beta-oxidation of fatty acids
39. The enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides in
fat cells producing fatty acids is called:
a. amylase
b. creatine kinase
c. carnitine transferase
d. hormone sensitive lipase
e. insulin
40. Lactic acid produced during exercise results from the
oxidation of:
a. lactose
b. glucose
c. fatty acids
d. ketone bodies
e. amino acids
41. Oral supplementation with creatine kinase has been shown
to be effective in increasing exercise performance in high
intensity, repetitive exercises.
42. During high-intensity, fatiguing exercise in which
anaerobic reactions predominate, ___________ is used
as the primary source of energy.
a. ketone bodies
b. muscle glycogen
c. blood glucose
d. fatty acids
e. amino acids
43. During high intensity exercise like weight lifting, protein
oxidation for energy production contributes about 40% of energy
needs.
- 6Name: ______________________________
Title: Energy Metabolism Quiz
44. Generally speaking, metabolic pathways that generate
energy are _______ pathways.
a. oxidative
b. reduction
c. anabolic
45. In an experimental study to evaluate the effect of creatine
supplementation on muscular power for sport, which of the following
would NOT be considered acceptable for the research methodology
to be followed in the conduct of the study?
a. use well-trained power sport athletes
b. use a double blind protocol
c. use a placebo control group
d. use a sport-related performance task
e. use males in one group and females in the other
46. Increasing exercise intensity results in a decrease in the
rate of glycogen utilization.
47. Typical intake of dietary creatine is about:
a. 1 gram per day
b. 10 grams per day
c. 100 grams per day
d. 1 milligram per day
e. 10 milligrams per day
48. The total amount of energy derived DIRECTLY from total
body ATP is estimated to be:
a. 1 Calorie
b. 10 Calories
c. 100 Calories
d. 1000 Calories
49. After three exhaustive one minute runs, blood lactic acid
concentrations remain substantially elevated (about five to six
times higher than resting) 30 minutes after completing the
last run.