GEOG 1111: Physical Geography
Summer 2009
I.
Identify:
1. undernourishment
2. malnourishment
3. chronic hunger
4. marasmus
5. El Nino famine belt
6. manioc
7. sorghum
8. forage
9. rangeland
10. pasture
11. aquiculture
12. mariculture
13. agroecosystem
14. limiting factors
15. resource-base agriculture
16. demand-based agriculture
17. organic agriculture
18. grain amaranth
19. genetically modified food
20. terminator gene
21. silviculture
22. symbiotic relationship
23. xylem
24. heartwood
25. sapwood
26. phloem
27. stand
28. old-growth forest
29. site quality
30. gypsy moth
31. park
32. nature preserve
33. wilderness
34. groundwater
35. water conservation
36. sustainable water use
37. water pollution
38. cholera
39. fecal coliform bacteria
40. eutrophication
Exam 3 Study Guide
41. acid mine drainage
42. wastewater treatment plant
43. the tragedy of the commons
44. externalities
45. US Toxic Substances Control Act
46. megacity
47. greenbelt
48. animal pests
49. industrial ecology
50. night soil
51. composting
52. leachate
53. deep well disposal
II.
Short Answer:
2. Which areas of the Earth have been used in agricultural production for the longest amount of
time? Why has agriculture been possible in these places for so long?
3. What are some of the current pressures on agricultural lands?
4. What is the best way to prevent famine?
5. What are some ways in which Americans become malnourished?
6. What are the world’s 6 most important food crops?
7. Name 6 ways that agroecosystems differ from natural ecosystems.
8. How much water is required to raise chickens and cattle?
9. In detail, explain how an organic farm differs from a demand-based agricultural farm.
10. What was the Green Revolution?
11. What are the 3 practices used by genetically engineering in agriculture?
12. What are the public service functions of forestland?
13. Name and describe 4 of the major forestry issues we discussed in class.
14. What is the purpose of heartwood and sapwood?
15. How can branch nodes be used to age a tree?
16. Explain the relationship between trees and soil fungi.
17 Why would each species of tree have its own tree niche?
18. Name and describe the 4 tree groups that forests can be divided into.
19. What are the 4 approaches to forest management we discussed in class?
20. What are the 4 ways in which vegetation affects the atmosphere?
21. What type (biome) of forest does the Earth have the most of?
22. Give an example of how deforestation in one country can impact another country.
23. Name 4 causes of deforestation.
24. How is the Theory of Island Biogeography used to design and plan parks and nature
preserves?
25. Describe 4 of the ‘roles’ of water.
26. What are 2 ways in which water could be conserved in agriculture?
27. What are 4 ways in which water could be conserved in domestic situations?
28. What are 2 ways in which water could be conserved in industry and manufacturing?
29. What are some ways water managers can conserve water?
30. Name 5 water pollutants.
31. Name one agricultural, industrial, military, urban, and rural source of water pollution.
32. What are the general criteria of sustainable water use?
33. Describe the largest outbreak of waterborne disease in US history.
34. Describe the 3 treatments used in wastewater treatment.
35. What are the major steps in the waste renovation and conservation cycle?
36. What are some examples of the environment as a commons?
37. Describe a city ecosystem.
38. Describe how the location for a city is chosen.
39. How does a city behave as an independent ecosystem?
40. What kind of stress is placed on urban vegetation?
41. Describe the 4 categories of city wildlife.
42. Describe some early concepts of waste disposal.
43. What are the goals of materials management?
44. How does pollution enter the environment through sanitary landfills?
45. Describe some of the options of managing hazardous chemical waste.
46. What are some of the impacts of ocean dumping on ocean life?