Sec 3 England and France Develop
1066: The Battle of Hastings
1154 Henry II becomes ruler of England
1204 Philip II of France regains Normandy from the
English
Timeline
1. How did this event affect the course of English
History?
*Anglo-Saxon English lords lost land; William granted fiefs to Norman lords, who swore loyalty to him personally, thus laying foundation for centralized government.
2. How did Henry II strengthen England’s legal system?
*sent royal judges to parts of England to collect taxes, settle lawsuits, and punish crimes, introduced use of the jury in English courts; laid foundation for English common law
3. How did Philip strengthen the central government in
France?
*increased land under his control; increased power over vassals; established royal officials called bailiffs who presided over his courts and collected taxes
1215 The Magna Carta is signed by King John of
England
1226 Louis IX becomes king of France
1295 Model Parliament meets during reign of Edward
I of England
4. Why is this document so important?
Guaranteed basic civil rights; no taxation without representation, a jury trial, and protection under the law
5. How did Louis strengthen the monarchy while weakening feudal ties?
*created an appeals court, which could overturn decisions of local courts
6. How was this meeting a major step toward democratic government?
*legislative group composed of commoners-burgesses from every borough and knights from every county.
Evolved into a check on royal power.