1 TABLE 1. Reference List Abad JP, Carmena M, Baars S, Saunders RD, Glover DM, Ludena P, Sentis C, Tyler-Smith C, Villasante A (1992). Dodeca satellite: a conserved G+C-rich satellite from the centromeric heterochromatin of Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89: 4663-4667. Abad JP, de Pablos B, Agudo M, Molina I, Giovinazzo G, Martin-Gallardo A, Villasante A. (2004). Genomic and cytological analysis of the Y chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster: telomere-derived sequences at internal regions. Chromosoma 113: 295-304. Abad JP, Villasante A (2000). Searching for a common centromeric structural motif: Drosophila centromeric satellite DNAs show propensity to form telomeric-like unusual DNA structures. Genetica 109: 71-75. Agudo M, Losada A, Abad JP, Pimpinelli S, Ripoll P, Villasante A (1999). Centromeres from telomeres? The centromeric region of the Y chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster contains a tandem array of telomeric HeT-A- and TART-related sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 27: 3318-3324. Arnold ML (1986). The heterochromatin of grasshoppers from the Caledia captiva species complex. Chromosoma 94: 183-188. Arnold ML, Appels R, Shaw DD (1986). The heterochromatin of grasshoppers from the Caledia captiva species complex. I. Sequence evolution and conservation in a highly repeated DNA family. Mol Biol Evol 3: 29-43. Arnold ML, Shaw DD (1985). The heterochromatin of grasshoppers from the Caledia captiva species complex. II. Cytological organisation of tandemly repeated DNA sequences. Chromosoma 93: 183-190. Bachmann L (1996). Evolutionary changes of the structure of mobile genetic elements in Drosophila. In: Tomiuk J, Wöhrmann K, Sentker A (eds) Transgenic organisms—biological and social implications, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland, pp. 37–44. Bachmann L, Muller E, Cariou ML, Sperlich D (1992). Cloning and characterization of KM190, a specific satellite DNA family of Drosophila kitumensis and D. microlabis. Gene 120: 267269. Bachmann L, Raab M, Sperlich D (1989). Satellite DNA and speciation: a species specific satellite DNA of Drosophila guanche. Z Zool Syst Evol Forsch 27: 84-93. 2 Bachmann L, Raab M, Sperlich D (1990). Evolution of a telomere associated satellite DNA sequence in the genome of Drosophila tristis and related species. Genetica 83: 9-16. Bachmann L, Sperlich D (1993). Gradual evolution of a specific satellite DNA family in Drosophila ambigua, D. tristis, and D. obscura. Mol Biol Evol 10: 647-659. Bachmann L, Venanzetti F, Sbordoni V (1994). Characterization of a species-specific satellite DNA family of Dolichopoda schiavazzii (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) cave crickets. J Mol Evol 39: 274-281. Bachmann L, Venanzetti F, Sbordoni V (1996). Tandemly repeated satellite DNA of Dolichopoda schiavazzii: a test for models on the evolution of highly repetitive DNA. J Mol Evol 43: 135144. Barceló F, Gutierrez F, Barjau I, Portugal J (1998). A theoretical perusal of the satellite DNA curvature in tenebrionid beetles. J Biomol Struct Dyn 16: 41-50. Barceló F, Pons J, Petitpierre E, Barjau I, Portugal J (1997). Polymorphic curvature of satellite DNA in three subspecies of the beetle Pimelia sparsa. Eur J Biochem 244: 318-324. Berloco M, Fanti L, Sheen F, Levis RW, Pimpinelli S (2005). Heterochromatic distribution of HeTA- and TART-like sequences in several Drosophila species. Cytogenet Genome Res 110: 124-133. Beye M, Moritz RF (1994). A centromere-specific probe for fluorescence in-situ hybridization on chromosomes of Apis mellifera L. Apidologie 25: 322-326. Beye M, Moritz RF (1995). Characterization of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) chromosomes using repetitive DNA probes and fluorescence in situ hybridization. J Hered 86:145-150. Biessmann H, Zurovcova M, Yao JG, Lozovskaya E, Walter MF (2000). A telomeric satellite in Drosophila virilis and its sibling species. Chromosoma 109: 372-380. Bigot Y, Hamelin MH, Periquet G (1990). Heterochromatin condensation and evolution of unique satellite-DNA families in two parasitic wasp species: Diadromus pulchellus and Eupelmus vuilleti (Hymenoptera). Mol Biol Evol 7: 351-364. Bigot Y, Hamelin MH, Periquet G (1991). Molecular analysis of the genomic organization of the Hymenoptera Diadromus pulchellus and Eupelmus vuilleti. J Evol Biol 4: 541-556. Bizzaro D, Manicardi GC, Bianchi U (1996). Chromosomal localization of a highly repeated EcoRI DNA fragment in Megoura viciae (Homoptera, Aphididae) by nick translation and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Chromosome Res 4: 392-396. 3 Blanchetot A (1991). Genetic variability of a satellite sequence in the dipteran Musca domestica. EXS 58: 106-112. Bonaccorsi S, Lohe A (1991). Fine mapping of satellite DNA sequences along the Y chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster: relationships between satellite sequences and fertility factors. Genetics 129: 177-189. Bruvo B, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (1995). Uniform distribution of satellite DNA variants on the chromosomes of tenebrionid species Alphitobius diaperinus and Tenebrio molitor. Hereditas 123: 69-75. Bruvo B, Pons J, Ugarkovic D, Juan C, Petitpierre E, Plohl M (2003). Evolution of low-copy number and major satellite DNA sequences coexisting in two Pimelia species-groups (Coleoptera). Gene 312: 85-94. Bruvo-Madaric B, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (2007). Wide distribution of related satellite DNA families within the genus Pimelia (Tenebrionidae). Genetica 130: 35-42. Burgtoft C, Bunemann H (1993). A telomere-like satellite (GGGTCAT)n comprises 4% of genomic DNA of Drosophila hydei and is located mainly in centromeric heterochromatin of all large acrocentric autosomes. Gene 137: 287-291. Cabot EL, Doshi P, Wu ML, Wu CI (1993). Population genetics of tandem repeats in centromeric heterochromatin: unequal crossing over and chromosomal divergence at the Responder locus of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 135: 477-487. Cabrero J, Bakkali M, Bugrov A, Warchalowska-Sliwa E, López-León MD, Perfectti F, Camacho JP (2003a). Multiregional origin of B chromosomes in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Chromosoma 112: 207-211. Cabrero J, Bugrov A, Warchalowska-Sliwa E, López-León MD, Perfectti F, Camacho JP (2003b). Comparative FISH analysis in five species of Eyprepocnemidine grasshoppers. Heredity 90: 377-381. Cabrero J, Perfectti F, Gomez R, Camacho JP, López-León MD (2003c). Population variation in the A chromosome distribution of satellite DNA and ribosomal DNA in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Chromosome Res 11: 375-381. Carmena M, Abad JP, Villasante A, González C (1993). The Drosophila melanogaster dodecasatellite sequence is closely linked to the centromere and can form connections between sister chromatids during mitosis. J Cell Sci 105 (Pt 1): 41-50. 4 Cesari M, Luchetti A, Passamonti M, Scali V, Mantovani B (2003). Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the Bag320 satellite family reveals the ancestral library and past gene conversion events in Bacillus rossius (Insecta Phasmatodea). Gene 312: 289-95. Davis CA, Wyatt GR (1989). Distribution and sequence homogeneity of an abundant satellite DNA in the beetle, Tenebrio molitor. Nucleic Acids Res 17: 5579-5586. De Franco FF, Kuhn GC, de Sene FM, Manfrin MH (2006). Conservation of pBuM-2 satellite DNA sequences among geographically isolated Drosophila gouveai populations from Brazil. Genetica 128: 287-295. Doshi P, Kaushal S, Benyajati C, Wu CI (1991). Molecular analysis of the responder satellite DNA in Drosophila melanogaster: DNA bending, nucleosome structure, and Rsp-binding proteins. Mol Biol Evol 8: 721-741. Durajlija-Zinic S, Ugarkovic D, Cornudella L, Plohl M (2000). A novel interspersed type of organization of satellite DNAs in Tribolium madens heterochromatin. Chromosome Res 8: 201-212. Eickbush DG, Eickbush TH, Werren JH (1992). Molecular characterization of repetitive DNA sequences from a B chromosome. Chromosoma 101: 575-583. Endow SA, Polan ML, Gall JG (1975). Satellite DNA sequences of Drosophila melanogaster. J Mol Biol 96: 665-692. Ferrer N, Azorín F, Villasante A, Gutierrez C, Abad JP (1995). Centromeric dodeca-satellite DNA sequences form fold-back structures. J Mol Biol 245: 8-21. Gall JG, Atherton DD (1974). Satellite DNA sequences in Drosophila virilis. J Mol Biol 85: 633664. Galian J, Vogler AP (2003). Evolutionary dynamics of a satellite DNA in the tiger beetle species pair Cicindela campestris and C. maroccana. Genome 46: 213-223. Gutknecht J, Sperlich D, Bachmann L (1995). A species specific satellite DNA family of Drosophila subsilvestris appearing predominantly in B chromosomes. Chromosoma 103: 539-544. Hankeln T, Fillippova MA, Kiknadze II, Aimanova KG, Schmidt ER (1994). Centromeric heterochromatin and satellite DNA in the Chironomus plumosus species group. Genome 37: 925-934. He H, Liao C, Edström JE (1998). Centromere 3 specific tandem repeat from Chironomus 5 pallidivittatus. Chromosoma 107: 304-310. Heikkinen E, Launonen V, Muller E, Bachmann L (1995). The pvB370 BamHI satellite DNA family of the Drosophila virilis group and its evolutionary relation to mobile dispersed genetic pDv elements. J Mol Evol 41: 604-614. Hershfield B, Swift H (1990). Characterization of a tandemly repeated DNA from the fleshfly Sarcophaga bullata. Chromosoma 99: 125-130. Hsieh T, Brutlag D (1979). Sequence and sequence variation within the 1.688 g/cm3 satellite DNA of Drosophila melanogaster. J Mol Biol 135: 465-481. Juan C, Pons J, Petitpierre E (1993b). Localization of tandemly repeated DNA sequences in beetle chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Chromosome Res 1: 167-174. Juan C, Vázquez P, Rubio JM, Petitpierre E, Hewitt GM (1993a). Presence of highly repetitive DNA sequences in Tribolium flour-beetles. Heredity 70: 1-8. Kamnert I, Nielsen L, Edstrom JE (1998). A concertedly evolving region in Chironomus, unique within the telomere. J Mol Evol 46: 562-570. King LM, Cummings MP (1997). Satellite DNA repeat sequence variation is low in three species of burying beetles in the genus Nicrophorus (Coleoptera: Silphidae). Mol Biol Evol 14: 1088-1095 Krzywinski J, Sangare D, Besansky NJ (2005). Satellite DNA from the Y chromosome of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Genetics 169: 185-196. Kuhn GC, Bollgönn S, Sperlich D, Bachmann L (1999). Characterization of a species-specific satellite DNA of Drosophila buzzatii. J Zool Syst Evol Res 37: 109-112. Kuhn GC, Franco FF, Silva Jr WA, Martinez-Rossi NM, Sene FM (2003). On the pBuM189 satellite DNA variability among South American populations of Drosophila buzzatii. Hereditas 139: 161-166. Kuhn GC, Sene FM (2004). Characterisation and interpopulation variability of a complex HpaI satellite DNA of Drosophila seriema (repleta group). Genetica 121: 241-249. Kuhn GC, Sene FM (2005). Evolutionary turnover of two pBuM satellite DNA subfamilies in the Drosophila buzzatii species cluster (repleta group): from alpha to alpha/beta arrays. Gene 349: 77-85. Landais I, Chavigny P, Castagnone C, Pizzol J, Abad P, Vanlerberghe-Masutti F (2000). Characterization of a highly conserved satellite DNA from the parasitoid wasp 6 Trichogramma brassicae. Gene 255: 65-73. Liao C, Rovira C, Edstrom JE (1994). Constant and variable parts of the 155-bp centromeric repeat in Camptochironomus. J Mol Evol 39: 112-114. Liao C, Rovira C, He H, Edstrom JE (1998). Site-specific insertion of a SINE-like element, Cp1, into centromeric tandem repeats from Chironomus pallidivittatus. J Mol Biol 280: 811-821. Lohe AR, Brutlag DL (1986). Multiplicity of satellite DNA sequences in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 696-700. López CC, Edstrom JE (1998). Interspersed centromeric element with a CENP-B box-like motif in Chironomus pallidivittatus. Nucleic Acids Res 26: 4168-4172. López CC, Nielsen L, Edstrom JE (1996). Terminal long tandem repeats in chromosomes form Chironomus pallidivittatus. Mol Cell Biol 16: 3285-3290. López-León MD, Vazquez P, Hewitt GM, Camacho JP (1995). Cloning and sequence analysis of an extremely homogeneous tandemly repeated DNA in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Heredity 75: 370-375. Lorite P, Carrillo JA, Aguilar JA, Palomeque T (2004b). Isolation and characterization of two families of satellite DNA with repetitive units of 135 bp and 2.5 kb in the ant Monomorium subopacum (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 105: 83-92. Lorite P, Carrillo JA, Garneria I, Petitpierre E, Palomeque T (2002a). Satellite DNA in the elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae): characterization, interpopulation analysis, and chromosome location. Cytogenet Genome Res 98: 302-307. Lorite P, Carrillo JA, Tinaut A, Palomeque T (2002b). Comparative study of satellite DNA in ants of the Messor genus. Gene 297: 113-122. Lorite P, Carrillo JA, Tinaut A, Palomeque T (2004a). Evolutionary dynamics of satellite DNA in species of the Genus Formica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Gene 332: 159-168. Lorite P, García MF, Palomeque T (1999). Satellite DNA in the ant Messor structor (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Genome 42: 881-886. Lorite P, Palomeque T, Garnería I, Petitpierre E (2001). Characterization and chromosome location of satellite DNA in the leaf beetle Chrysolina americana (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Genetica 110: 143-150. Lorite P, Renault S, Rouleux-Bonnin F, Bigot S, Periquet G, Palomeque T (2002c). Genomic organization and transcription of satellite DNA in the ant Aphaenogaster subterranea 7 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Genome 45: 609-616. Losada A, Villasante A (1996). Autosomal location of a new subtype of 1.688 satellite DNA of Drosophila melanogaster. Chromosome Res 4: 372-383. Lu YJ, Kochert GD, Isenhour DJ, Adang MJ (1994). Molecular characterization of a strain-specific repeated DNA sequence in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Insect Mol Biol 3: 123-130. Luchetti A, Cesari M, Carrara G, Cavicchi S, Passamonti M, Scali V, Mantovani B (2003). Unisexuality and molecular drive: Bag320 sequence diversity in Bacillus taxa (insecta phasmatodea). J Mol Evol 56: 587-596. Luchetti A, Marini M, Mantovani B (2006). Non-concerted evolution of the RET76 satellite DNA family in Reticulitermes taxa (Insecta, Isoptera). Genetica 128: 123-132. Madalena CR, Gorab E (2005). A chromosome end satellite of Rhynchosciara americana (Diptera: Sciaridae) resembling nematoceran telomeric repeats. Insect Mol Biol 14: 255262. Mahendran B, Acharya C, Dash R, Ghosh SK, Kundu SC (2006). Repetitive DNA in tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta. Gene 29: 51-57. Mandrioli M, Bizzaro D, Manicardi GC, Gionghi D, Bassoli L, Bianchi U (1999). Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of a highly repeated DNA sequence in the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae. Chromosoma 108: 436-442. Mandrioli M, Manicardi GC, Marec F (2003). Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of the MBSAT1 satellite DNA in holokinetic chromosomes of the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera). Chromosome Res 11: 51-56. Mantovani B (1998). Satellite sequence turnover in parthenogenetic systems: the apomictic triploid hybrid Bacillus lynceorum (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Mol Biol Evol 15: 1288-1297. Mantovani B, Batistoni R, Nardi I, Scali V (1993). A centromeric satellite DNA of the unisexual Bacillus atticus (Insecta: Phasmatodea). Insect Mol Biol 2: 141-147. Mantovani B, Tinti F, Bachmann L, Scali V (1997). The Bag320 satellite DNA family in Bacillus stick insects (Phasmatodea): different rates of molecular evolution of highly repetitive DNA in bisexual and parthenogenic taxa. Mol Biol Evol 14: 1197-1205. Mestrovic N, Mravinac B, Juan C, Ugarkovic D, Plohl M (2000). Comparative study of satellite sequences and phylogeny of five species from the genus Palorus (Insecta, Coleoptera). 8 Genome 43: 776-785. Mestrovic N, Plohl M, Mravinac B, Ugarkovic D (1998). Evolution of satellite DNAs from the genus Palorus--experimental evidence for the "library" hypothesis. Mol Biol Evol 15: 1062-1068. Miller WJ, Nagel A, Bachmann J, Bachmann L (2000). Evolutionary dynamics of the SGM transposon family in the Drosophila obscura species group. Mol Biol Evol 17: 1597-1609. Mravinac B, Plohl M (2007). Satellite DNA junctions identify the potential origin of new repetitive elements in the beetle Tribolium madens. Gene 394: 45-52. Mravinac B, Plohl M, Mestrovic N, Ugarkovic D (2002). Sequence of PRAT satellite DNA "frozen" in some Coleopteran species. J Mol Evol 54: 774-783. Mravinac B, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (2004). Conserved patterns in the evolution of Tribolium satellite DNAs. Gene 332: 169-177. Mravinac B, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (2005b). Preservation and high sequence conservation of satellite DNAs suggest functional constraints. J Mol Evol 61: 542-550. Mravinac B, Ugarkovic E, Franjevic D, Plohl M (2005a). Long inversely oriented subunits form a complex monomer of Tribolium brevicornis satellite DNA. J Mol Evol 60: 513-525. Nagoshi RN, Meagher R (2003). Fall armyworm FR sequences map to sex chromosomes and their distribution in the wild indicate limitations in interstrain mating. Insect Mol Biol 12: 453458. Nazimiec M, Beckingham K (1989). Sequence of the Calliphora erythrocephala 3B55 satellite: a sequence which is proportionately replicated and transcribed in germ-line polyploid nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res 17: 9486. Nielsen L, Edstrom JE (1993). Complex telomere-associated repeat units in members of the genus Chironomus evolve from sequences similar to simple telomeric repeats. Mol Cell Biol 13: 1583-1589. Nielsen L, Schmidt ER, Edstrom JE (1990). Subrepeats result from regional DNA sequence conservation in tandem repeats in Chironomus telomeres. J Mol Biol 216: 577-584. Palomeque T, Carrillo JA, Muñoz-López M, Lorite P (2006). Detection of a mariner-like element and a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) associated with the heterochromatin from ants of the genus Messor and their possible involvement for satellite DNA evolution. Gene 371: 194-205. Palomeque T, Muñoz-López M, Carrillo JA, Lorite P (2005). Characterization and evolutionary 9 dynamics of a complex family of satellite DNA in the leaf beetle Chrysolina carnifex (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Chromosome Res 13: 795-807. Perkins HD, Bedo DG, Howells AJ (1992). Characterization and chromosomal distribution of a tandemly repeated DNA sequence from the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina. Chromosoma 101: 358-364. Petitpierre E, Gatewood JM, Schmid CW (1988). Satellite DNA from the beetle Tenebrio molitor. Experientia 44: 498-499. Plohl M, Borstnik B, Ugarkovic D, Gamulin V (1990). Sequence-induced curvature of Tenebrio molitor satellite DNA. Biochimie 72: 665-670. Plohl M, Borstnik B, Lucijanic-Justic V, Ugarkovic D (1992). Evidence for random distribution of sequence variants in Tenebrio molitor satellite DNA. Genet Res 60: 7-13. Plohl M, Lucijanic-Justic V, Ugarkovic D, Petitpierre E, Juan C (1993). Satellite DNA and heterochromatin of the flour beetle Tribolium confusum. Genome 36: 467-475. Plohl M, Mestrovic N, Bruvo B, Ugarkovic D (1998). Similarity of structural features and evolution of satellite DNAs from Palorus subdepressus (Coleoptera) and related species. J Mol Evol 46: 234-239. Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (1994a). Analysis of divergence of Alphitobius diaperinus satellite DNA roles of recombination, replication slippage and gene conversion. Mol Gen Genet 242: 297-304. Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (1994b). Characterization of two abundant satellite DNAs from the mealworm Tenebrio obscurus. J Mol Evol 39: 489-495. Pons J (2004). Cloning and characterization of a transposable-like repeat in the heterochromatin of the darkling beetle Misolampus goudoti. Genome 47: 769-774. Pons J, Bruvo B, Juan C, Petitpierre E, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D (1997). Conservation of satellite DNA in species of the genus Pimelia (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera). Gene 205: 183-190. Pons J, Bruvo B, Petitpierre E, Plohl M, Ugarkovic D, Juan C (2004). Complex structural features of satellite DNA sequences in the genus Pimelia (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): random differential amplification from a common 'satellite DNA library'. Heredity 92: 418-427. Pons J, Bucur R, Vogler AP (2003). Higher-order repeats in the satellite DNA of the cave beetle Pholeuon proserpinae glaciale (Coleoptera: Cholevidae). Hereditas 139: 28-34. Pons J, Juan C, Petitpierre E (2002b). Higher-order organization and compartmentalization of 10 satellite DNA PIM357 in species of the Coleopteran genus Pimelia. Chromosome Res 10: 597-606. Pons J, Petitpierre E, Juan C (1993). Characterization of the heterochromatin of the darkling beetle Misolampus goudoti: cloning of two satellite DNA families and digestion of chromosomes with restriction enzymes. Hereditas 119: 179-185. Pons J, Petitpierre E, Juan C (2002a). Evolutionary dynamics of satellite DNA family PIM357 in species of the genus Pimelia (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera). Mol Biol Evol 19: 1329-1340. Rafferty JA, Fletcher HL, (1992). Sequence analysis of a family of highly repeated DNA units in Stauroderus scalaris (Orthoptera). Int J Genome Res 1: 1-16. Reed KM, Beukeboom LW, Eickbush DG, Werren JH (1994). Junctions between repetitive DNAs on the PSR chromosome of Nasonia vitripennis: association of palindromes with recombination. J Mol Evol 38: 352-362. Renault S, Rouleux-Bonnin F, Periquet G, Bigot Y (1999). Satellite DNA transcription in Diadromus pulchellus (Hymenoptera). Insect Biochem Mol Biol 29: 103-111. Rodríguez-Iñigo E, Fernández-Calvin B, Capel J, García de la Vega C (1996). Equilocality and heterogeneity of constitutive heterochromatin: in situ localization of two families of highly repetitive DNA in Dociostaurus genei (Orthoptera). Heredity 76: 70-76. Rojas AA, Vázquez-Tello A, Ferbeyre G, Venanzetti F, Bachmann L, Paquin B, Sbordoni V, Cedergren R (2000). Hammerhead-mediated processing of satellite pDo500 family transcripts from Dolichopoda cave crickets. Nucleic Acids Res 28: 4037-4043. Rojas-Rousse D, Bigot Y, Periquet G (1993). DNA insertions as a component of the evolution of unique satellite DNA families in two genera of parasitoid wasps: Diadromus and Eupelmus (Hymenoptera). Mol Biol Evol 10: 383-396. Rosén M, Castillejo-López C, Edström JE (2002). Telomere terminating with centromere-specific repeats is closely associated with a transposon derived gene in Chironomus pallidivittatus. Chromosoma 110: 532-541. Rosén M, Edström J (2000). DNA structures common for chironomid telomeres terminating with complex repeats. Insect Mol Biol 9: 341-347. Ross R, Hankeln T, Schmidt ER (1997). Complex evolution of tandem-repetitive DNA in the Chironomus thummi species group. J Mol Evol 44: 321-326. Rouleux-Bonnin F, Bigot S, Bigot Y (2004). Structural and transcriptional features of Bombus 11 terrestris satellite DNA and their potential involvement in the differentiation process. Genome 47: 877-888. Rouleux-Bonnin F, Renault S, Bigot Y, Periquet G (1996). Transcription of four satellite DNA subfamilies in Diprion pini (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Diprionidae). Eur J Biochem 238: 752-759. Rovira C, Beermann W, Edstrom JE (1993). A repetitive DNA sequence associated with the centromeres of Chironomus pallidivittatus. Nucleic Acids Res 21: 1775-1781. Saiga H, Edström JE (1985). Long tandem arrays of complex repeat units in Chironomus telomeres. EMBO J 4: 799-804. Scali V, Passamonti M, Marescalchi O, Mantovani B (2003). Linkage between sexual and asexual lineages: genome evolution in Bacillus stick insects. Biol J Linn Soc 79: 137–150. Scali V, Tinti F (1999). Satellite DNA variation in parental and derived unisexual hybrids of Bacillus stick insects (Phasmatodea). Insect Mol Biol 8: 557-564. Schmidt ER (1980). Two AT-rich satellite DNAs in the chironomid Glyptotendipes barbipes (Staeger): isolation and localization in polytene chromosomes of G. barbipes and Chironomus thummi. Chromosoma 79: 315-328 Schaefer J, Schmidt ER (1981). Different repetition frequencies of a 120 base-pair DNA-element and its arrangement in Chironomus thummi thummi and Chironomus thummi piger. Chromosoma 84: 61-66. Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Nakasuji F (1992). A family of highly repeated DNA sequences of the fern sawfly Hemitaxonus japonicus complex (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Appl Entomol Zool 27: 399-405. Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Nakasuji F (1995a). Molecular characterization of a family of tandemly repetitive DNA sequences (pYS family) in the genus Hemitaxonus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Jpn J Genet 70: 533-542. Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Nakasuji F (1995b). Repetitive DNA sequence families in Hemitaxonus minomensis and H. athyrii (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Jpn J Genet 70: 7-16. Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Nakasuji F (1995c). Characterization of a family of tandemly repetitive DNA sequences from the fern sawfly, Strongylogaster osmundae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Jpn J Genet 70: 167-177. 12 Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Nakasuji F. (1995d). A family of tandemly repetitive DNA sequences from the fern sawfly, Strongylogaster osmundae. Appl Entomol Zool 30: 581584. Sonoda S, Yamada T, Naito T, Fujisaki K, Nakasuji F (1993). Characterization of a family of tandemly repeated sequences from Loderus genucinctus insulicola (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Appl Entomol Zool 28: 238-241. Spence JM, Blackman RL, Testa JM, Ready PD (1998). A 169-base pair tandem repeat DNA marker for subtelomeric heterochromatin and chromosomal rearrangements in aphids of the Myzus persicae group. Chromosome Res 6: 167-175. Staiber W (2002). Isolation of a new germ line-specific repetitive DNA family in Acricotopus by microdissection of polytenized germ line-limited chromosome sections from a permanent larval salivary gland preparation. Cytogenet Genome Res 98: 210-215. Staiber W, Wech I, Preiss A (1997). Isolation and chromosomal localization of a germ linespecific highly repetitive DNA family in Acricotopus lucidus (Diptera, Chironomidae). Chromosoma 106: 267-275. Stratikopoulos EE, Augustinos AA, Gariou-Papalexiou A, Zacharopoulou A, Mathiopoulos KD (2002). Identification and partial characterization of a new Ceratitis capitata-specific 44-bp pericentromeric repeat. Chromosome Res 10: 287-295. Tarés S, Cornuet JM, Abad P (1993). Characterization of an unusually conserved AluI highly reiterated DNA sequence family from the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Genetics 134: 11951204. Trick M, Dover GA (1984). Unexpectedly slow homogenisation within a repetitive DNA family shared between two subspecies of tsetse fly. J Mol Evol 20: 322-329. Ugarkovic D, Durajlija S, Plohl M (1996b). Evolution of Tribolium madens (Insecta, Coleoptera) satellite DNA through DNA inversion and insertion. J Mol Evol 42: 350-358. Ugarkovic D, Plohl M, Gamulin V (1989). Sequence variability of satellite DNA from the mealworm Tenebrio molitor. Gene 83: 181-183. Ugarkovic DL, Plohl M, Lucijanic-Justic V, Borstnik B (1992). Detection of satellite DNA in Palorus ratzeburgii: analysis of curvature profiles and comparison with Tenebrio molitor satellite DNA. Biochimie 74: 1075-1082. Ugarkovic D, Plohl M, Petitpierre E, Lucijanic-Justic V, Juan C (1994). Tenebrio obscurus satellite 13 DNA is resistant to cleavage by restriction endonucleases in situ. Chromosome Res 2: 217-223. Ugarkovic D, Podnar M, Plohl M (1996a). Satellite DNA of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum - comparative study of satellites from the genus Tribolium. Mol Biol Evol 13: 1059-1066. Van Vugt JJ, de Nooijer S, Stouthamer R, de Jong H (2005). NOR activity and repeat sequences of the paternal sex ratio chromosome of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma kaykai. Chromosoma 114: 410-419. Walter MF, Jang C, Kasravi B, Donath J, Mechler BM, Mason JM, Biessmann H (1995) DNA organization and polymorphism of a wild-type Drosophila telomere region. Chromosoma 104: 229-241. Yoshimura A, Nakata A, Kuro-o M, Obara Y, Ando Y (2006b). Molecular cytogenetic characterization and chromosomal distribution of the satellite DNA in the genome of Oxya hyla intricata (Orthoptera: Catantopidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 112: 160-165. Yoshimura A, Nakata A, Mito T, Noji S (2006a). The characteristics of karyotype and telomeric satellite DNA sequences in the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera, Gryllidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 112: 329-336. Zhang YJ, Kamnert I, López CC, Cohn M, Edström JE (1994). A family of complex tandem DNA repeats in the telomeres of Chironomus pallidivittatus. Mol Cell Biol 14: 8028-8036.