Study Guide – DNA, Protein Synthesis, Biotech, Mitosis and Meiosis
DNA
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2.
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4.
What is the shape of DNA?
What are the parts of a nucleotide?
What is the complementary strand of DNA to TCGGATCAT?
What type of bond exists between the nitrogen bases?
a. Why is it important that this type of bond exist here?
5. Which 2 enzymes are involved in DNA replication? What are their “jobs”?
Protein Synthesis
1. What is the first step of protein synthesis?
a. Where does it occur?
b. What enzyme is involved?
c. What happens in this step?
d. What type of RNA is involved?
2. What is the second step of protein synthesis?
a. Where does it occur?
b. What happens in this step?
c. What type of RNA is involved?
3. DNA strand: TCGGATCAT
mRNA strand: ____________
Draw lines between the codons on the mRNA strand
Amino acid chain: __________-__________-___________
4. Chains of amino acids create ______________________
5. What makes protein synthesis end?
Biotechnology
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2.
3.
4.
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6.
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9.
What is the purpose of recombinant DNA?
What is a plasmid?
What do restriction enzymes do?
What are “sticky ends”?
What is an example of a purpose for genetically engineered bacteria?
What is an example of a purpose for genetically engineered plants?
What does gel electrophoresis do to DNA?
How does one determine from a gel who the “criminal” or “father” are?
How does cloning occur?
a. How many individuals are usually involved in the entire process of
cloning?
Mitosis and Meiosis
1. Fill out the chart comparing mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis
How many cells are
produced?
Meiosis
Identical parent and daughter
cells?
Diploid or Haploid?
Does DNA replication occur
during all interphases?
Body cells or Sex cells?
Does crossing over occur?
2. Why is crossing over important?
3. What is the purpose of mitosis in unicellular organisms?
a. Multicellular organisms?
4. What are the phases of mitosis?
5. What happens during interphase?
6. Which phase of the cell cycle is the longest?
7. How is metaphase in mitosis different from metaphase I of meiosis?