Vertebrate Evolution Test Study Guide
Classification & Comparative Anatomy
‘15
Name:
Per.
The test will consist of true/false, multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank and short answer questions.
Study the information listed on this study guide.
TEST DATE:
1.
Activity: Vertebrate Characteristics (Worksheet, PowerPoint Notes and Review)
Identify the common characteristics shared by all vertebrates (Phylum Chordata and Sub-Phylum Vertebrata)
Define and describe each of the following vertebrate classes: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals.
Discuss the following significant evolutionary advancements in vertebrates: jaws, strength of skeleton, amniotic
egg, body temperature control.
 Define endothermy and ectothermy. Describe methods for maintaining body temperature in endotherms and
ectotherms. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of each type of metabolism.
 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of internal and external fertilization.
 Compare and contrast the following structures/systems in the vertebrate classes: type of body covering, digestive
system, lungs and respiratory system, heart and circulatory system, reproductive patterns (oviparous vs.
ovoviviparous vs. viviparous), type of fertilization and body temperature regulation.
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2.
Lab: Vertebrate Dissection - Fetal Pig and/or Frog: and Dissection Structure/Function
Describe the function of the following structures in a fetal pig and in a frog: heart, arteries, veins, trachea, lungs,
diaphragm, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, spleen, cecum, rectum, kidney, ureter, urinary bladder,
testes, penis, ovary, and uterus. Be able to identify these structures on a digital image of a dissected fetal pig and frog.
 Identify and discuss indirect evidence of endothermy found in the fetal pig and of ectothermy found in the frog.
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3.
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Activity: Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
Explain how cladograms are used to hypothesize and represent evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Analyze a cladogram in order to determine evolutionary relationships and physical traits shared between groups of
organisms.
Vertebrate Evolution Test Study Guide
Classification & Comparative Anatomy
‘15
Name:
Per.
The test will consist of true/false, multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank and short answer questions.
Study the information listed on this study guide.
TEST DATE:
4.
Activity: Vertebrate Characteristics (Worksheet, PowerPoint Notes and Review)
Identify the common characteristics shared by all vertebrates (Phylum Chordata and Sub-Phylum Vertebrata)
Define and describe each of the following vertebrate classes: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals.
Discuss the following significant evolutionary advancements in vertebrates: jaws, strength of skeleton, amniotic
egg, body temperature control.
 Define endothermy and ectothermy. Describe methods for maintaining body temperature in endotherms and
ectotherms. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of each type of metabolism.
 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of internal and external fertilization.
 Compare and contrast the following structures/systems in the vertebrate classes: type of body covering, digestive
system, lungs and respiratory system, heart and circulatory system, reproductive patterns (oviparous vs.
ovoviviparous vs. viviparous), type of fertilization and body temperature regulation.



5.
Lab: Vertebrate Dissection - Fetal Pig and/or Frog: and Dissection Structure/Function
Describe the function of the following structures in a fetal pig and in a frog: heart, arteries, veins, trachea, lungs,
diaphragm, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, spleen, cecum, rectum, kidney, ureter, urinary bladder,
testes, penis, ovary, and uterus. Be able to identify these structures on a digital image of a dissected fetal pig and frog.
 Identify and discuss indirect evidence of endothermy found in the fetal pig and of ectothermy found in the frog.

6.
Activity: Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
 Explain how cladograms are used to hypothesize and represent evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Analyze a cladogram in order to determine evolutionary relationships and physical traits shared between groups of
organisms.