AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER 15 THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE
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I. MENDELIAN INHERITANCE HAS ITS PHYSICAL BASIS IN THE BEHAVIOR
OF CHROMOSOMES –
A. CHROMOSOME THEORY OF INHERITANCE –
B. MORGAN’S EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE: SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY –
1. MORGAN’S CHOICE OF EXPERIMENTAL ORGANISM –
2. CORRELATING BEHAVIOR OF A GENE’S ALLELES WITH
BEHAVIOR OF A CHROMOSOME PAIR –
II. SEX-LINKED GENES EXHIBIT UNIQUE PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE –
A. THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF SEX –
B. INHERITANCE OF SEX-LINKED GENES –
1. NATURE OF SEX-LINKED GENES –
2. EXPRESSION OF RECESSIVE ALLELES –
3. DISORDERS –
a. COLOR-BLINDNESS –
b. DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY –
c. HEMOPHILIA –
C. X INACTIVATION IN FEMALE MAMMALS –
III. LINKED GENES TEND TO BE INHERITED TOGETHER BECAUSE THEY
ARE LOCATED NEAR EACH OTHER ON THE SAME CHROMOSOMEA. HOW LINKAGE AFFECTS INHERITANCE –
B. GENETIC RECOMBINATION AND LINKAGE –
1. RECOMBINATION OF UNLINKED GENES: INDEPENDENT
ASSORTMENT OF CHROMOSOMES –
2. RECOMBINATION OF LINKED GENES: CROSSING OVER –
C. MAPPING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN GENES USING
RECOMBINATION DATA: SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY –
1. BASIS FOR CONSTRUCTING A GENETIC MAP –
2. LINKAGE MAPS AND MAP UNITS –
3. PRACTICAL PROBLEMS –
4. CYTOGENETIC MAPS –
IV. ALTERATIONS OF CHROMOSOME NUMBER OR STRUCTURE CAUSE
SOME GENETIC DISORDERS –
A. ABNORMAL CHROMOSOME NUMBER –
1. NONDISJUNCTION –
2. ANEUPLOIDY –
a. MONOSOMIC –
b. TRISOMIC –
3. POLYPLOIDY –
B. ALTERATIONS OF CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE –
1. DELETION –
2. DUPLICATION –
3. INVERSION –
4. TRANSLOCATION –
C. HUMAN DISORDERS DUE TO CHROMOSOMAL ALTERATIONS –
1. DOWN SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21) –
2. ANEUPLOIDY OF SEX CHROMOSOMES –
a. KLINEFELTER SYNDROME –
b. TURNER SYNDROME –
3. DISORDERS CAUSED BY STRUCTURALLY ALTERED
CHROMOSOMES –
a. CRI DU CHAT –
b. CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA –
V. SOME INHERITANCE PATTERNS ARE EXCEPTIONS TO THE STANDARD
CHROMOSOME THEORY –
A. GENOMIC IMPRINTING –
B. INHERITANCE OF ORGANELLE GENES -