STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AT BUFFALO
Department of Biology
Biology 100
Principles of Biology
Fall 2004
Dr. Wadsworth
Mid-Term Exam 3a
Chromosomes to Biotechnology
Cover Sheet
Name: ____________________________________________________
(Print)
Instructions.
1. Print your name in the space designated on this cover sheet.
2. Be sure that your exam has 9 pages including this cover sheet.
3. Read each question carefully and answer in the space provide
4. At the end of the exam there are 6 short answer questions. Answer only 5 of
these 6 questions. Answering all six questions may reduce your grade.
Under the question you choose not to answer, please write the word "Skip".
Failure to write "SKIP" under the one question you choose not to answer will
reduce your grade.
Multiple Choice
Choose the best answer for the question or the best ending for each statement. Write the letter (A-E) which
corresponds to the best answer on the line before the question. (2 pts each)
_____ 1. How many autosomes would you expect to find in a male human skin cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
46
44
2
1
none
______ 2. Interphase is part of the cell cycle. Which of the following happens during interphase?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Sister chromatids divide
DNA is replicated
The number of chromosomes doubles
Sister chromosomes synapsis forming tetrads
Genetic recombination takes place
______3. The number of chromosomes found in a eukaryotic cell:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
doubles during mitosis
doubles during meiosis
is haploid among asexually reproducing forms and diploid if they reproduce sexually.
is doubled by fertilization and cut in half by meiosis.
is dependent on the age of the tissue.
_____ 4. Chromatin is composed of both DNA and histones. If DNA and histones were disassembled into
the monomers that compose them, which of the following monomers would be generated.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Fatty acids and Nucleotides
Amino acids and Fatty acids
Amino acids and Nucleotides
Monosaccharides and Fatty Acids
Monosaccharides and Nucleotides
_____ 5. The condition neurofibromastosis was made famous by the movie "The Elephant Man." This
disease is characterized by tumor like formations on the skin and is a dominant genetic trait. If
two people homozygous for the trait have children, what phenotypes will those children exhibit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
All the children will have neurofibromastosis
Most of the children will have neurofibromastosis
Most of the children will be healthy
About ½ of the children will be healthy
All the boys will have neurofibromastosis and all of the girls will be healthy
_____ 6. Mendel’s study of genetics differed from his contemporaries’ studies because he:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
studied traits influenced by the environment.
examined several different traits at the same time.
studied individual traits
worked on plants rather than animals.
confirmed the blending theory of inheritance.
_____ 7. In dogs, a single gene controls ear floppiness. The allele for erect ears is dominant and the allele
for floppy ears is recessive. If I breed a true-bred german shepherd (erect ears) with a true-bred
Labrador retriever (floppy ears) what is the probability that the first pup will have erect ears?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0%
10%
25%
75%
100%
_____ 8. A woman is diagnosed to have the genetic disease known as Huntington’s disorder. It is a rare
defect caused by an autosomal dominant allele. She is heterozygous for the trait. If she mates
with a healthy male, what is the probability that any one of her children to inherit the disease?
A. dependent on the sex of the child.
B. 1/3.
C. 1/2.
D. 3/4.
E. 100%
_____ 9. If a colorblind man marries a women heterozygous for colorblindness, what proportion of their
offspring would you expect to be color blind?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
100%
75%
50%
All the male children
0%
_____ 10. The sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome is
A. XXX.
B. XO.
C. XXY.
D. XYY.
E. none of these
_____ 11. Which of the following do not make-up part of DNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Amino Acids
Nucleotides
Deoxyribose
Phosphate
Nitrogenous bases
_____ 12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Fred Griffith’s experiments?
A. Mice injected with smooth (S) bacteria die.
B. Mice injected with heat-killed smooth bacteria die.
C. Mice injected with heat-killed smooth bacteria and live rough (R) bacteria die.
D. Mice injected with rough bacteria live.
E. Smooth bacteria are transformed into harmless rough bacteria.
_____ 13. Which of the following enzymes is most responsible for the replication of DNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DNase
Replicase
DNA Polymerase
Transcriptase
RNase
_____ 14. Cystic Fibrosis illustrates the one gene one polypeptide hypothesis because:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The cystic fibrosis gene causes a pleiotropic disease
The cystic fibrosis gene is on the X chromosomes
The cystic fibrosis encodes a chloride pump
The cystic fibrosis allele is recessive to the healthy allele
Carriers (heterozygotes) do not have the disease but can pass it on to offspring.
_____ 15. Which of the following is involved in the initiation step of transcription?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Promoter
Terminator
DNA polymerase
Start Codon
Wobble
_____16 . Where is RNA synthesized in a cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum.
mitochondria
nucleus.
in phospholipids membranes
_____17. Which of the following is not a difference between RNA and DNA
A.
B.
C.
D.
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
RNA uses Uracil (U) and DNA uses Thymine (T)
RNA is in prokaryotes and DNA is in eukaryotes
RNA has ribose and DNA has deoxyribose
_____ 18. A tRNA has the sequence GGG as its anticodon. What amino acid would you expect to be
attached to this tRNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Lys
Pro
Tyr
Phe
Gly
_____ 19. Which of the following determine the position of an open reading frame in a mRNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The 5’ and 3’ ends of the mRNA
The promoter and terminator sequences
The binding site of the large subunit of the ribosome
The start and stop codons
The set of tRNA’s used in the translation of a particular gene
_____ 20. Which of the following is involved in both translational elongation and translational termination?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Promoter
Terminator
DNA polymerase
Start Codon
Ribosome
_____21. Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, and is considered the "adaptor"
molecule between codons and amino acids?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
mRNA
tRNA
hnRNA
rRNA
all of these
_____ 22. Why was golden rice created?
A. To produce rice more cheaply
B. To create a visually attractive alternative to white rice
C. To make rice more resistance to insect pests
D. To promotes the use of monocultures
E. To make rice more nutritious
_____ 23. Which of the following best describes why the federal government allows tax dollars to be spent
on adult stem cell research but not embryonic stem cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Embryonic stem cell research requires human cloning which is banned around the world.
Embryonic stem cell research requires the destruction of embryos
Embryonic stem cells technology is not as developed as adult stem cell technology.
Embryonic stem cells are not as pluripotent as adult stem cells
Embryonic stem cells have been shown to form cancer tumors when used for therapeutic
applications.
_____ 24. Which of the following best describes a “Pharm Aminal”?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Transgenic animals that have economic value
Transgenic animals used to create cheaper agricultural products
Transgenic animals that escape into natural ecosystems
Trangenic animals that grow faster than non-trangenic animals
Transgenic animals used to produce pharmaceutical products
_____ 25. Which of the following explain why American farmers grow so much BT corn?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
BT corn grows faster than traditional corn
In addition for food, BT corn can be used to produce pharmaceutical products
BT corn taste better than traditional corn
Cows fed on BT corn grow faster than cows fed traditional corn.
Less pesticide needs to be sprayed on BT corn.
Short Answer Questions
Answer only five of the following six questions in the space below each question. Under the one question
you choose not to answer, write the word "SKIP".
26. Pseudohypertorphic muschular dystrophy is a disorder that causes gradual deterioration of the muscles.
It is only seen in boys born to apparently normal parents and usually results in premature death in the early
teens. Is this disorder caused by a dominant or recessive allele? Explain your reasoning.
27. How did Avery show that the genetic material was not RNA?
28. Explain why a non-sense mutation will usually have a bigger impact on phenotype than a mis-sense
mutation.
29. Give three reasons that most European countries have rejected the use of transgenic crops.
30 What is the main value of therapeutic cloning to research and medicine?
31. The sequence of a very short mRNA is written below. How many amino acids will the polypeptide
encoded by this mRNA have and what is the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide?
GAGGACCUAGAUGCCUGUACCUGGCUAAUCUGUAGUAGUGG