READ THIS FIRST: What here's is *NOT* everything you need to know about these reactions. This is only a bare-bones outline of reagents and a few pertinent facts. You need to not only have this information in your head, but be able to use all this in solving real problems. Don't think that just memorizing this list will result in a C grade. This is the framework for organizing the knowledge in your head, so that you can pull up the right facts when needed. R: = regiochemistry; S: = stereochemistry M: = know mechanism Default is "no carbocation rearrangments" and “no mechanism” unless explicitly stated so. 1. HX (tertiary, secondary) Sn1 [4.9+] { M; S: random} carbocation rearrangements or PBr3 or SOCl2 [4.13] 2. X2, hv {M} [4.14] 3. Acid-cat. Dehydration [5.9] {R: Zaitsev; M} carbocation rearrangements 4. E2 elimination [5.15] typically RO-/ROH or KOH/EtOH{R: Zaitsev; S: anti; M } 5. H2, catalyst(Pd, Pt, or Ni) [6.1] {R: None; S: syn } 6. Hydrogen halide (HCl, HBr, HI) addition to an alkene: [6.4+] {R: Markovnikov; S: random; M } Carbocation Rearrangments! HBr plus peroxides [6.8] {R: anti-Markovnikov; S: random; M } 7. H2SO4 , Δ {M; R: Mark; S: random} [6.9] 8. H2O, Δ [6.9] 9. Acid-cat. Hydration [6.10] {R: Markovnikov M } carbocation rearrangements or (1) B2H6, Et2O (2) H2O2, NaOH, H2O [6.12] {R: anti-Markovnikov; S: syn; } 10. Br2 or Cl2, CH2Cl2 (inert solvent) [6.15] {R: None; S: anti; M} 11. Br2, H2O [6.18] {R: OH to more substituted; S: anti; M} or 12. RCO3H [6.19] {S: syn, with retention at alkene E/Z } 13. (1) O3, CH2Cl2, -78ºC (2) Me2S or Zn [6.20] 14. (1) O3, CH2Cl2, -78ºC (2) H2O [6.20] 15. HS-Na+, ROH or DMF or DMSO solvent [Ch.8] {R: None; S: inversion; M(SN2)} limits on RX: Me, primary, un-Β-branched secondary 16. R'S-Na+, ROH or DMF or DMSO solvent [Ch.8] {R: None; S: inversion; M(SN2)} limits on RX: Me, primary, un-Β-branched secondary 17. H2O (solvolysis, SN1) [Ch.8] {S: random; M} carbocation rearrangements tertiary, secondary or H2O, H2SO4, heat (SN2) [Ch.8]{S: inversion M, SN2} methyl, primary, un--branched secondary 18.NaX, DMSO or DMF or ROH solvent (SN2) [Ch.8] {S: inversion; M} limits on RX: Me, primary, un--branched secondary 19. NaCN, DMSO (or ROH solvent) {M; S: invert} [Ch. 8] 20. TsCl, pyridine [8.12] 21. KOH/EtOH or NaOR/ROH {E2 mechanism} [Ch.8, also 5.15] 22. 2 NaNH2, NH3 {E2 mech} [9.7] 23. H2, catalyst(Pd, Pt, or Ni) {R: None; S:syn} [9.9] 24. H2, Lindlar's catalyst(Pd, Pb(OAc)2, quinoline {R: None; S: syn } [9.9] or Na, NH3 {R: None; S: anti } [9.10] 25. HX {R: Mark; S:mixed } [9.11] 26. HX {R: Mark; S:mixed} [9.11] 27. excess HX {R: Markovnikov} [9.11] 28. H2O, H2SO4, HgSO4 [9.12] {S: Markovnikov; terminal alkynes give methyl ketones. M: enol to keto tautomerization} 29. Br2, CH2Cl2 (inert solvent) {R: None; S: anti} 9.13] 30. excess Br2, CH2Cl2 (inert solvent) {R: None; S: anti; M} [9.13] 31. (1) O3, CH2Cl2, -78ºC (2) H2O [9.14] 32. H2NNH2, KOH, triglyme, Δ (Wolff-Kishner) or Zn/HCl (Clemmensen): [12.8] 33. Mg, Et2O (or THF) {S: race} [14.4] 34. H2O (or any protic compound) [14.5] 35. (1) LiAlH4, Et2O (2) H2O or NaBH4, MeOH [15.2] 36. (1) LiAlH4, Et2O (2) H2O [15.3] 37. OsO4(cat), tBuOOH, tBuOH, HO- {S: syn} [15.4] 38. H2SO4 (Cat. SN1) with 2 ROH {M; rear} [15.7] 39. R’OH, H2SO4 (Fischer esterification) {M} [15.8] 40. (2º ROH to ketone): Na2Cr2O7, H2SO4, H2O or CrO3, H2SO4, H2O [15.10] (1º ROH to aldehyde): CrO3, pyridine, HCl [15.10] 41. (1º ROH to acid) Na2Cr2O7, H2SO4, H2O or CrO3, H2SO4, H2O [15.10] 42. HIO4 [15.12] 43. R’O-, R’OH (Williamson ether syn) {M; S: inversion at RX} [16.6] 44. HX, Δ {M; S: yes; R: yes} [16.8] 45. HO-, H2O {M; R: yes; S: anti} [16.10] 46. HO-, H2O or H2SO4, H2O {M; S: anti} [16.12-.13] 47. RO-, ROH or ROH, H2SO4 {M; S: anti} [16.12-.13] 48. HX {M; R: yes; S: yes} [16.13] 49. (1) LiAlH4, Et2O (2) H2O {R: yes; S: yes} [16.12] 50. HO-, H2O or H2SO4, H2O or RO-,ROH or ROH, H2SO4 {M} [17.6-.8] 51. HCN {M} [17.7] 52. R2NH {M} [17.10] 53. any oxidant, including air, CrO3, etc. [17.15] 54. RCO3H {R: yes} [17.16] 55. (1) CO2 (2) H3O+ [19.11] 56. H2O, H3O+, 57. NaN3, DMSO or ROH 58. (1) LiAlH4, Et2O (2) H2O 59. (1) LiAlH4, Et2O (2) H2O 60. NH3 or RNH2 or R2NH, H2/Pd, or NH3 or RNH2 or R2NH, NaBH3CN