Supplement Table 1: Summary and comparison of behavioral effects of ERK1 ablation and psychostimulants Test/paradigm Activity in novel environment Immobility in the forced swim test Open-arm activity in the elevated plus maze Voluntary wheel running Psychostimulantinduced psychomotor activity Conditioned place preference Psychomotor sensitization Response of hyperactivity to antimanic treatment Psychostimulants Increased by amphetamine (1) Reduced by amphetamine (2) ERK1 deletion Increased (Fig. 4 & 6 and supplement Fig 1) Reduced (Fig. 3) Increased or decreased by different doses of amphetamine (3) Increased or decreased by different doses of amphetamine (4) or cocaine (5) Cross substitutable with cocaine (6) or amphetamine (7) in reward- or drug addition-related tests Common neurochemical changes for dynorphin (8) and deltaFosB (9) Inducer Increased (Fig. 2) Inducer Enhanced (10) Inducer Enhanced (11) Yes (1) Yes (Fig. 7-9) Increased running (Fig. 5) Enhanced (Fig. 6 and Supplement Fig. 1) References 1. Gould TD, O'Donnell K C, Picchini AM, Manji HK. Strain Differences in Lithium Attenuation of d-Amphetamine-Induced Hyperlocomotion: A Mouse Model for the Genetics of Clinical Response to Lithium. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006 Dec 6. 2. Wieland S, Lucki I. Antidepressant-like activity of 5-HT1A agonists measured with the forced swim test. Psychopharmacology 1990; 101(4): 497-504. 3. Dawson GR, Crawford SP, Collinson N, Iversen SD, Tricklebank MD. Evidence that the anxiolytic-like effects of chlordiazepoxide on the elevated plus maze are confounded by increases in locomotor activity. Psychopharmacology 1995 Apr; 118(3): 316-323. 4. Bradbury AJ, Costall B, Naylor RJ, Onaivi ES. 5-Hydroxytryptamine involvement in the locomotor activity suppressant effects of amphetamine in the mouse. Psychopharmacology 1987; 93(4): 457-465. 5. Ito C, Onodera K, Sakurai E, Sato M, Watanabe T. Effect of cocaine on the histaminergic neuron system in the rat brain. Journal of neurochemistry 1997 Aug; 69(2): 875-878. 6. Cosgrove KP, Hunter RG, Carroll ME. Wheel-running attenuates intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats: sex differences. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior 2002 Oct; 73(3): 663-671. 7. Kanarek RB, Marks-Kaufman R, D'Anci KE, Przypek J. Exercise attenuates oral intake of amphetamine in rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior 1995 Aug; 51(4): 725-729. 8. Werme M, Thoren P, Olson L, Brene S. Running and cocaine both upregulate dynorphin mRNA in medial caudate putamen. The European journal of neuroscience 2000 Aug; 12(8): 2967-2974. 9. Werme M, Messer C, Olson L, Gilden L, Thoren P, Nestler EJ et al. Delta FosB regulates wheel running. J Neurosci 2002 Sep 15; 22(18): 8133-8138. 10. Mazzucchelli C, Vantaggiato C, Ciamei A, Fasano S, Pakhotin P, Krezel W et al. Knockout of ERK1 MAP kinase enhances synaptic plasticity in the striatum and facilitates striatal-mediated learning and memory. Neuron 2002 May 30; 34(5): 807-820. 11. Ferguson SM, Fasano S, Yang P, Brambilla R, Robinson TE. Knockout of ERK1 Enhances Cocaine-Evoked Immediate Early Gene Expression and Behavioral Plasticity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006 Dec; 31(12): 2660-2668.