Educ 5633
Dr. Sharon Murray
Oct.31, 2008
Ryan Lawrence
Ancient Rome Resource Pack
Introduction
This resource pack is intended to be used to help supplement the instructional materials
of teachers of grade 10 Ancient and Medieval History, Unit IV: The Grandeur That Was
Rome.
Included in the pack are links to primary and secondary sources, maps and images to
facilitate the instructor’s presentation to students of this rich and fascinating era. Also
included are links to two webquests on Ancient Rome. The pack will concentrate on the
mythical founding of Rome, the expulsion of the Kings, the rise of the Roman Republic
and the values it held, its territorial expansion and a detailed examination of the Punic
Wars. Also offered are links to materials regarding military innovations, the call for
reform by the Gracchi and impact of the strong man in Rome (i.e. Marius, Sulla,
Pompey), including the rise and fall of Julius Caesar and the transformation of Rome
from Republic to Empire. In addition, the daily life of Romans, their religion, the role of
women and architectural feats are outlined. In conclusion, comprehensive links to
materials on the Julio-Claudian dynasty are presented.
Objectives:
To enrich students’ understanding of….
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The story of the founding of Rome with specific regard to myth of Romulus and
Remus and the geographic factors contributing to the selection of the site of Rome
on the banks of the Tiber.
-
The values of Republican Rome citing the stories of Romulus, Horatio and
Cincinnatus
-
The nature of Roman expansion and military innovations which facilitated it
-
The main features of the Punic Wars and the formidable enemy Rome faced in
Carthaginian General Hannibal
-
The strengths and weaknesses of republican Rome and reforms put forth by the
Gracchi
-
The emergence of the strong man in history through the introduction of Marius
and Sulla
-
The rise and fall of Julius Caesar and the implications for the republic
-
The problems emerging with Rome’s transformation from republic to empire
-
The daily life of a Roman with special regard to religion
-
The role of women in republican Rome
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Some of the architectural accomplishments of ancient Rome
-
The beginnings of Imperial Rome and the strengths and weaknesses of the JulioClaudian dynasty with specific regard to emperors Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula,
Claudius and Nero
Timeline of the Roman Republic
http://www.legionxxiv.org/republictimeline/
The Founding of Rome
A description of the mythical founding of Rome, from Aeneas to Numitor to
Romulus. - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-founding.htm
The Founding of Rome http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/cityofrome/p/RomeFounding.htm
An image of an original bronze statue of the Capitoline Wolf suckling Romulus and
Remus - http://www.flickr.com/photos/italiangerry/272386890/
http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/grecoromanmyth1/a/mythslegends_3.htm
The story of the Sabine women - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/romansabine-women.htm
The Beginnings of Rome - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey02.html
Geographic Factors
An overview of Italian geography http://library.thinkquest.org/26602/geography.htm
Topography of Rome - http://www.mmdtkw.org/ALRItkwRom101BasicTopo.html
Values in Republican Rome
The story of the rape of Lucretia from Livy’s History of Rome http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/livy-rape.html
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, last king of Rome http://www.unrv.com/bio/lucius-tarquinius-superbus.php
The Struggle against Kingship http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey06.html
The Birth of the Republic –
http://www.unrv.com/empire/birth-of-the-roman-republic.php
The Roman Way of Declaring War, c. 650 BC by Livy http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/650livy1-34.html
The Twelve Tables - http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/12tables.html
The Struggle for Equality - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey09.html
The Roman Concepts of fides and virtus - http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/fides.html
Checks and Balances in the Roman Republic, outlining the roles of the consuls,
magistrates, senators and tribunes - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/romebalance.html
Statesmen of the Roman Republic, a chronological list of the leading statesmen and
their major accomplishments from 509 - 43 BCE http://www.unrv.com/government/roman-leaders.php
Romulus Kills his brother Remus! http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/RomanLinks/romulus.htm
Romulus, by Plutarch - http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/romulus.html
Horatius Cocles - http://www.livius.org/ho-hz/horatius/cocles.html
The story of Cincinnatus http://www.leadershipnow.com/cincinnatus.html
Roman Expansion
The Conquest of Latium - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey10.html
The Conquest of Central Italy - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey11.html
The Conquest of Southern Italy http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey11.html
Supremacy of Rome in Italy - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey13.html
The Conquest of Italy - http://www.unrv.com/empire/conquest-of-italy.php
The Growth of Rome http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/romerepublic/qt/080807Rmnxpnsn.htm
Map – The Rise of Rome, 380 BChttp://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map4.html
Map – The Rise of Rome, 270 BC http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map5.html
Map – Mediterranean World, 220 BC http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map6.html
Map of Roman Expansion, 500 – 240 BC http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-map-500bc.htm
Map of Roman Expansion, 280 – 30 BC http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-map-30bc.htm
Map – Conquest of Gaul, 52 BCE –
http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map9.html
Mithridates and the Roman Conquests of the East, 90-61 BCE, by Polybius
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/mithradates1.html
Conquests in the East, 200-133 BChttp://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey16.html
Map – The Mediterranean World, 86 BCE http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map8.html
Map – Roman Empire, 25 BC http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map10.html
Map – Roman Empire, 8 AD http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map12.html
Reduction of Roman Conquests http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey17.html
Military Innovations
The organization of the Roman Republican Legion –
http://www.unrv.com/military/roman-republican-legion.php
The Roman Maniple vs. the Macedonian Phalanx, by Polybius
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-maniple.html
The Ancient Warfare Articles of Smith’s Dictionary http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA/Warfare/h
ome.html
The Roman Army in the First Century, CE by Josephus http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/josephus-warb.html
Medical innovations within the Roman Army http://www.mcatmaster.com/medicine&war/ancientrome.htm
A List of Ancient Roman Inventions http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/ancient_roman_inventions.htm#List%20o
f%20Ancient%20Roman%20Inventions
Roman Infantry Tactics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_infantry_tactics%2C_strategy_and_battle_forma
tions
Roman Army Formations - http://historylink102.com/Rome/roman-armyformations.htm
The Roman Fort - http://historylink102.com/Rome/roman-army-forts.htm
The Punic Wars
Carthage - http://www.livius.org/cao-caz/carthage/carthage.html
The First Punic War - http://www.unrv.com/empire/first-punic-war.php
The First Punic War - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey14.html
Map – The Second Punic War, 218-202 BC http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/firsteuro/imgs/map6.html
The Second Punic War - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey15.html
The Carthaginian Attack on Sicily, 480 BC by Herodotus http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/480carthage.html
Appius Claudius Caudex - http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/claudius/caudex.html
The Battle of Cannae, 216 BCE by Polybius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-cannae.html
The Second Punic War – http://www.unrv.com/empire/second-punic-war.php
The Third Punic War, 149-146 BCE by Polybius
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-punic3.html
Rome at the End of the Punic Wars from Polybius’ History, Book 6 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius6.html
Maps detailing the Punic Wars - http://lexicorient.com/e.o/atlas/h-punic_wars.htm
History of Carthage - http://www.carthage.edu/dept/outis/carthage1.html
The Battle of Zama - http://www.roman-empire.net/army/zama.html
Hannibal
The Character of Hannibal from the Histories, Book IX, Chapters 22-26 by Polybius –
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-hannibal.html
Hannibal Bio - http://www.livius.org/ha-hd/hannibal/hannibal.html
Hannibal and Carthage- http://www.phoenician.org/carthage_hannibal_barca.htm
History of Hannibal http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac55
Strengths and Weaknesses of Republican Rome
Roman Republican Constitution http://www.utexas.edu/depts/classics/documents/RepGov.html
The Struggle for Economic Rights http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey07.html
The Struggle for Equal Laws - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey08.html
The Struggle for Political Equality http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey09.html
Call for Reform: The Gracchi
The Civil Wars – On the Gracchi, by Appian http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/appian-civwars1.html
The Life of Tiberius Gracchus, by Plutarch http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/tiberius.html
The Gracchi - http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/people/p/gracchi.htm
The Gracchi Brothers - http://www.unrv.com/empire/gracchi-brothers.php
Significance of the Gracchi - http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/romanrev/10.shtml
The Times of the Gracchi, Civil Strife in Rome http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey19.html
The Strong Man in History
Life of Marius – Caius Marius, by Plutarch http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/c_marius.html
Life of Sulla - Sylla, by Plutarch - http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/sylla.html
The Temporary Monarchy of Sulla http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/romanrev/15.shtml
Life of Pompey – Pompey, by Plutarch - http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/pompey.html
The Legacy of Marius and Sulla http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey20.html
The Times of Pompey and Caesar http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey21.html
The Rise and Fall of Julius Caesar
Caesar’s invasion of Britain, 55-54 BCE –
http://www.athenapub.com/caesar1.htm
The Assassination of Julius Caesar, from Marcus Brutus (excerpts), by Plutarch http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/plutarch-caesar.html
Caesar, by Plutarch - http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/caesar.html
Julius Caesar, Historical Background http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/caesar.html
Conquest of Gaul - http://www.unrv.com/fall-republic/gaul-conquest.php
Rome’s Transformation from Republic to Empire
Life in Rome in the Late Republic, c. 63 BCE, by Sallust http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/63sallust.html
The End of the Republic, by Tacitus - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/tacitusann1a.html
The Times of Antony and Octavian http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey22.html
From Republic to Empire http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/romanpages.html
Pharsalia, The Civil War by Lucan - http://omacl.org/Pharsalia/
Daily Life in Rome
Weights and Measures - http://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-weights-measures.php
Roman Calendar - http://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-calendar.php
Saturnalia Convivia, III.13: The Bill of Fare at a Great Roman Banquet, 63 BCE, by
Macrobius - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/macrobius-3-13.html
Roman Farming - http://historylink102.com/Rome/roman-farming.htm
Ancient Roman recipes - http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mjw/recipes/ethnic/historical/antrom-coll.html
Slavery in the Republic – The Conduct and Treatment of Slaves, by Plautus http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/slavery-romrep1.html
The Murder of Pedanius Secundus from the Annals of Tacitus ( the murder of an
owner by his slave; the Senate tries to decide whether to kill all slaves in the
household) - http://www.umich.edu/~classics/programs/class/cc/372/sibyl/db/TacAnn-xiv42to45.html
A Letter Home of a Roman “University” Student, 44 BC http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/cicerojunior1.html
Religion
Dictionary of Roman Mythology - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/romanreligion-dictionary.htm
Roman Religion - http://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-religion.php
Various accounts of personal religion, 430 BCE-300 CE http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/personalrelig.html
A Roman View of the Afterlife – The Dream of Scipio from Cicero’s On the Republic
- http://www.mircea-eliade.com/from-primitives-to-zen/180.html
The Role of Women
Women in Roman society - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-women.htm
Materials for the Study of Women in the Ancient World http://www.stoa.org/diotima/
Legal Status of Women (a collection of ancient sources detailing laws, punishments,
expectations) http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-romanlegal.shtml
Women in Ancient Rome http://www.womenintheancientworld.com/women_in_ancient_rome.htm
Feminae Romanae, The Women of Ancient Rome http://web.mac.com/heraklia/Dominae/world_within/index.html
Architecture
Roman theaters http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-theaters.htm
Building Materials in Ancient Rome http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/rome_building_materials.htm
Roman amphitheaters http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/Topics/Architecture
/Structures/amphitheatres/home.html
Aqueducts - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-aquaducts.htm
Baths - http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-baths.htm
Silvae: II.2 A Roman Seaside Villa by Statius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/statius-2-2.html
Roman Waterworks http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/Topics/Engineering
/waterworks/home.html
Structure of Aqueducts in Ancient Rome http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/Roman_Aqueducts_structure.htm
Columns in Ancient Rome http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/roman_columns.htm
Bridges in Ancient Rome http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/Ancient_Roman_Bridges.htm
Arches in Ancient Rome http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/rome_building_arches.htm
The Roman Colosseum - http://historylink102.com/Rome/roman-coliseum-1.htm
The Julio-Claudian Dynasty
Julio-Claudian Imperial family tree http://www.historyinfilm.com/claudius/famtree.htm
Selections from – Letters on the Rise of Augustus, by Cicero http://homepage.usask.ca/~jrp638/DeptTransls/CicLetters.html
A diagram of the Roman government under Augustus –
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/spqr-under-augustus.gif
The Deeds of the Divine Augustus, by Augustus http://classics.mit.edu/Augustus/deeds.html
The Divine Augustus, by Suetonius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetonius-augustus.html
The Reign of Augustus - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey23.html
The Julian Emperors - http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey24.html
Augustus - http://www.roman-emperors.org/auggie.htm
Tiberius - http://www.roman-emperors.org/tiberius.htm
De Vita Caesarum:Tiberius, by Suetonius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-tiberius-rolfe.html
Caligula - http://www.roman-emperors.org/gaius.htm
De Vita Caesarum: Caius Caligula – by Suetonius –
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetonius-caligula.html
Claudius - http://www.roman-emperors.org/claudius.htm
Life of Claudius, by Suetonius - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetoniusclaudius-worthington.html
Graves, Robert, I, Claudius, (London, 1934)
Graves, Robert, Claudius the God, (London, 1934)
De Vita Caesarum: Nero, by Suetonius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-nero-rolfe.html
Nero - http://www.roman-emperors.org/nero.htm
Nero and the Great Fire, 64 CE from Roman History by Dio Cassius http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/diocassius-nero1.html
The Burning of Rome, 64 AD - http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/rome.htm
De Vita Caesarum: Divus Iulius (The Lives of the Caesars: The Deified Julius), by
Suetonius - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetonius-julius.html
Webquests
Let’s Journey Back In Time To Ancient Rome! http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webquests/rome/
I Came, I Saw, I Conquered! http://www.librarybcds.com/6WQrome/6WQrome.html