World History II
Industrial Revolution
How did the Industrial Revolution Change Women’s Lives?
Motivation
- What is the current role of women in society?
- How do women fulfill themselves?
- What is the ideal role for women?
☺ Show - Three Estates of the Women
– What does this tell you about the role of women before the French Revolution?
– What did women hope to achieve during the French Revolution?
☺ Show – Note slide
Feminists demand political rights and an end to laws and customs that served as the foundation for
European’s patriarchial society
-
Did they achieve their long term demands?
- few long term gains
- laws giving women control of their property, legal equality with their husbands and
inheritance rights were annulled when the Code Napoleon was adopted
What was the role of women during the Industrial Revolution?
☺ Show –
The Abduction of Rebecca, 1846
Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798–1863)
Oil on canvas; 39 1/2 x 32 1/4 in. (100.3 x 81.9 cm)
Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, 1903 (03.30)
The Industrial Revolution had a powerful impact on the arts. Romanticism and Realism are both seen as reactions to
the powerful changes that took place during the era. Because of its fascination with the past, with nature, and with
emotions, Romanticism is seen by many historians as a rejection of the harsh realities of the new age.
☺ Show –
Young Women from the Village, 1852
Jean-Désiré-Gustave Courbet (French, 1819–1877)
Oil on canvas; 76 3/4 x 102 3/4 in.
Realism is likewise interpreted as a rejection of Romanticism, instead choosing to examine the problems and
advances of the Industrial Revolution head-on. The Realist movement in French art flourished from about
1840 until the late nineteenth century, and sought to convey a truthful and objective vision of contemporary
life. Many of these new Realists were reformers who wanted to point out the harshness of life in industrial
cities, while others simply wanted to celebrate a content urban middle class.
☺ Show – Lord Tennyson Poem
What does this poem tell you about the role of men and women?
☺ Show –
Tea, 1872
James Tissot (French, 1836–1902)
Oil on wood; 26 x 18 7/8 in. (66 x 47.9 cm)
☺ Show – Madame Georges Charpentier (Marguerite-Louise Lemonnier, 1848–1904) and Her Children, GeorgetteBerthe (1872–1945) and Paul-Émile-Charles (1875–1895), 1878
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841–1919)
Oil on canvas; 60 1/2 x 74 7/8 in
☺ Show – Note slide
women were consigned to the domestic role centered on child care, housekeeping, supervising the servants
and providing their husbands with a tranquil haven where they could escape the pressure of business and
politics
women were legally inferior and economically dependent – defined by family and household roles
even working class women who could afford to do so, once they were married, were expected to abandon
their jobs outside the home
☺ Show – Mother Feeding Child, 1898
Mary Cassatt (American, 1844–1926)
Pastel on wove paper, mounted on canvas; 25 1/2 x 32 in. (64.8 x 81.3 cm)
What qualities or characteristics are usually applied to men?
What qualities or characteristics are usually applied to women?
☺ Show – Note slide
While women should be taught etiquette, housekeeping skills and the genteel arts of singing and piano
playing to prepare them for child care, homemaking and charitable work.
Summary
How much has things changed for women?
☺ Show – cartoon
Can women have it all? Are women allowed to give up their feminine side?
Or, is this the ideal women?
☺ Show – The perfect woman?