MAR 105 Telecourse – Review Sheet -Exam 5- Lessons 16, 17, 18 & 19
Lesson 16: On the Coast
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know differences in: active vs passive (position relative to a plate), wave energy and size, sediment input, and tidal range
among the three main U.S. coasts—Pacific, Atlantic, Gulf.
be able to define a beach and know its landward and seaward limits
be able to describe the changes in beach shapes and slopes in winter versus summer or during storms or clam periods
know how to define and be able to identify the following features of a beach: dunes, berm, scarp, low tide terrace,
sandbars
know what groins, jetties, seawalls, breakwaters and beach replenishment are and how they are supposed to work to stop
erosion and any problems that they cause
Lesson 17: Due West
Ventura Marina:
know that it suffered shoaling (accumulation of sediment) and why (jetties too short).
know how they fixed the problem in the past (dredging) and today (dredging and sand trap)
Pt Mugu:
near salt marshes (largest in southern CA), important for migratory birds
Problems of contaminants like sediment, grease and oil from watershed
Problems of elevated PCBs in Lag 4 restoration site…removed all soil and rebuilt to natural state
Sludge ponds for sewage treatment effluent..worried about heavy metals and groundwater
contamination…now use lined pond
Malibu:
Problems= houses built on unstable bluffs (subject to landslides) and eroding beaches and septic tanks
that discharge into beach & lagoon
Erosion and landslides common due to fluctuating sea-level eroding the base of slopes
Solutions: public education and trying to prevent landslides (drain water, buttress, …)
Aliso Creek watershed is urbanized and much of it is paved…problems of sediment, bacteria and other contaminants
watershed. Ex: brown water =too much sediment, blocks out light needed by kelp
Also problem of erosion exposing sewage lines and cause more contaminants
from the
Lesson 18: Building Blocks
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Know how to define life and specifically NASA’s definition
Know life is made of CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen)
Be able to describe examples of scientific hypotheses about how life may have begun (ex: prebiotic soup theory, RNA
world) and where it likely began
Be able to describe the three key aspects of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection (amplification/replication,
mutation/variation, selection)
Lesson 19: Water World
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Know how the following physical limiting factors vary with depth and location in the ocean and how they affect living
organisms—light, temperature, salinity, oxygen concentration, pH, and pressure
Know the definition of osmosis, be able to predict how water will move due to osmosis and be able to describe how it
affects living organisms in the sea.
know what viscosity is and how it affects movement of animals in the ocean. Know it affects small organisms more due
to larger surface area of these organisms. Explain some adaptations organisms have to deal with this problem.
Describe how the marine environment is classified on the basis of light penetration (euphotic, disphotic and aphotic
zones) and on the basis of location (epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssopelagic and hadopelagic).