Electronic Supportive Information
S1
:
Formation of PQT-12 film by FTM
O
P
P
Film Substrate
Pipette
Solution
FIG. 1. Schematic of Floating Film Transfer Method for PQT-12 film formation.
FTM is combination of drop cast and Langmuir Shieffer (LS) technique. This technique consists of casting of film over liquid surface and subsequently transfers of casted film manually over solid substrates by just stamping like LS technique. It requires the solution of PQT-12 in volatile solvent like chloroform (say 10 mg/ml). The mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol in 1:1 is used as a non- volatile liquid in Petridis which made hydrophilic liquid surface. A small drop (15-20µl) of PQT-12 solution in micro pipette is put over liquid mixture surface. Due to hydrophobic nature of chloroform, it spread over mixture surface and evaporate and form a circular or discotic film depend upon temperature. PQT-12 chains remain on surface due to immiscible in non volatile solvent after evaporation of chloroform and this whole process leads to formation of a very good film. The transfer of the film over solid substrate is done by just stamping from outer to inner radii of circular film as depicted in Fig. 1.
S2: Unpolarized light UV-vis study
22
0
C
26
0
C
33
0
C
38
0
C
400 500
600
FIG. 2. Normalized unpolarized light UV-vis of PQT film formed at above mentioned temperature.
S3: Polarized light UV-vis study
FIG. 3. Normalized polarized light UV-vis of PQT film formed at above mentioned temperature.
Fig. 2. and Fig. 3 represent the unpolarized and polarized light UV-vis spectra of FTM film of PQT-
12. The shoulder peaks at 531 nm and 575 nm in Fig. 2 do not much differ from unpolarized light UVvis. However, films formed at 22, 26 and 33 0 C temperature the shoulder peaks do not show much difference but film formed at 38
0
C shows visible differences. One can see the polarised light UV-vis spectra (plane of polarization parallel to the polymer chain alignment) and can find visible differences in shoulder peaks.
We formed macroscopically ordered film of 1 cm x 2.5 cm over glass substrate. The structure of the polymer films found composed of microcrystalline domains. Inside these microcrystalline domains the polymers show π-π stack in one direction, and form lamella of interlocking side chains in the other direction. UV-vis spectra (caused by electronic transition) show shift in highest absorptions peak with change in the intensity of shoulder peaks for these films. Shoulder peaks appear due to formation and size of microcrystalline domains. Microcrystalline domains structure appears due to the interdigitation of side chains and π-π interaction in the polymer. This phenomenon also confirms the ordering of chain
1-3
.
References
1. P. J. Brown, D. S. Thomas, A. Ko hler, J. S. Wilson, J.-S. Kim, C. M. Ramsdale, H. Sirringhaus,
R.H. Friend, Phys. Rev. B 67, 064203(2003).
2. J.-F. Chang, J. Clark, N. Zhao, H. Sirringhaus, D. W. Breiby, J. W. Andreasen, M..M. Neilsen, M.
Giles, M. Heeney, I. McCulloch, Phys. Rev. B 74, 115318(2006).
3. P. Kohn, S. Huettner, H. Komber, V. Senkovskyy, R. Tkachov, A. Kiriy, R. H. Friend, U. Steiner,
W. T. S. Huck, J.-U. Sommer, M. J. Sommer, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134 , 4790(2012).
S4: Polarized UV-vis study of heat treated sample
0.24
0.16
0.08
Parallel
Orthagonal
0.00
400 500 600
700 800
FIG. 4. -Polarised UV-vis of PQT film formed heat treatment at 110 o
C for two hours
S5: AFM study of outside of film
Polymer Chain backbone directions
Film propagation directions
FIG. 5. 5µmx5µm AFM topography and phase imaging of PQT-12 film formed at 26
0
C (taken from
outside of the circular film).
S6: AFM study of centre film
FIG. 6. AFM topography of 1µmx1µm of film formed at 26 0
C (taken from centre).
To support the schematics of Fig. 4 given in the manuscript, we prepared the sample and choose the only central part of the film for surface morphological study. Results obtained from AFM imaging
(used model NT MTD Russia) disclose the curvature of the polymer chains in the film while the increasing distance with centre cause reduction in curvature of polymer chains as we have taken only 1
µm x 1µm area for AFM study. This area is too small to resolve the curvature of polymer chains as distance increase from the centre. Since polymer chains align circularly of diameter 7±0.5 cm so one can only resolve this phenomenon very close to the centre by using AFM or for macroscopically it can be also seen by polarized light UV-vis absorption spectra