REPUBLIC OF RWANDA
INTRODUCTION
WHAT CAUSES A DISEASE?
RAB
RWANDA AGRICULTURE BOARD
TECHNOLOGIES IN DIAGNOSIS AND
CHARACTERIZATON OF CROP
DISEASES
One of the major constraints to crop productivity in
Rwanda is diseases .A disease is a manifestation of
pathogens attacking crop, which is normally indicated by
symptoms. Most of the time symptoms are characteristic
of a particular pathogen. This leaflet indicates some of
the major crop diseases in Rwanda, their diagnosis and
characterization.
Diseases differ from one kind to another according to
the causative pathogen and thus the symptoms are also
different. Common types of causal agents of plant
diseases are BACTERIA, FUNGI, VIRUSES,
NEMATODES and PHYTOPLASMA.
BACTERIAL DISEASES
WHAT'IS A DISEASE?
BXW OF BANANA
RALSTONIA. S OF
IRISH POTATOES
PREVENT, MONITOR, AND
CONTROL PLANT DISEASES FOR
ENHANCED AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTIVITY
VIRUS DISEASE OF
CASSAVA
The causative agents of disease are living organism not
visible to the naked eye commonly known pathogenic
microorganism. Thus, when the plant becomes infected
with a pathogenic microorganism, it creates a disorder
in the normal life of the plant hence disease.
Common symptoms are wilting of leaves and chlorosis;
mortification tissue leaves, stems ,fruits and roots and
become noirs. Presence stinking liquid especially in the
stem and tuber root are difficult diseases controlling
because no control products and advice are the first
purification and elimination of diseased plants, maintain
and plan a good assailment and a good rotation ,use of
clean seed.
FUNGI DISEASES
BLIGHT OF POTATO
VIRUS DISEASES
RUST OF MAIZE
In general the symptoms of the presence of pathogenic
fungi in plants are: rotten spots on leaves, stems, roots,
flowers and fruits; presence on the spots of a white
powder, black or gray, are said to diseases humidity .Les
fungal products are available for the control at the right
time, but it's better to use resistant or tolerant. Its are
frequent among healthy seed potatoes, coffee, bananas
and beans
For more information please call RAB,
Toll free 4675,mobile 0788402087
DIAGNOSING AND CHARACTERIZING IN
LABORATORY
VIRUS DISEASE OF MAIZE
Virus is the small of all the pathogenic microorganism
and that is why it must be conveyed to be present in
another organism. Plants or crops insects favor the
presence of viral transmission but also by seed affected
and this is the most dangerous in agriculture. The viral
diseases are very frequent during the dry season and in
place a low rainfall which promotes insect vectors.
generally chlorosis and dwarfism are remarkable
symptoms, fight and prevention is none other than the
utilization healthy seeds, better plan the rotation,
cropping season meet otherwise develop an irrigation
system strong and fight against insect vectors by applying
insecticides.
Utilization of new technologies in agricultural research
to know crop diseases with the aim of preventing and
fight against plant diseases, everything is done by
providing advice and by taking decisions that promote
the protection and conservation of plant purity Plant
1.Regular monitoring and rigorous control fields
especially in the fields of seed multiplication.
2. Use a good healthy seed
REPUBULIKA Y’U RWANDA
RAB
IKIGO CY’IGIHUGU GISHINZWE
ITERAMBERE RY’UBUHINZI
N’ÚBWOROZI
IKORANABUHANGA MU ISUZUMA
N’UBUMENYI BW’ INDWARA KU
BIMERA
N’IBIHINGWA
UBURWAYI, BUTERWA NI IKI?
BUGARAGAZWA NI IKI?
IRIBURIRO
Kimwe n’ibindi binyabuzima ikimera cyangwa igihingwa
kigira ibibazo by’uburwayi ndetse n’ubwonnyi
butandukanye.Buri gihingwa bitewe n’ibihe ndetse
n’ahantu kigaragaza imyitwarire itandukanye karemano
ku burwayi cyangwa ubwonnyi
bwagaragaye.Ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi n’ubworozi
bwitabira kandi bukitwararika kumenya,kurwanya,kurinda
ndetse no kuvura uburwayi butandukanye bw’ibihingwa
bitandukanye.
Uburwayi bugenda butandukana ku gihingwa kimwe
n’ikindi bitewe n’ubwoko runaka bw’akanyabuzima
kabiteye,bityo n’ibimenyetso bigenda bitandukana.Mu
tunyabuzima duto
dusangamo:BAGITERI,UDUHUMYO,VIRUSI,n’utundi.
BAGITERI ZITERA UBURWAYI BW’IBIHINGWA
UBURWAYI NI IKI?
IBIMENYETSO BYA KIRABIRANYA KU RUTOKI
ITERWA NA BAGITERI YA BXW
KU
DUKUMIRE,TURINDE,TUVURE
INDWARA MU BIHINGWA
TUGAMIJE UBUHINZI BUTANGA
ICYIZERE MU BUKUNGU
N’IMIBEREHO MYIZA
Y’ABANYARWANDA
KIRABIRANYA YO
KIRAYI
VIRUSI
Y’IMYUMBATI
Utunyabuzima duto tatabonwa n’amaso tuboneka mu
rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima nitwo dutera uburwayi mu bindi
binyabuzima iyo tubashije kwinjira mu buzima bwite
bwabyo, bityo kikabangamirwa mu mibereho yacyo.
Buri gihingwa gifite bagiteri yihariye iyitera
uburwayi,bityo n’ibimenyetso biratandukana ariko muri
rusange ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni kubabuka no
kuma kw’amababi akaba umukara ndetse n’igiti,hari
n’amatembabuzi aboneka asa n’amashyira mu mizi ,mu
mwumba cyangwa mu mizi n’ibijumba.N’indwara
zigoranye kugenzura kandi ntizigira imiti,bityo mu nama
zambere zikurikizwa ni ukurandura ibihingwa aho
bwabonetse,gusimburanya ibihingwa neza,gukoresha
imbuto z’indobanure z’umwimerere zizewe mu rwego
rwo kugabanya igihombo.Mu Rwanda izo ndwara
dukunze kuzibona mu rutoki,ibirayi,inyanya,ibinyomoro,..
UDUHUMYO DUTERA UBURWAYI
UBURWAYI BUTERWA NA VIRUSI
KUMENYA NO KUGENZURA INDWARA MURI
LABORATWARI
MILIDIYU Y’IBIRAYI
UMUGESE KU KIGORI
Uduhumyo dutera indwara mu bihingwa dukunze
kugaragazwa no kubora kw’amababi,igiti,imizi
n’ururabo,ku mababi kenshi ushobora gusanga agafu
k’umweru cyangwa umuhondo w’umugese,bakunze
kuzita indwara z’ububore zikunze kwiganza cyane mu
bihe by’imvura nyinshi cyangwa mu mirima ibonekamo
amazi menshi.Imiti yo kuvura no kurwanya izi ndwara
iraboneka ariko ibyiza ni ugukoresha imbuto
y’indobanure y’umwimerere yihangana ikanarwanya
ubwo burwayi.Izi ndwara mu Rwanda tuzisanga mu
bihingwa hafi yabyose ariko aho ziganje cyane kandi
zigatera ibibazo bikomeye ni mu
birayi,ikawa,urutoki,ingano n’ibishyimbo.
Ukeneye ibisobanuro wabariza muri RAB,
Telefoni itishyurwa 4675,igendanwa 0788402087
KUBEMBA KU KIGORI BITERWA NA VIRUS
Virusi niko kanyabuzima gato mu tunyabuzima dutera
indwara z’ibihingwa,ubuto bwako butuma katabasha
konyine kugera no kwivanga mu buzima bw’ibindi
binyabuzima.Ku bwibyo virusi nyinshi zigera mu bihingwa
zitwawe n’amasazi cyangwa utundi dusimba nkuko
zishobora no kugenda mu rubuto.Indwara ziterwa na
virus nazo nta miti zigira,zikunze kugaragara cyane mu
gihe cy’izuba ari nabwo tubona cyane amasazi
menshi.Igihingwa cyagezwemo na virusi gitakaza ibara
ry’icyatsi,amababi akihina,kigakura nabi.Igihombo kiba
kinini nta musaruro uboneka.Kurinda no kurwanya
bikorwa hakoreshwa imbuto nziza itarwaye,gutera imiti
yica amasazi n’utundi dusimba,gutera mu bihe by’imvura
cyangwa kuhira!
HAKORESHEJWE IKORANABUHANGA MU
BUSHAKASHATSI MU GUSUZUMA NO
KUMENYA INDWARA N’ IBYONNYI
,HAGAMIJWE GUKUMIRA,KURWANYA NO
KUVURA BYOSE BIGAKORWA HATANGWA
INAMA HAFATWA N’IMYANZURO
IRENGERA UMWIMERERE W’IBIHINGWA
1.GUSURA NO KUGENZURA BURI GIHE
IMIRIMA BYUMWIHARIKO ITUBURIRWAMO
IMBUTO!
2.GUKORESHA IMBUTO NZIZA ITARWAYE