CHAPTER 8: Emotion and Health
Please answer the following questions on your own. Also, I would appreciate it if you could
bold your answers so they are easier to spot. Good luck!
1. ___ is an increase or decrease in physiological activity that is accompanied by feelings
that are characteristic of the emotion and often accompanied by a characteristic behavior
or facial expression.
2. To the neuroscientist, the most obvious component of emotional response is ______
3. According to the ______ theory, emotional experience results from the physiological
arousal that precedes I, and different emotions are the result of different patterns of
arousal.
4. According to the ____ theory, the identity of the emotion is based on the cognitive
assessment of the situation and physiological arousal contributes only to the emotion’s
intensity.
5. Observation of others’ emotions activate our brains’ emotional areas and the amount of
activity is related to scores on a measure of ______.
6. The early notion that the limbic system is our brains’ emotional center is an ____.
Emotion involves structures at all levels of the brain.
7. Two of the most reliable brain-emotion associations have been the _____ role in fear,
and the location of disgust in the ____.
8. Another important structure in emotion is the ____. This structure appears to be
important in attention, cognitive processing, emotion, and possibly consciousness.
9. No emotion can be relegated to a ______
10. Damage to the _____ or severing its connections with the rest of the brain impairs
people’s ability to make rational judgments.
11. The amygdala participates in ____, especially when emotion is involved.
12. The amygdala contains receptors for benzodiapines and opiates, which supports its role in
inhibiting _____
13. In order for our behavior to respond to rewards and punishments, the ____ and the __
must be intact.
14. Although both hemispheres are involved in the experience of emotion, the ____ area is
more active when the person is experiencing positive emotions, and the ____ area is
more active during negative emotion.
15. The 3 stress hormones are ____
16. We are better equipped to deal with _____ than ____
17. The ______ system is particularly vulnerable to stress. Stress can even produce ______.
Extreme stress can even lead to __________.
18. Whether stress has a negative impact on health depends on _____, _____, and ______.
19. Much of the effects of aging on the brain is due to the lifelong accumulation of ________
20. Pain is unique among the senses. It is so intimately involved with ________ that we are
justified in discussing it as an _______________.
21. Besides the somatosensory area, pain particularly activates the _______, which in turn is
intimately connected with other limbic structures.
22. If pain continues, it recruits activity in the ______________ where pain is evaluated, and
responses to the painful situation are planned.
23. Some studies have found a relationship between _______ and violence/aggression in
men and women prisoners.
24. Critics argue that aggression increases ____ level rather than the other way around, and
so far the research is on their side.
25. Research on feline aggression suggests that defensive and predatory aggression have
separate _______ pathways. However, both seem to involve the _______, ______, and
_________.
26. Proactive aggression is associated with _______. These individuals show less _______
to stress and aversive stimuli than other aggressive individuals.
27. Serotonin inhibits aggression, probably through its effects in the ______, _______,
______ and ____________.
28. Some researchers have suggested that ________ and _______ interact to produce
aggression.
29. It is estimated that up to ______ of the variation among people in aggression is genetic
in origin.
30. The ____ (MAOA) enzyme breaks down monoamines, particularly serotonin, in the
synapse. The MAOA-L allele of the MAOA-L gene results in deficit levels of the
enzyme… A link between this allele and _______ is more reliable than any other
aggression-gene link.