Name______________________ANSWERS______________________________________ Class________________
Social Studies Review Guide: Chapter 4
1. Niagara Falls lies between which two Great Lakes?
- Lake Erie
- Lake Ontario
2. What is the name of the Canadian side of Niagara Falls? ___Horseshoe Falls___
3. What is the name of the American side of the Niagara Falls? ________American Falls__
4. Niagara Falls is the 2nd largest falls in the world, what is the largest? ___Victoria Falls in Africa___
5. What sequence of events led to the formation of Niagara Falls?
-
Glaciers covered much of the Northeast.
Glaciers began to melt.
The melting glaciers carved out the Niagara Gorge.
The Niagara River plunged into the Niagara Gorge.
6. What river flows into the Niagara Gorge? ____Niagara River___
7. What mountain range is the oldest in North America and extends from Canada all the way into Alabama?
___The Appalachian Mountains_
8. What smaller mountain chain is named for the forest of evergreens that covered the mountains and runs north
and south through Vermont? _Green Mountains___
9. What smaller mountain chain is known for its snow covered peaks and runs mainly through New
Hampshire? ___White Mountains____
10. What smaller mountain chain became famous as a setting for writers and painters in the
1800’s? ______Catskills Mountains__
11. Name three other (not the ones from the previous 3 questions) smaller mountain chains that make up the
Appalachian Mountains.
- Adirondack Mountains of Eastern New York
- Pocono Mountains of Eastern Pennsylvania
- Alleghany Mountains of Western Pennsylvania
12. What do the Catskill Mountains and Niagara Gorge have in common? _They were both formed by glaciers._
13. What two states do not share a coastline with the Atlantic Ocean? Pennsylvania & Vermont
14. What is the name of the first United States National Park that was east of the Mississippi? Acadia National Park
15. What is the difference between the coastline of Maine and the coastline of New Jersey? The coastline of
Maine is rocky cliffs and the coastline of New Jersey has sandy beaches.
16. Name the largest of the Finger Lakes. _Lake Seneca__
17. How long in days is the grapes growing season? __205 days__
18. What fraction of cranberry farms are in Massachusetts? ___1/2___(1,000 in the US, 500 in Massachusetts)_
19. Name the sequences of events in which cranberries are grown staring with the preparation of the cranberry bog.
-
Swampy land is leveled and cleared.
Sand is poured into the bog for good drainage.
The cranberry plants are pressed into the sand.
The cranberry bog is flooded in winter, drained in the spring, and flooded again.
The cranberries float to the top and are raked for collection.
20. What town and state holds the annual Cranberry Harvest Festival? ___South Carver, Massachusetts_
21. Name the sequence of events for the production of maple syrup.
-
Weather must be above freezing and then holes are drilled into the tree.
Spouts are placed into the holes.
Sap is collected in buckets, poured into barrels and taken to the sugarhouse.
At the sugarhouse, sap is boiled until water evaporates and only pure maple syrup remains.
22. What town and state holds the annual Maple Festival each year? ___St. Albans, Vermont__
23. Name two examples of minerals. granite & marble
24. What bay got its name from the Native Americans and means “Great Shellfish Bay?” __Chesapeake Bay___
25. Name some examples of seafood that the Chesapeake Bay is plentiful in. ___crabs, oysters, clams, and other
shellfish, 200 different kinds of fish live in the bay as well_____
26. What is the name of watermen who catch crabs? ___crabbers__
27. Name the sequence of events in which pollution goes from factories into the Chesapeake Bay?
- Factories dump pollution onto the ground.
- Rainwater washes away pollution into rivers and streams.
- Rivers carry pollution into bays.
28. Name two ways in which life in the Chesapeake Bay is threatened? pollution & overfishing
29. What is the name of one organization trying to stop and prevent pollution and overfishing? ___Chesapeake
Bay Foundation
30. Name two other bays in the Northeast besides the Chesapeake Bay?
- Delaware Bay (between New Jersey and Delaware)
- Massachusetts Bay (near Boston)
Matching
1. __C__ Huge sheets of ice that cover land
A. gorge
2 . __A__ A deep, narrow valley
B. hydropower
3. __B__ Power produced by capturing the energy of flowing water.
C. glacier
4. __F__ Electricity produced by flowing water.
D. peninsula
5. __E__ A tall tower with a strong light used to guide ships.
E. lighthouse
6. __D__ A piece of land almost surrounded by water.
F. hydroelectricity
7. __M__ A place where grapevines grow.
G. bay
8. __O__ An area of soft, wet, spongy ground.
H. inlet
9. __N__ A liquid carrying water and food that circulates through a plant.
I. quarry
10. __L__ Metals and other resources dug from the ground.
J. crab pot
11. __I__ A place where stone is dug, cut, or blasted from the ground.
K. watermen
12. __G__ Part of a sea or lake that cuts into the coastline.
L. mineral
13. __H__ A narrow opening of a coastline.
M. vineyard
14. __K__ Men or women who gather different kinds of seafood and fish in
different seasons.
N. sap
15. __J__ A large wire cage with several sections that crabs swim into but
from which they cannot escape.
O. bog
The Northeast is broken down into two sub regions: Name the sub regions with their states and it’s capitals
1. The New England states
1. Maine ==== Augusta
2. Massachusetts
3. Vermont
==== Boston
==== Montpelier
4. New Hampshire
==== Concord
5. Connecticut ==== Hartford
6. Rhode Island ==== Providence
2. The Middle Atlantic states
1. New York
==== Albany
2. Pennsylvania ==== Harrisburg
3. New Jersey
==== Trenton
4. Delaware
==== Dover
5. Maryland
==== Annapolis