Geospatial Technology Competency Model (GTCM) – Changes September 2014 Tier 1: Personal Effectiveness Competencies No competencies edited, added, or removed Tier 2: Academic Competencies Science and Engineering: Subject-specific Engineering Knowledge Architecture and Architectural Engineering - design and construction of buildings; Civil Engineering - design and construction of public and private works, such as infrastructure (roads, railways, water supply and treatment), bridges, and buildings; Environmental Engineering - application of science and engineering principles to improve the environment were replaced with…Familiarity with applications of science and engineering principles Landscape Architecture - design of outdoor and public spaces was removed Tier 3: Workplace Competencies Business Fundamentals: Economic/Business/Financial Principles Characteristics of Markets; Cost and Pricing of Products; Economic Terminology; Profit and Loss were replaced with…Basic understanding of markets, economic terminology, and business principles Fundamentals of Accounting was removed Supply/Demand was removed Business Fundamentals: Business Ethics Practice sustainability by using processes that are non-polluting, conserving of energy and natural resources, economically efficient, that use local materials, and safe for workers, communities, and consumers was removed Business Fundamentals: Entrepreneurship Explain the entrepreneurial process, including discovery, concept development, resourcing, actualization, harvesting was removed Geospatial Technology Competency Model (GTCM) – Changes September 2014 Business Fundamentals: Geospatial Business Fundamentals Discuss the historical origins of geospatial technology was replaced with…Be familiar with the historical origins of geospatial technology - In addition, This competency was moved to Tier 4. Tier 4: Industry-Wide Technical Competencies Satellite Positioning and Other Measurement Systems Explain the distinction between GNSS data post-processing (such as U.S. National Geodetic Survey's Online Positioning User Service) and real time processing (such as Real-Time Kinematic) was replaced with…Explain the role of GNSS in location-based services Plan a GNSS data acquisition mission that optimizes efficiency and data quality was replaced with…Explain how a mobile device calculates location coordinates (e.g., GNSS, triangulation, trilateration, etc.) - In addition, this competency was moved to Tier 5. In addition, compare differential GNSS and autonomous GNSS was moved to Tier 5. Identify and describe characteristics of inertial measurement systems and other geospatial measurement systems was replaced with…Describe characteristics and appropriate uses of inertial measurement systems Changed the title of the critical work function category from Satellite Positioning and Other Measurement Systems to Positioning Systems Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Acquire information needed to compare the capabilities and limitations of various sensor types in the context of project requirements was replaced with…Compare the capabilities and limitations of various sensor types in the context of project requirements Explain the difference between active and passive remote sensing, citing examples of each was replaced with…Describe characteristics and appropriate uses of active and passive sensors Use the concept of the "electromagnetic spectrum" to explain the difference between optical sensors, microwave sensors, multispectral and hyperspectral sensors was replaced with…Use the concept of the electromagnetic spectrum to explain the difference between sensors (e.g. optical, microwave, multispectral, hyperspectral, etc.) Geospatial Technology Competency Model (GTCM) – Changes September 2014 Tier 5: Industry-Sector Technical Competencies Positioning and Data Acquisition Design a questionnaire and interview protocol for acquiring georeferenced socio-economic data was replaced with…Understand how to conduct primary research and implications of data privacy and confidentiality Make and justify a choice between Real time Standard Positioning Service (SPS) and Real time Precise Positioning Service (PPS) for a given objective was replaced with…Differentiate between Real time Precise Positioning Service (PPS) and Real time Standard Positioning Service (SPS) Explain how an online real estate site acquires and integrates public information about nearly 100 million property parcels in the U.S. was replaced with…Explain the process of acquiring and integrating large and heterogeneous datasets (spatial or nonspatial) Diagram the sequence of functions involved in producing georeferenced textual information harvested from social media sites and the World Wide Web was replaced with…Describe how textual information can be harvested and geocoded from social media sites Describe the components and operation of an aerotriangulation system was replaced with…Explain aerotriangulation Compare how land records are administrated in the U.S. in comparison with other developed and developing countries was replaced with…Recognize that land records are administered differently around the world Analysis and Modeling Assess the current state of the art in coupling predictive models and simulations with GIS software was replaced with…Demonstrate familiarity with the existence of predictive models and their applications Define the sampling theorem in relation to the concept of spatial resolution of remotely-sensed imagery was removed Compare characteristics and appropriate uses of geospatial modeling techniques, such as neural networks, cellular automata, heuristics, agent-based models, and simulation models such as Monte Carlo simulation was replaced with…Explain characteristics and appropriate uses of geospatial modeling techniques (e.g. neural networks, cellular automata, heuristics, agent-based models, and simulation models) Geospatial Technology Competency Model (GTCM) – Changes September 2014 Explain the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem in relation to the "ecological fallacy" was replaced with… Explain the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (e.g. ecological fallacy, choropleth mapping, etc.) with relation to data aggregation Software and Application Development No competencies edited, added, or removed