Cell Growth and Reproduction
Keystone Eligible Content:
 Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division
(i.e. mitosis or meiosis), cytokinesis
 Compare the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions
 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of
genetic information
 Explain the functional, relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes and their
roles in inheritance
Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division
(i.e. mitosis or meiosis), cytokinesis.
1. Name and describe the three parts of the cell cycle.
Interphase – period between cell divisions (G1, S, G2)
Mitosis – division of the nucleus (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm
2. Identify mitotic phases:
A
______Telophase______
C
____Metaphase_______
B
______Prophase_____
D
______Anaphase_____
3.List the above phases of mitosis in order (use letters) __B__, __C__, _D___, __A__
Compare the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions.
4. Compare mitosis and meiosis:
Mitosis
Meiosis
1
2
Number of cell divisions
2
4
2N (Diploid)
N (haploid)
Identical
Different
Body Cells
gametes
Number of daughter cells
Number of chromosomes in daughter
cells (2N/N)
Daughter cells are genetically
(identical/different) than parent cell
Occurs in what type of cell
5. Distinguish between the terms diploid and haploid and give an example of each type of cell.
Diploid – a cell containing two sets of chromosomes (body cells)
Haploid – a cell containing one set of chromosomes (gametes - sperm and egg)
6. Identify the diploid and haploid chromosome number for humans.
Diploid 46
Haploid 23
Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or
conservation of genetic information.
7. What do we call the monomers of nucleic acids?
nucleotides
8. What three things make up the monomer?
5 carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
9. What do we call the process where DNA makes a copy of itself?
DNA replication
10. Identify the four nitrogen bases are present in a molecule of DNA.
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
11. Which of the nitrogen bases mentioned above is only found in DNA?
Thymine
12. Which nitrogen base replaces it in a molecule of RNA?
Uracil
13. Identify the base pairing rules found in DNA. What type and how many bonds are between
each base pair?
A-T, C-G
Hydrogen bonds
14. Circle the DNA strands below that would represent the new DNA molecules that would
result from replication.
Original DNA
A
B
Replicated DNA
C
Explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, & chromosomes and their
roles in inheritance.
15. Describe the relationship between DNA, gene, allele, chromosome, and nuclei.
Genes are segments of DNA that code for a particular protein. The DNA is found in the
nucleus of the cell. Alleles are the different forms of a gene. In other words, a human can
have two alleles for each gene, one inherited from their mother and one inherited from
their father. An example of an allele would be for widow’s peak (W) or no widow’s peak
(w). This person would be heterozygous (Ww). Condensed DNA forms a chromosome
where genes and alleles can be found at specific locations on the chromosome.