Chapter 4 Section 3
Triumph of Parliament in England
pp. 119-124
NAME_____________________
1] What house [dynasty] ruled England from 1485-1603? Tudor
2] These rulers believed in divine right, but worked well with the English legislature called?
Parliament
3] How did King Henry VIII deplete his treasury? Through Wars
4] Parliament became accustomed to being WHAT during the Tudor dynasty? Consulted on
Important matters
5] Who was “Good Queen Bess”? Elizabeth I
6] After the death of Queen Elizabeth I what family took over control of England? Stewart
7] These people were not as popular or as skilled at dealing with WHAT? Parliament
8] What were the two sides during the “century of revolution”? Stuarts vs. Parliament
9] Who was the first Stuart King? James I
10-11] He clashed with Parliament over what two things? Money and Foreign Affairs [policy]
12] What did he do to Parliament when they wanted to discuss foreign policy? Dissolved Parliament
13] What is a DISSENTER? People who differ on a subject [in England Protestants v. Anglicans]
14] What is a Puritan? Someone who wanted to Purify the Anglican Church
15] How did James I react to the Puritan’s? Rejected demands and “sent” them out of England or
worse
16] What did King James have revised that is still in use today? Holy Bible
17] Who became King in 1625? Charles I
18] His need for money forced the recall of what group? Parliament
19] They insisted that he sign the Petition of Right, what was it? Stopped the King from raising taxes
and from jailing people without consent of Parliament
20] Did King Charles I sign the Petition? Yes, but he didn’t follow it
21-22] What did King Charles do in 1629? How long did this last? Dissolved Parliament again for 11
years
23] Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury that tried to force all clergy to follow strict Anglican
rules? William Laud
24] Why did Charles have to recall Parliament in 1640? The Scottish Revolt, because Charles tried to
force the Anglican Prayer Book on Scotland
25] What was Parliaments reaction to being recalled? They launched a revolt, said Parliament could
not be dismissed without its own consent, tried and executed chief ministers including Laud
26] How long did the English Civil War last? 1642-1649 =7 years
27-28] What name was given to the King’s supporters? Who were they? Cavaliers –Nobles [long hair
and plumed hats]
29-30] Who were the supporters of Parliament? What was the name given to them? Roundheads
country gentry, town manufactures, Puritan Clergy [hair cut close around their heads]
31] Who was Oliver Cromwell? Leader of the Roundheads, skilled general created a “New Model
Army”
32] Who was in the hands of parliamentary forces by 1647? King Charles I
33] He was put on trial and condemned to death as a what? Tyrant, Traitor, murderer, and public
enemy
34] What was the fate of King Charles I in January 1649? He handled it with dignity! Beheaded [only
a single blow]
35] Why was this unique in Europe? First sitting Monarch to be executed by his people
36] After the execution what did the House of Commons do? Abolished the Monarchy, the House of
Lords, and the official Church of England [Anglican]
37] Who attacked England from Scotland and Ireland? Charles II supporters
38] What did Parliament pass in 1652? Law exiling Irish to western Ireland, if they were seen
anywhere else they would be SHOT on sight
39] What was a Leveller? People who thought poor men should have as much say in government as
others and sometimes women as well
40] What title did Oliver Cromwell take in 1653? Lord Protector
41] What did Puritan leaders try to root out? Godlessness to create a “Rule of Saints”
42] What did Cromwell do to theaters, and what practices did he look down on? Closed them,
outlawed lewd dancing, taverns and gambling
43] What religious group did Cromwell welcome back to England after 350 years of exile? The Jews
44] After Cromwell’s death England was tired of Puritan rule and Parliament asked who to return to
England and become King? Charles II
45] Was he a popular King? How did he gain that popularity? Yes, he reopened taverns and theaters,
made the Church of England the offical church again but tolerated other faiths [he was smart and
charming]
46] Charles II brother James II became king, how did he differ from Charles II? Flaunted his
Catholic faith, appointed Catholic officials
47] What did the bloodless overthrow of King James II become known as? Glorious Revolution, James
II fled to France
48] Who became King and Queen after this overthrow? William and Mary of Orange, Mary was
James II daughter
49] What was the English Bill of Rights that these rulers were force to sign? Superiority of
Parliament, House of Commons held the “power of the Purse”, No Catholic could ever be on the throne
50] What is HABEAS CORPUS? No jail without being charged with specific crime “to produce the
body”
51] What is a LIMITED MONARCHY? Limited power by constitution or legislative body