THE EUKARYOTIC CELL
A eukaryotic cell contains complex structures enclosed within membranes.
The defining membrane-bound structure that sets eukaryotic cells apart from
prokaryotic cells is the nucleus, surrounded by a nuclear envelope, within which
the genetic material is carried.
Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as
mitochondria, chloroplasts, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic
reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.
Fill in the boxes with the
corresponding numbers.
Nuclear envelope
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nuclear pore
Chloroplast
Golgi apparatus
Plasma membrane
Mitochondrion
The eukaryotic cell is surrounded by a structure called plasma membrane.
The nucleus is a main organelle that contains the genetic material. It is
surrounded by a nuclear envelope, a double membrane with pores.
The whole nucleus (with its nuclear envelope) is surrounded by various tube- and
sheet-like extensions of the nuclear membrane form what is called the
endoplasmic reticulum.
The endoplasmic reticulum is additionally responsible for moving proteins to the
Golgi apparatus.
Golgi apparatus is composed of numerous sets of smooth cisternæ. It is principally
responsible for directing molecular traffic in the cell.
The mitochondrion has an outer membrane and a highly convoluted inner
membrane. Its function is the cell respiration.
The chloroplast, basically, is the organelle responsible for photosynthesis. It
contains an outer membrane and an inner membrane. The chloroplast is larger
than the mitochondria. It contains a third membrane that forms a series of
flattened discs, called the thylakoids.
Who…
a) ___________ photosynthesis?
b) __________ proteins to Golgi apparatus?
Contains
Carries out
c) ___________ the whole cell?
d) _________ the molecular traffic in the cell?
e) ___________ the genetic material?
Surrounds
Directs
f) ____________ the content of the nucleus?
g) ______________ the cell respiration?
Protects
Moves
Fulfills