Popular Politics The separation and convergence of social and political history Calls for their reintegration What is politics? What type of state? Two models: one of power/might that uses coercion, the other of consent, collaboration or legitimated authority Re-thinking the early modern state Authority rather than power Legitimacy What tools for coercion? Where was the state? The composite state. Elite vs Popular conflict or Negotiation? Choices and strategies available to the people: Varieites of resistance: Riot, revolt, rebellion and seditious words as examples of resistance and defiance (but also opening negotiation?) But also varieties of popular dialogue and debate Two case studies of processes of dialogue: Print Petitions, addresses and oaths Popular Loyalism Women in popular politics Unintended consequences of popular involvement and engagement; and redefined notion of the people? Mark Knights