General Chemistry Benchmark 4 2011 Study Guide
Topics: Gas laws, gas stoichiometry, acids and bases, molarity, organic chemistry
Vocab:
melting
freezing
condensation
sublimation
vaporization
deposition
pressure
polyprotic
amphoteric
ketone
monoprotic
hydrocarbon
alcohol
base
organic chemistry
molarity
acid
aldehyde
Questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
List the five units of measurement that are used to measure pressure.
List the conversion factors used to convert units of pressure.
List the combined gas law.
List the ideal gas law.
What is STP? What are the conditions of STP?
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
The pH scale describes the concentration of what ion?
The pOH scale describes the concentration of what ion?
What is the range of the pH scale? Where is an acid located on the pH scale? A base?
The pH and the pOH of a substance always add up to be _________.
What is a hydrocarbon?
Name the types of bonds in alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
List the functional group for each of the following compound types and the suffix added to name each:
a. Alcohols
b. Aldehydes
c. Ketones
d. Halocarbons
13. What is the difference in aldehydes and ketones?
Calculations:
1. Convert the following:
a. 1.75 atm to kPa (177 kPa)
d. 570 torr to kPa (76.0 kPa)
b. 1.75 atm to mmHg (1330 mmHg)
e. 151.98 kPa to atm (1.4999)
c. 570 torr to atm (0.750 atm)
f. 912 mmHg to atm (1.20)
2. What is the molarity of a solution composed of 5.85 g of potassium iodide, KI, dissolved in enough water to
make 0.125 L of solution? (0.282 M)
3. How many moles of H2SO4 are present in 0.500 L of a 0.150 M H2SO4 solution? (0.0750 mol)
4. What volume of 3.00 M NaCl is needed for a reaction that requires 146.3 g of NaCl? (0.834 L)
5. The pressure exerted on a 240 mL sample of hydrogen gas at constant temperature is increased from 0.428 atm
to 0.724 atm. What will the final volume of the sample be? (142 mL)
6. A sample of oxygen that occupies 1.00 x 106 mL at 575 mmHg is subjected to a pressure of 1.25 atm. What will
the final volume of the sample be if the temperature is held constant? (6.05 x 105 mL)
7. A sample of air has a volume of 140 mL at 67 C. At what temperature will its volume be 50 mL at constant
pressure? (121 K or -152 C)
8. A sample of hydrogen at 47 C exerts a pressure of 0.329 atm. The gas is heated to 77 C at constant volume.
What will its new pressure be? (0.36 atm)
9. A sample of oxygen at 40 C occupies 820 mL. If this sample later occupies 1250 mL at 60 C and 1.4 atm, what was its
original pressure? (2.01 atm)
10. A gas has a volume of 1.75 L at -23 C and 150 kPa. At what temperature would the gas occupy 1.3 L at 210 kPa?
(260 K or -13 C)
11. What pressure, in atmospheres, is exerted by 0.325 mol of hydrogen gas in a 4.08 Lcontainer at 35 C? (2.01 atm)
12. A sample that contains 4.38 mol of a gas at 250 K has a pressure of 0.857 atm. What is the volume? (105 L)
13. How many grams of oxygen are there in 7.0 L at STP? (10.0 g)
14. Find the pH and the pOH.
a. [OH-] = 7.5 x 10-3M
c. 0.0062 M HNO3
+
b. [H ] = .0601 M
d. 1.3 x 10-3 M Al(OH)3
15. Find the [H+] and the [OH-].
a. pH = 11.82
c. pOH = 9.47
b. pH = 3.65
d. pOH = 2.91
16. Draw structural formulas for the following. Label the compound type for each. (alkane, alkene, alkyne, alcohol,
etc.)
a. Ethane
f. 2-propanol
b. 2-pentene
g. cyclopentane
c. 4-nonyne
h. ethanol
d. 3-methyl-2-butene
g. cyclbutene
e. 1, 3, 4-trimethylcyclopentane
h. 2,3-hexadiol
17. If 13.4 L of O2 reacts, what volume of water will be produced? Assume that temperature and
pressure remain constant. (26.8 L H2O) NH3 + O2  N2 + H2O
18. If the combustion of ethanol (C2H5OH) uses 491 mL of oxygen, how many mols of water
would be produced when at STP? (.0219 mol H2O) C2H5OH + O2  CO2 + H2O
19. Dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes into nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. If 12.2 L of N2O5
reacts at STP, How many grams of NO2 is produced? (50.1 g NO2)
20. What volume of iron oxide can be produced by the reaction of 552 g of iron at 2.34 atm and
27°C according to the following reaction? (34.6 L Fe3O4) 3Fe + 4H2O  Fe3O4 + 4H2
21. Fluorine gas reacts violently with water to produce hydrogen fluoride and ozone (O3).
What volume of ozone would be produced by the complete reaction of 4.82 x 105 mL
of fluorine gas? All gases are measured under the same conditions. (162 L O3)
22. How many moles at STP will be in .0297 L of methane, CH4? ( .00133 mol CH4)