Content Benchmark L.12.A.5
Students know how to predict patterns of inheritance. E/S
1st Item Specification: Explain how reproduction is responsible for genetic variation.
Depth of Knowledge Level 1
1. Mendel’s second principle states that the inheritance of one characteristic will not affect
the inheritance of another characteristic. What is the principle called?
A. Mutation
B. Fertilization
C. Crossing over
D. Independent assortment
2. Which statement describes how two organisms may show the same trait, yet have
different genotypes for that phenotype?
A. One is homozygous dominant and the other is heterozygous.
B. One is homozygous dominant and the other is homozygous recessive.
C. Both are heterozygous for the dominant trait
D. Both are homozygous for the dominant trait.
3. Sexual reproduction contributes to
A. less genetic variation within a population.
B. more identical genotypes within a population.
C. greater genetic variation within a population.
D. greater mutation rate within a population.
Depth of Knowledge Level 2
4. Which of the following genotypes has the potential for the greatest genetic variation in
the offspring?
A. Homozygous dominant crossed with homozygous recessive.
B. Heterozygous crossed with homozygous recessive.
C. Homozygous dominant crossed with homozygous dominant.
D. Heterozygous crossed with another heterozygous individual.
5. In pea plants, yellow pea pods are dominant to green pea pods and round-shaped pods are
dominant to wrinkled pods. How do the offspring of two plants that are heterozygous for
yellow, round pods result in four different phenotypes? Is it the result of
A. random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis.
B. random fertilization during sexual reproduction.
C. crossing over between chromosomes during meiosis.
D. mutation in the DNA of the gametes.
2nd Item Specification: Use a Punnett Square to predict the proportion of specific genetic
traits in offspring.
Depth of Knowledge Level 1
6. In pea plants, yellow is a dominant trait and green is a recessive trait. In a genetic cross of
two plants that are heterozygous for the pea color trait, what percent of the offspring
should have yellow peas?
A. 100%
B. 75%
C. 50%
D. 25%
7. Use the Punnett Square below to answer the following question.
Parent Genotype Ff x ff
F
f
f
1
2
f
3
4
In humans, having freckles is dominant to no freckles. Which of the following statements
BEST describes the child represented in box 1 in the above Punnett Square?
A. Homozygous for freckles.
B. Homozygous for extra freckles.
C. Heterozygous for freckles.
D. Heterozygous for no freckles.
8. In humans, having freckles is dominant to no freckles. In a genetic cross of a
homozygous dominant parent with a homozygous recessive parent, what percent of the
offspring should have freckles?
A. 100%
B. 75%
C. 50%
D. 25%
Depth of Knowledge Level 2
9. In certain rats, black fur is the dominant trait while white fur is the recessive trait. If two
heterozygous rats are mated, their offspring would be expected to have
A. three different genotypes and three different phenotypes.
B. four different genotypes and two different phenotypes.
C. two different genotypes and three different phenotypes.
D. three different genotypes and two different phenotypes.
10. In human polydactylism, having more than five fingers on one hand, is a dominant trait.
A man who has five fingers on each hand marries a woman who is polydactyl. The
couple has 8 children, only 3 of the children are polydactyl. What is the genotype of
mother?
A. Homozygous dominant
B. Heterozygous
C. Homozygous recessive
D. Hemizygous
Content Benchmark L.12.A.5
Students know how to predict patterns of inheritance. E/S
Answers to Sample Test Questions
1. D, DOK Level 1
2. A, DOK Level 1
3. C, DOK Level 1
4. D, DOK Level 2
5. A, DOK Level 2
6. B, DOK Level 1
7. C, DOK Level 1
8. A, DOK Level 1
9. D, DOK Level 2
10. B, DOK Level 2