World Journal of Engineering
Co precipitation Synthesis of Manganese Ferrite Powder
Rabab Zahira, Ghiyas Anwar, Irfan Elahi, Kiran Mehmood and Arifa Jamil
Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
In the present work, ultra-fine,
nano-sized, magnetic Manganese ferrite
powder has been prepared by
coprecipitation technique using metallic
chlorides of Mn and Fe as precursors
and studied by X ray diffraction
(λ=1.5404Ǻ) and Scanning Electron
Microscope.
2. Experimental Procedure
Nano-sized powder of magnetic
Manganese ferrite was prepared by
coprecipitation method using Manganese
Chloride, Ferric Chloride Hexa-hydrated
and Sodium Hydroxide as starting
materials. The ratio between Fe and Mn
was kept at 2:1 respectively. A 100 ml of
salt solution was added drop by drop to
the base solution until the Me/OH
(metallic to hydroxyl ion) ratio reached
to 0.2. The gray precipitates were
obtained in this process. Then the beaker
containing precipitate solution was
placed in preheated water bath at 95°C
for 5 hours. The obtained product was
washed and filtered repeatedly with
distilled water until the pH of the
residual solution reaches 7. This process
took about 6 to 7 hours. The sample was
then dried in an oven keeping
temperature at 50°C for 3 hours. After
attaining the powder form by motor and
pestle, calcinations process was carried
out at 600°C for 4 hours to get the final
product of Manganese Ferrite.
This final Manganese ferrite
powder was characterized by X ray
diffraction,
Scanning
Electron
Microscope and Vibrating Sample
Magnetometer. The particle size was
calculated by Sherrer’s formula given
below, from the full width at half-
Abstract
Magnetic Manganese Ferrite
Powder was synthesized via chemical
co-precipitation, a highly fine way to
produce
chemically
homogeneous
powders with fine particle size, using
metallic chlorides of Manganese and
Iron. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) base
was used as precipitant agent. The
calcinations were performed at 600°C
for 4 hours. The structural investigation
of the prepared sample was performed
with X-Ray Diffraction method. The
crystallite size was 26.50nm, calculated
using Sherrer formula.
Key words: ferrite, Co precipitation,
XRD
1. Introduction
Due to their diverse and
fascinating
applications
in
wide
technological and scientific fields, the
synthesis and characterization of nanosized magnetic materials have emerged
as an important subject during last
several years [1-3]. Among these,
ferrites, ferromagnetic having cubic
spinel structure (MFe2O4) are complex
versatile materials have been extensively
investigated by the scientists in view of
their unique optical, electrical and
magnetic properties [4-6]. Several
Physical and Chemical methods like,
Hydrothermal [7-9], Co-precipitation
[10-11], Combustion [12], Sol-gel [13]
and some other techniques are being
employed for the synthesis of these
nano-sized spinel ferrites.Manganese
ferrite powder is exceptionally important
member of ferrite family with a variety
of applications in modern era of science
and engineering.
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World Journal of Engineering
maximum of the XRD pattern for the
(311) plane of the spinel structure.
t
=
(0.9 λ / B) cos ӨB
Here t is the mean crystallite
size, B is the half width of the relevant
diffraction peak, λ the x-ray wavelength
and θ is the angle of diffraction [14-15].
The broadening (B) of the diffraction
peak corresponds to the size of the
crystal.
3. Results and Discussion
The XRD pattern recorded for
the magnetic ferrite powder obtained by
coprecipitation and calcined at 600°C is
shown in figure 1. The pattern of powder
exhibited all the major peaks related to
single phase cubic spinel structure of
Manganese Ferrite. No external peak
was detected in the prepared sample.
The lattice parameter calculated from
XRD information is 8.489Ǻ. The
particle size was measured by Scherer’s
formula using peak of maximum
intensity of (311) plane. The value of
particle size is calculated as 23.50 nm.
The values of lattice constant and the
particle size are in line with the previous
published results of Manganese Ferrite
prepared by coprecipitation as well as
other techniques.
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Fig.1. X ray Diffraction Pattern of
Manganese Ferrite Powder
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