Bio 211
Sample Exam 4
Chapters 27, 28, 29 Reproduction/ Development/ Genetics
The exam only is on pages 1 - 8, the exam with the answers highlighted is on pages 9-16.
1.
Human egg and sperm are similar in that:
A.
About the same number of each is produced per month.
B.
They have the same degree of motility.
C.
They are about the same size.
D.
They have the same number of chromosomes
E.
All of these are correct
2.
Fertilization generally occurs in the:
A.
Uterus
B.
Vagina
C.
Fallopian tubes
D.
Ovary
3.
All of the following can be considererd male secondary sex characteristics except:
A.
Development of body hair
B.
Lowering of voice
C.
Development of testes as opposed to ovaries
D.
Increase in bone mass
4.
All of the following statements about spermatogenesis are true except:
A.
It takes place in the seminiferous tubules.
B.
Each primary spermatocyte forms two secondary spermatocytes.
C.
Each spermatid forms two sperm.
D.
Testosterone is required.
5.
The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is:
A.
During spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced
B.
The mature ovum is n while the sperm is 2n
C.
In oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced and in spermatogenesis 4 mature sperm
are produced.
D.
Spermatogensis involves mitosis and meiosis but oogensis involves meiosis only.
6.
The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called:
A.
Sertoli cells
B.
Spermatogonia
C.
Spermatocytes
D.
Interstitial or Leydig cells
1
7.
Gametes contain:
A.
23 chromosomes
B.
46 chromosomes
C.
Polar bodies
D.
Follicular fluid
8.
Sperm are stored in the:
A.
Vas deferens
B.
Testes
C.
Epididymis
D.
Prostate
E.
Seminal vesicles
9.
Which of the following is not a phase of the ovarian cycle?
A.
Follicular
B.
Uterine
C.
Ovulatory
D.
Luteal
10.
The secretions of the seminal vesicle contains this nutrient as an energy supply for sperm:
A.
Sucrose
B.
Fructose
C.
Glycogen
D.
Protein
E.
Glucose
11.
The first cell after fertilization of the ovum with the sperm is the:
A.
Embryo
B.
Zygote
C.
Fetus
D.
Gamete
E.
Oogonium
12.
This hormone is released from the pituitary gland to stimulate uterine contraction.
A.
Estrogen
B.
Progesterone
C.
Oxytocin
D.
Prolactin
E.
LH
2
13.
Spermatogenesis:
A.
Is the process of releasing mature sperm cells into the lumen of the seminiferous
tubule.
B.
Involves a type of cell division limited to the gametes.
C.
Results in the formation of diploid cells
D.
Uses mitosis to produce gamete cells.
E.
All of these
14.
During meiosis I:
A.
4 gametes are formed
B.
Two polar bodies appear
C.
Crossing over or chiasma occurs
D.
Replicated or sister chromatids separate
E.
Mitosis begins
15.
The membrane that develops around the embryo is the:
A.
Umbilical
B.
Placenta
C.
Amnion
D.
Yolk sac
16.
Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.
A.
Progesterone stimulates follicle development
B.
The lh surge stimulates ovulation
C.
Ovulation must occur for menstruation to begin.
D.
Estrogen is in its highest levels after ovulation.
E.
None of these.
17.
Maturation of ovum occurs by the process of:
A.
Puberty
B.
Spermatogenesis
C.
Fertilization
D.
Oogenesis
E.
Implantation
18.
Give the correct order in the transport of sperm including the addition of other semen
components:
1. Vas deferens
2. Epididymis
3. Prostate
4. Bulbourethral glands
5. Seminal vesicles
6. Ejaculatory duct
A. 1,2,4,3,5,6
B. 2,3,1,4,5,6
C. 2,1,5,6,3,4
D. 2,1,3,6,5,4
E. 5,2,1,3,4,5
3
Match the following.
A. Bulbourethral glands
B. Cervix
C. Corpus cavernosa
D. Epididymis
E. Foreskin
AB. Hymen
AC. Clitoris
AD. Ovary
AE. Ovulation
BC. Prostate gland
BD. Scrotum
BE. Testes
CD. Uterine tubes
CE. Uterus
DE. Seminal vesicles
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Where the fetus develops
Female external genitalia corresponding to the penis
Neck of the uterus
Release of a oocyte from the ovary
Secretes a solution important in neutralizing urethra before sperm pass
Erectile tissue in the make
Partially closes the vaginal orifice
Male gonad
External sac enclosing the testes
Removed in circumcision
Structure in which sperm mature and is stored
Produces a nutrient solution for sperm
Surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder
Site of oogenesis
Female gonad
34.
The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems.
A.
True
B.
False
35.
A zygote is:
A.
Haploid
B.
A morula
C.
Diploid
D.
An ovum
E.
Implanted in the endometrium
36.
The correct sequence of pre-embryonic structures is:
A.
Zygote, blastomere, morula
B.
Zygote, morula, blastomere
C.
Blastomere, morula, zygote.
D.
None of these
37.
An infant's physical status at birth is based on:
A.
Heart rate and respiration
B.
Reflexes
C.
Color
D.
Muscle tone
E.
All of these are correct
4
38.
During pregnancy, the corpus luteum normally produces estrogen and progesterone:
A.
Until implantation of the embryo
B.
Until the placenta is functional
C.
For the entire pregnancy
D.
The corpus luteum is not important after fertilization.
39.
The number of oocytes in the ovary are greater at birth and continue to decline with age.
A.
True
B.
False
40.
After fertilization the developmental stage between the second and eighth week is the:
A.
Fetus
B.
Embryo
C.
Zygote
D.
Puberty
E.
Pre-embryo
41.
Hereditary characteristics are transmitted to offspring by:
A.
Only by the sex chromosomes
B.
Genes on chromosomes
C.
Phenotypes
D.
Organogenesis
42.
The expression or appearance of a genetic trait is the:
A.
Genotype
B.
Gene
C.
Allele
D.
Phenotype
E.
Polygene
43.
Genes for the same trait on homologous chromosomes are
A.
Genotypes
B.
Alleles
C.
Phenotypes
D.
Polygenes
44.
Gene abnormalities on the x sex chromosome of the human would tend to become visibly
expressed:
A.
More frequently in males
B.
More frequently in females
C.
Equally frequently in both sexes
D.
Would not change the phenotype
45.
If a couple has a child with thalessemia and neither parent has thalessemia which statement is
correct?
A.
The child cannot be theirs.
B.
Both parents must have heterozygous alleles and the offspring is homozygous for the
recessive trait.
C.
Both parents must be homozygous for the trait in order for the phenotype to be
expressed in their offspring.
D.
The offspring had a 50% chance of having thalesemia.
5
46.
The muscular layer of the uterus is the:
A.
Endometrium
B.
Perimetrium
C.
Myometrium
D.
Epimetrium
47.
The skeletal muscle important in suspending the testes in the scotum is the:
A.
Dartos
B.
Cremaster
C.
Epididymis
D.
Rete testes
48.
All of the following are normal physiological changes in pregnancy except:
A.
Increased urine output
B.
Increase blood pressure
C.
Increase in total body water
D.
Increased sugar in the urine
E.
Increased heartrate
49.
The first milk produced by the mother is high in antibodies and is called:
A.
Lactation
B.
Apgar
C.
Episiotomy
D.
Colostrum
E.
None of these
50.
In parturition this structure must dilate:
A.
Vagina
B.
Cervix
C.
Uterus
D.
Pupil
51.
Fingerlike projections from the fallopian tubes:
A.
Tunica albuginea
B.
Isthmus
C.
Fimbriae
D.
Graafian follicle
52.
Sperm move from the epidydimis into the:
A.
Prostate
B.
Rete testes
C.
Vas deferens
D.
Semininal vesicle
53.
Following ovulation the follicular cells of the ovaries enlarge to form a structure called the:
A.
Graafian follicle
B.
Corpus luteum
C.
Placenta
D.
Endometrium
6
54.
The endometrium is the inner layer of the:
A.
Fallopian tube
B.
Uterus
C.
Ovary
D.
Vagina
55.
The hormone responsible for maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics:
A.
Estrogen
B.
Progesterone
C.
Testosterone
D.
Lutenizing hormone
56.
The foramen ovale is an opening that allows fetal blood to pass from:
A.
Left atrium to right atrium
B.
Right atrium to left atrium
C.
Left ventricle to right ventricle
D.
Right ventricle to left ventricle
E.
Pulmonary artery to aorta
57.
The production of milk by the female mammary glands is initiated by:
A.
FSH
B.
Prolactin
C.
LH
D.
Estrogen
E.
Progesterone
58.
The combining of egg and sperm chromosome is called:
A.
Ovulation
B.
Implantation
C.
Cleavage
D.
Fertilization
59.
Nutrients and oxygen enter the developing fetus by way of the:
A.
Hepatic portal vein
B.
Umbilical vein
C.
Umbilical artery
D.
Ductus arteriosus
60.
The fetal stage of development begins at the end of the
A.
Second week
B.
Fourth week
C.
Eight week
D.
Tenth week
61.
The graafian follicle:
A.
Releases the ovum at ovulation
B.
Matures with stimulation by fsh
C.
Forms the corpus luteum after ovulation
D.
Matures from a primary follicle
E.
All of these
7
62.
Maleness is determined by the:
A.
X chromosome
B.
2 X chromosomes
C.
Y chromosome
D.
Chromosome #21
63.
The hormone produced in highest concentration during the luteal phase is:
A.
LH
B.
Prolactin
C.
Fsh
D.
Estrogen
E.
Progesterone
64.
If you where homozygous for a particular trait your genotype would be (w = dominant, w=
recessive):
A.
Ww
B.
WW
C.
Ww
D.
Either B or C
E.
Either A or B
65.
The fertilized cell begins dividing by mitosis without an increase in size by:
A.
Morula
B.
Blastomere
C.
Cleavage
D.
Meiosis
E.
Hypertrophy
Bonus:
1. Follow the pathway of the sperm in the female reproductive tract until fertilization of the ovum.
2. Follow the ovum from ovulation to implantation (include fertilization).
8
Bio 211
Sample Exam 4
1. Human egg and sperm are similar in that:
A. About the same number of each is produced per month.
B. They have the same degree of motility.
C. They are about the same size.
D. They have the same number of chromosomes
E. All of these are correct
2. Fertilization generally occurs in the:
A. Uterus
B. Vagina
C. Fallopian tubes
D. Ovary
3. All of the following can be considererd male secondary sex characteristics except:
A. Development of body hair
B. Lowering of voice
C. Development of testes as opposed to ovaries
D. Increase in bone mass
4. All of the following statements about spermatogenesis are true except:
A. It takes place in the seminiferous tubules.
B. Each primary spermatocyte forms two secondary spermatocytes.
C. Each spermatid forms two sperm.
D. Testosterone is required.
5. The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is:
A. During spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced
B. The mature ovum is n while the sperm is 2n
C. In oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced and in spermatogenesis 4 mature sperm are
produced.
D. Spermatogensis involves mitosis and meiosis but oogensis involves meiosis only.
6. The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called:
A. Sertoli cells
B. Spermatogonia
C. Spermatocytes
D. Interstitial or Leydig cells
7. Gametes contain:
A. 23 chromosomes
B. 46 chromosomes
C. Polar bodies
D. Follicular fluid
9
8. Sperm are stored in the:
A. Vas deferens
B. Testes
C. Epididymis
D. Prostate
E. Seminal vesicles
9. Which of the following is not a phase of the ovarian cycle?
A. Follicular
B. Uterine
C. Ovulatory
D. Luteal
10. The secretions of the seminal vesicle contains this nutrient as an energy supply for sperm:
A. Sucrose
B. Fructose
C. Glycogen
D. Protein
E. Glucose
11. The first cell after fertilization of the ovum with the sperm is the:
A. Embryo
B. Zygote
C. Fetus
D. Gamete
E. Oogonium
12. This hormone is released from the pituitary gland to stimulate uterine contraction.
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Oxytocin
D. Prolactin
E. LH
13. Spermatogenesis:
A. Is the process of releasing mature sperm cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.
B. Involves a type of cell division limited to the gametes.
C. Results in the formation of diploid cells
D. Uses mitosis to produce gamete cells.
E. All of these
14. During meiosis I:
A. 4 gametes are formed
B. Two polar bodies appear
C. Crossing over or chiasma occurs
D. Replicated or sister chromatids separate
E. Mitosis begins
10
15. The membrane that develops around the embryo is the:
A. Umbilical
B. Placenta
C. Amnion
D. Yolk sac
16. Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.
A. Progesterone stimulates follicle development
B. The lh surge stimulates ovulation
C. Ovulation must occur for menstruation to begin.
D. Estrogen is in its highest levels after ovulation.
E. None of these.
17. Maturation of ovum occurs by the process of:
A. Puberty
B. Spermatogenesis
C. Fertilization
D. Oogenesis
E. Implantation
18. Give the correct order in the transport of sperm including the addition of other semen
components:
1 Vas deferens
2 Epididymis
3 Prostate
4 Bulbourethral glands
5 Seminal vesicles
6 Ejaculatory duct
A. 1,2,4,3,5,6
B. 2,3,1,4,5,6
C. 2,1,5,6,3,4
D. 2,1,3,6,5,4
E. 5,2,1,3,4,5
11
Match the following.
A. Bulbourethral glands
B. Cervix
C. Corpus cavernosa
D. Epididymis
E. Foreskin
AB. Hymen
AC. Clitoris
AD. Ovary
AE. Ovulation
BC. Prostate gland
BD. Scrotum
BE. Testes
CD. Uterine tubes
CE. Uterus
DE. Seminal vesicles
19. Where the fetus develops CE
20. Female external genitalia corresponding to the penis AC
21. Neck of the uterus B
22. Release of a oocyte from the ovary AE
23. Secretes a solution important in neutralizing urethra before sperm pass A
24. Erectile tissue in the make C
25. Partially closes the vaginal orifice AB
26. Male gonad BE
27. External sac enclosing the testes BD
28. Removed in circumcision E
29. Structure in which sperm mature and is stored D
30. Produces a nutrient solution for sperm DE
31. Surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder BC
32. Site of oogenesis AD
33. Female gonad AD
34. The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems.
A. True
B. False
35. A zygote is:
A. Haploid
B. A morula
C. Diploid
D. An ovum
E. Implanted in the endometrium
36. The correct sequence of pre-embryonic structures is:
A. Zygote, blastomere, morula
B. Zygote, morula, blastomere
C. Blastomere, morula, zygote.
D. None of these
37. An infant's physical status at birth is based on:
A. Heart rate and respiration
B. Reflexes
C. Color
D. Muscle tone
E. All of these are correct
12
38. During pregnancy, the corpus luteum normally produces estrogen and progesterone:
A. Until implantation of the embryo
B. Until the placenta is functional
C. For the entire pregnancy
D. The corpus luteum is not important after fertilization.
39. The number of oocytes in the ovary are greater at birth and continue to decline with age.
A. True
B. False
40. After fertilization the developmental stage between the second and eighth week is the:
A. Fetus
B. Embryo
C. Zygote
D. Puberty
E. Pre-embryo
41. Hereditary characteristics are transmitted to offspring by:
A. Only by the sex chromosomes
B. Genes on chromosomes
C. Phenotypes
D. Organogenesis
42. The expression or appearance of a genetic trait is the:
A. Genotype
B. Gene
C. Allele
D. Phenotype
E. Polygene
43. Genes for the same trait on homologous chromosomes are
A. Genotypes
B. Alleles
C. Phenotypes
D. Polygenes
44. Gene abnormalities on the x sex chromosome of the human would tend to become visibly
expressed:
A. More frequently in males
B. More frequently in females
C. Equally frequently in both sexes
D. Would not change the phenotype
45. If a couple has a child with thalessemia and neither parent has thalessemia which statement is
correct?
A. The child cannot be theirs.
B. Both parents must have heterozygous alleles and the
offspring is homozygous for the
recessive trait.
C. Both parents must be homozygous for the trait in order for the phenotype to be expressed
in their offspring.
D. The offspring had a 50% chance of having thalesemia.
13
46. The muscular layer of the uterus is the:
A. Endometrium
B. Perimetrium
C. Myometrium
D. Epimetrium
47. The skeletal muscle important in suspending the testes in the scotum is the:
A. Dartos
B. Cremaster
C. Epididymis
D. Rete testes
48. All of the following are normal physiological changes in pregnancy except:
A. Increased urine output
B. Increase blood pressure
C. Increase in total body water
D. Increased sugar in the urine
E. Increased heartrate
49. The first milk produced by the mother is high in antibodies and is called:
A. Lactation
B. Apgar
C. Episiotomy
D. Colostrum
E. None of these
50. In parturition this structure must dilate:
A. Vagina
B. Cervix
C. Uterus
D. Pupil
51. Fingerlike projections from the fallopian tubes:
A. Tunica albuginea
B. Isthmus
C. Fimbriae
D. Graafian follicle
52. Sperm move from the epidydimis into the:
A. Prostate
B. Rete testes
C. Vas deferens
D. Semininal vesicle
53. Following ovulation the follicular cells of the ovaries enlarge to form a structure called the:
A. Graafian follicle
B. Corpus luteum
C. Placenta
D. Endometrium
14
54. The endometrium is the inner layer of the:
A. Fallopian tube
B. Uterus
C. Ovary
D. Vagina
55. The hormone responsible for maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics:
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Testosterone
D. Lutenizing hormone
56. The foramen ovale is an opening that allows fetal blood to pass from:
A. Left atrium to right atrium
B. Right atrium to left atrium
C. Left ventricle to right ventricle
D. Right ventricle to left ventricle
E. Pulmonary artery to aorta
57. The production of milk by the female mammary glands is initiated by:
A. FSH
B. Prolactin
C. LH
D. Estrogen
E. Progesterone
58. The combining of egg and sperm chromosome is called:
A. Ovulation
B. Implantation
C. Cleavage
D. Fertilization
59. Nutrients and oxygen enter the developing fetus by way of the:
A. Hepatic portal vein
B. Umbilical vein
C. Umbilical artery
D. Ductus arteriosus
60. The fetal stage of development begins at the end of the
A. Second week
B. Fourth week
C. Eight week
D. Tenth week
61. The graafian follicle:
A. Releases the ovum at ovulation
B. Matures with stimulation by fsh
C. Forms the corpus luteum after ovulation
D. Matures from a primary follicle
E. All of these
15
62. Maleness is determined by the:
A. X chromosome
B. 2 X chromosomes
C. Y chromosome
D. Chromosome #21
63. The hormone produced in highest concentration during the luteal phase is:
A. LH
B. Prolactin
C. Fsh
D. Estrogen
E. Progesterone
64. If you where homozygous for a particular trait your genotype would be (w = dominant, w=
recessive):
A. Ww
B. WW
C. Ww
D. Either B or C
E. Either A or B
65. The fertilized cell begins dividing by mitosis without an increase in size by:
A. Morula
B. Blastomere
C. Cleavage
D. Meiosis
E. Hypertrophy
Bonus:
1. Follow the pathway of the sperm in the female reproductive tract until fertilization of the ovum.
Vagina - cervix - uterus – uterine tubes
2. Follow the ovum from ovulation to implantation (include fertilization).
Graafian follicle – uterine tube – fertilization in uterine tube - uterus
16