HC infrared-active molecules
The following page provides extensive descriptions on fundamental principles behind the unprecedented FIR
Fuel Activator® technology and interactions with your car's engine.
In Organic Chemistry, hydrocarbon (HC) molecules are known to be infrared-active and can absorb multiple
IR-photons causing molecular vibrations.
The bond in a molecule produces an equilibrium separation between the atoms. About this equilibrium
separation, a molecule can vibrate. The vibrational states are quantized. Excitation of vibrational modes in a
molecule requires a photon with wavelength typically shorter than 20 μm [Ref 1].
In addition, excitation of a single mode of a molecule (so-called "fundamental") is in general much more
intense than excitation of multiple modes ("combination" or "overtone" bands).
Finally, a handle is also required. In this case, the critical issue is whether upon excitation of a mode, the
dipole moment changes, Δρ≠0
In Organic Chemistry, hydrocarbons are known to be "IR-active". In hydrocarbons each bond may
simultaneously absorb multiple IR photons at certain frequencies to induce stretching and/or bending
vibrations [2]. Only vibrations that cause a change in dipole moment give rise to an absorption band on the
IR spectrum (scanned between 2 μm and 16 μm), in which the larger the change in dipole moment the
stronger the absorption peak.
Organic chemists have been using the IR absorption spectral information, so-called Infrared Correlation
Charts [3], to identify functional groups of HC’s in unknown specimens for decades. However, none of
domestic industry or commercial sectors has been able to realize or test out the full potential of this
innovative IR Fuel technology that leverages on the “IR-active” nature of hydrocarbons.
We are proud of being the first one to discover IR-fuel excitation effect along with its applications. Based on
this discovery, we invented the IR fuel saving technology that applies infrared excitation, and it works!
The following page provides extensive descriptions on fundamental principles behind the unprecedented FIR
Fuel Activator® technology and interactions with your car's engine.
IR-absorption bands for typical hydrocarbon bonds
ω (cm -1)
λ (μm )
1315 – 1475, 2800 –
3000
6.78 – 7.60, 3.33 –
3.57
1450 – 1600
6.25 – 6.90
C=C bond in aromatic
ring
1620 – 1680
5.95 – 6.17
C=C
2100 – 2200
4.55 – 4.76
C≡C
3000 – 3100
3.23 – 3.33
C−H (part of aromatic
ring)
3020 – 3080
3.25 – 3.31
C−H (C is ethylenic)
1420 – 1470, 1375
6.80 – 7.04, 7.27
Alkanes’ −CH3
1430 – 1470
6.80 – 6.99
Alkanes’ =C H2
1370, 1385, 1170
7.30, 7.22, 8.55
Struttura del legame
C−H (in alkanes)
Alkanes’ −CH(CH3) 2
910 – 920
10.87 – 10.99
*Alkenes’ RCH=CH2
880 – 900
11.11 – 11.36
*Alkenes’ R2C=CH2
675 – 730
13.70 – 14.81
*Alkenes’
cis
RCH=CHR
965 – 975
10.26 – 10.36
*Alkenes’
trans
RCH=CHR
730 – 770
12.99 – 13.70
*Aromatic C−H (1)
735 – 770
12.99 – 13.61
*Aromatic
ortho
690 – 710
14.08 – 14.49
*Aromatic C−H (2) meta
750 – 810
12.35 – 13.33
*Aromatic C−H (2) meta
810 – 840
12.35 – 11.90
*Aromatic C−H (2) para
C−H
(2)
NOTE: Most of the absorption bands fall in the wavelength band 3 – 14 μm that is covered by Aldi's "onesize-fits-all" FIR-emitter.
Reference:
1: Turro N J, “Modern Molecular Photochemistry”, Benjamin-Cummins, Menlo Park, 1978.
2: Smith M, “Organic Chemistry”, HarperCollins Publisher, New York (1993), p. 413.
3: “Infrared Correlation Chart,” 2004 Chemical Physics Handbook, P 9-87 – 9-89.