Mariyam Muhidin
Biology 1615 lab
November 6 2010
Summary
Gaps in the Childhood Malaria Burden in Africa: Cerebral Malaria, Neurological
Sequelae, Anemia, Respiratory Distress, Hypoglycemia, and Complications of Pregnancy.
Sean C. Murphy and Joel G. Breman
The article was published by the society of tropical medicine and hygiene in 2001, the
authors wrote their paper in order to find out how malaria have affected millions of children
in Africa and how this disease has caused other diseases. 100 countries, which are more than
40% of the world’s population, live in critical endemic malaria. The countries are Africa,
Latin America and the Caribbean, Southeast Asia, the eastern Mediterranean, Afghanistan, the
western pacific, and parts of Europe have experienced diseases such as Malaria. Malaria
affects the health and wealth of nations and people in every part of the world. Malaria is a
very serious, life threathing disease that is passed from person to person. It is one of the
largest diseases around the world.
Malaria is a parasitic disease that involves high fever, shaking chills, flu like symptoms
and anemia and in a variety of disease forms. Malaria has affect millions of children in Africa
and how this disease has caused other diseases. Malaria is caused by a parasite that is
transmitted from one human to another by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. In human,
the parasites migrated to the liver where they mature and release other form merozoites. These
enter the bloodstream and infect the red blood cells. Malaria also caused other forms of disease
like respiratory distress, which is difficult breathing.
Malaria is a huge problem in Africa, pregnant women in prenatal health clinics, deliveries
in sub-Saharan Africa were related to malaria, Mortality risks are high for newborns likely to die
during the first month. Affected 575, 00 children who were less than five year old in Sahara
Africa 110,000 people lied from this disease. We estimated the impact of these malaria
manifestation on members of the African population, between 167,000 and 967,000 cases of
malaria associated occur yearly. Hypoglycemia known as low blood glucose or low blood sugar,
occur when the blood glucose drop below normal level. Anemia which is the result from the
destruction of the red blood cells.
The result means that many children in sub-Saharan Africa are suffering from malaria
and Lacking health which cause their immune system to be highly low. Its very important for
individuals who are lacking sufficient health in Africa that are highly capable of preventing it.
By ignoring the disease and refusing to send the adequate assistance, they are only keeping the
African people down and to help building up the economies of the African countries so that they
can compete with the rest of the world.
Research articles, reviews, books, and other reports published 1966–1999 were
identified by key word searches. Bibliographies of reviews were browsed to identify
additional articles, particularly those from WHO and United Nations sources and those
published before 1966, when MEDLINE entries begin. The searches identified over 200
pertinent articles. From the collected reports, original scientific data and reliable demographic
data were examined further and used in our calculations. Severe malarial anemia, respiratory
distress, hypoglycemia-associated malaria, and malaria during pregnancy were studied. Rates
were computed by use of demographic data from the United Nations, other international
sources, and unpublished data. Children aged 0–9 years were considered for CM because the
database was collected in an area where this age range was at greatest risk.
Data from articles on these forms of malaria were used to calculate the importance of
each manifestation to the childhood malaria burden in Africa. As data are accrued, the
adequate assistance, they are only keeping the African people down and to help building up
the economies of the African count there will be more precise estimations of both malaria’s
burden and the impact of improved and new methods used to reduce each manifestation,
allowing the gap to be closed.