Sta220
Section 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
Lesson Objective #1: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative
variables
Types of Data:
_________________________ variables are measurements that _____________ be
measured on a natural numerical scale; they can only be classified into one of a group of
______________________.
______________________ variables are measurements that are recorded on a naturally
occurring __________________ scale.
Lesson Objective # 2: Collect Data
Once you decide on the type of data, quantitative or qualitative, you’ll need to
______________________________.
Generally, you can obtain data in three different ways:
1.
2.
3.
Published Source – such as _____________, ______________, or _________________
A ________________________ experiment is a data collection method where the
researcher exerts full control over the ________________________ of the experiment
units sampled.
These experiments typically involve a group of ____________________ that are
assigned the _____________________ and ______________________________ group.
An ___________________ study is a data collection method where the experimental
units sampled are observed in their _________________ setting.
No attempt is made to ___________________ the characteristics of the experimental
units sampled. (Examples include opinion polls and surveys.)
A ___________________________ sample exhibits characteristics typical of those
possessed by the __________________ population.
A _____________________ sample of n experimental units is sample selected from the
population in such a way that every _________________________________________ n
has an equal chance of selection.
Lesson Objective # 3: Know the Role of Statistics in Critical Thinking
and Ethics
Statistical thinking involves applying __________________ thought and the science of
statistics to critically assess _______________ and _____________________.
Fundamental to the thought process is that variation exists in population of data.
___________________ bias results when a subset of the experimental units in the
population is __________________ so that these units have _____________________ of
being selected in the sample.
______________________ bias results when the researchers conduction a survey or
study are ________________ to obtain data on all experimental units selected from the
sample.
______________________________ refers to inaccuracies in the values of the data
recorded. In surveys, this kind of error may be due to ambiguous or leading questions and
the inter-viewer’s effect on the respondent.