NEW WORDS of Environmental and Societal Considerations
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Extract: verb, formal, TAKE OUT › to take something out, especially using force
Mining: madencilik
Drilling: sondaj yapma
Harvesting: Biçme
Refine: verb, MAKE PURE › to make a substance pure by removing other substances
from it
Constitute: verb, to be or form something
Assembly: BUILD › when you build something by joining parts together
Obsolete: adjective › not used now: obsolete equipment
Virtually: adverb › almost: They're virtually the same.
Relative to sth: › when compared to something else: The economy has been declining
relative to other countries.
to a/some degree: › partly: To some degree I think that's right, but there are other factors
which affect the situation.
Measure: önlem, tedbir
Traverse: to move or travel through an area: Moving sidewalks traverse the airport.
Expel: FORCE SOMETHING OUT formal › to force air, gas, or liquid out of
something: Slowly expel all the air from your lungs.
dispose of sth: › to get rid of something, especially by throwing it away
discard: › to throw something away: discarded food wrappers
Provision: Koşul, şart, RULE › a rule that is part of a law or an agreement
Obviate: önlemek, üstesinden gelmek, verb formal › to remove a difficulty, especially
so that action to deal with it becomes unnecessary: A peaceful solution would obviate the
need to send a UN military force. // To bypass a requirement or make it unnecessary "The internet has largely obviated printed phone books."
Conserve: korumak
Counterpart: noun › someone or something that has the same job or position as someone
or something in a different place or organization
Issue: konu, sorun, mesele, PROBLEM › an important subject or problem that people
are discussing: political issues
Mandate: verb (GIVE PERMISSION) › to give official permission for something to
happen
Incumbent: zorunlu
Viable: yapılabilir, uygulanabilir, effective and able to be successful: a viable alternative
to nuclear power; an economically viable plan
Concern: WORRY › to worry or upset someone: What really concerns me is her lack of
experience.
Wherein: adverb formal › in which
Confront: DEAL WITH › to see that a problem exists and try to deal with it: First, they
must confront their addiction.
Dilemma: › when you have to make a difficult choice between two things you could do:
She's still in a dilemma about whether she should go or not.
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Trade-off: Bir şeyi kazanmak için başka bir şeyden fedakarlık etme; a situation where
you accept something bad in order to have something good: There's always a trade-off
between speed and quality.
Assess: değer biçmek; verb › to make a judgment about the quality, size, value, etc of
something: The tests are designed to assess a child's reading skills.
Assessment: değerlendirme
Quantify: verb › to measure or state the amount of something: It is difficult to quantify
the damage that this storm has caused.
Disposition: yaradılış, eğilim, tavır, noun › the type of character someone has: a
cheerful/nervous disposition
Ultimate: esas, son › final or most important: the ultimate aim/solution
Criterion: (plural criteria) › a fact or level of quality that you use when making a choice
or decision: We have strict criteria for deciding which students will receive a grant.
Deteriorate: verb › to become worse: Her condition deteriorated rapidly.
Hazard: something that is dangerous: a fire hazard a health hazard
Feasible: yapılabilir, mümkün › possible to do: a feasible plan [+ to do sth]; It may be
feasible to clone human beings, but is it ethical?
Diminish: azalmak › to become less, or to make something become less: Your pain
should diminish gradually after taking these tablets.
Dismantling: sökme, parçalarına ayırma
Shredding (n)/ Shred: to tear or cut something into small, thin pieces: shredded cabbage
In this/that regard: › in this particular way
Ingenious:› (of a person) very clever and skilful, or (of a thing) cleverly made or planned
and involving new ideas and methods: an ingenious idea/method/solution
Bolting: civatalama
Riveting: perçinlemek (iki ya da daha çok parçayı, karşılıklı bölümlerini birbiri üzerinde
ezerek birleştirmek).
Cladding: › material that covers the surface of something and protects it
Render: (CAUSE) formal, to cause someone or something to be in a particular state: [+
adj] His rudeness rendered me speechless. New technology has rendered my old
computer obsolete.
Reclaimed: geri kazanmak, to treat waste materials in order to get useful materials, such
as glass or paper, that can be used again
Accommodate: sağlamak, HELP › to do what someone wants, often by providing them
with something: He requires special equipment and, where possible, we've
accommodated those needs.
Incinerator: A furnace for burning wastes under controlled conditions
Residue: (noun), something that remains after most of a substance has gone or been
removed: The machine sucks up the water but leaves a muddy residue.
Soda ash: industrial grade sodium carbonate
Salvaged: to save things from a place where other things have been damaged or lost:
gold coins salvaged from a shipwreck
Cullet: hurda cam
Amber: kehribar rengi
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Liability: TROUBLE [no plural] › someone or something that is likely to cause you a lot
of trouble: Wherever we go she upsets someone - she's a real liability.
Junk: informal› old things which have little value
Durables: goods that last a long time and are not intended to be bought very often, such
as televisions and cars
Amenable: uyumlu, willing to do or accept something: She may be more amenable to the
idea now.
Reclamation: the treatment of waste materials to get useful materials from them
Challenge: (the situation of being faced with) something that needs great mental or
physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability:
Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges faced by scientists
today.
Mud flap: Kamyon vs. taşıtlarda tekerleğin taş, çamur atmasını önleyen ve tekerlek
arkalarına takılan lastik veya plastikten yapılmış araç
Recapped: lastik kaplamak
Chunk: piece
Inherently: doğal olarak, doğasında
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