Supplementary Table 2 | Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and relationship with oesophageal disease
Study
Year
Type of
Study
Patients
Evaluation
Follow-up
(months)
Oesophageal
Issue
Findings
Nocca
2006
Prospective
trial
163
Symptom reporting
24
GERD
Melissas
2007
Retrospectiv
e analysis
23
Motility and
symptom reporting
12
GERD, gastric
emptying
Increased (preoperative
12%, postoperative
24%)
Reduced (preoperative
35%, postoperative
30%); increased gastric
emptying
Weiner
2007
Retrospectiv
e analysis
120
Symptom reporting
60
GERD
Yehoshua
2008
Prospective
analysis
20
No
follow-up
Gastric emptying
Melissas
2008
Retrospectiv
e analysis
14
Orogastric Tube
instillation with
methylene blue
Symptom reporting
24
GERD, gastric
emptying
Arias et al.S6
2009
Retrospectiv
e analysis of
a prospective
cohort
130
Symptom reporting
24
GERD
Increased (preoperative
0%, postoperative 2%)
Bernstine
2009
Prospective
trial
21
Gastric emptying
scintigraphy
3
Gastric emptying
No effect on gastric
emptying
Lakdawala
2010
Retrospectiv
e analysis
50
Symptom reporting
12
GERD
Increased (preoperative
5%, postoperative 9%)
Himpens
2010
Retrospectiv
e analysis of
prospective
cohort
41
Symptom reporting
72
GERD
Increased (preoperative
20%, postoperative
23%)
Howard
2011
Retrospectiv
e trial
28
Symptom reporting,
upper GI series
23
GERD
Kehagias
2011
Randomized
control trial
30
Need for PPI
36
GERD
Reduced (preoperative
25%, postoperative
23%)
Reduced (preoperative
7%, postoperative 0%)
Chopra
2012
Retrospectiv
e analysis
174
Symptom reporting
36
GERD
Carter
2011
Retrospectiv
e analysis
176
Symptom reporting
24
GERD
Petersen
et al.S14
2012
Prospective
cohort
37
pH manometry
24
LES pressure
Braghetto
2012
Prospective
trial
167
60
GERD
Increased (preoperative
0%, postoperative
28%)
Rawlins
2013
Retrospectiv
e analysis
53
60
GERD
Peterli
2013
Randomized
controlled
Trial
107
Symptom reporting,
endoscopy,
oesophageal
manometry,
ambulatory pH
monitoring,
scintigraphy
Symptom reporting,
need for antireflux
medications
Symptom reporting,
need for PPI,
endoscopy,
oesophageal
manometry
36
GERD
Reduced (preoperative
28%, postoperative
26%)
Reduced (preoperative
44%, postoperative
22%)
et al.S1
et al.S2
et al.S3
et al.S4
et al.S5
et al.S7
et al.S8
et al.S9
et al.S10
et al.S11
et al.S12
et al.S13
et al.S15
et al.S16
et al.S17
Reduced (preoperative
35%, postoperative
15%)
Increased pressure in
sleeve compared with
whole stomach
Increased (Preoperative
14%, Postoperative
36%), Increased
gastric emptying
Reduced (preoperative
14%, postoperative
13%)
Increased (preoperative
35%, postoperative
49%)
Increased postoperative
LES pressure
Dupree
2014
Retrospectiv
e analysis
4,832
(LSG),
33,867
(LAGB)
Symptom scoring
6
GERD
Increased (preoperative
44.5; postoperative
53.4%)
Del Genio
2014
Prospective
Analysis
25
High-resolution
impedance
manometry
13
Peristalsis
Increased ineffective
peristalsis, unchanged
LES function,
incomplete bolus transit
Sieber
2014
Retrospectiv
e analysis of
prospective
cohort
68
N/A
72
GERD
Reduced (preoperative
50%, postoperative
38%)
et al.S18
et al.S19
et al.S20
Abbreviations: LAGB, laparoscopic adjustable gastric band; LES, lower oesophageal sphincter; LSG, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy;
PPI, proton pump inhibitors; RYGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; N/A, not applicable.
Supplementary reference list
S1. Nocca, D. et al. A prospective multicenter study of 163 sleeve gastrectomies: results at 1 and 2 years. Obes. Surg. 18, 560–565
(2008).
S2. Melissas, J. et al. Sleeve gastrectomy: a restrictive procedure? Obes. Surg. 17, 57–62 (2007).
S3. Weiner, R. A. et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy—influence of sleeve size and resected gastric volume. Obes. Surg. 17,
1297–1305 (2007).
S4. Yehoshua, R. T. et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy—volume and pressure assessment. Obes. Surg. 18, 1083–1088 (2008).
S5. Melissas, J. et al. Sleeve gastrectomy-a “food limiting” operation. Obes. Surg. 18, 1251–1256 (2008).
S6. Arias, E., Martinez, P. R., Ka Ming Li, V., Szomstein, S. & Rosenthal, R. J. Mid-term follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy as a final
approach for morbid obesity. Obes. Surg. 19, 544–548 (2009).
S7. Bernstine, H. et al. Gastric emptying is not affected by sleeve gastrectomy—scintigraphic evaluation of gastric emptying after
sleeve gastrectomy without removal of the gastric antrum. Obes. Surg. 19, 293–298 (2009).
S8. Lakdawala, M. A., Bhasker, A., Mulchandani, D., Goel, S. & Jain, S. Comparison between the results of laparoscopic sleeve
gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux.-en-Y gastric bypass in the Indian population: a retrospective 1 year study. Obes. Surg. 20,
1–6 (2010).
S9. Himpens, J., Dobbeleir, J. & Peeters, G. Long-term results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for obesity. Ann. Surg. 252, 319–
324 (2010).
S10.
Howard, D. D., Caban, A. M., Cendan, J. C. & Ben-David, K. Gastroesophageal reflux after sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly
obese patients. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 7, 709–713 (2011).
S11.
Kehagias, I., Karamanakos, S. N., Argentou, M. & Kalfarentzos, F. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y
gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for the management of patients with BMI <50 kg/m2. Obes. Surg. 21,
1650–1656 (2011).
S12.
Chopra, A. et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for obesity: can it be considered a definitive procedure? Surg. Endosc.
26, 831–837 (2012).
S13.
Carter, P. R. et al. Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Surg. Obes.
Relat. Dis. 7, 569–572 (2011).
S14.
Petersen, W. V. et al. Functional importance of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for the lower esophageal sphincter in
patients with morbid obesity. Obes. Surg. 22, 360–366 (2012).
S15.
Braghetto, I. et al. Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy an acceptable primary bariatric procedure in obese patients? Early
and 5-year postoperative results. Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutan. Tech. 22, 479–486 (2012).
S16.
Rawlins, L., Rawlins, M. P., Brown, C. C. & Schumacher, D. L. Sleeve gastrectomy: 5-year outcomes of a single institution.
Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 9, 21–25 (2013).
S17.
Peterli, R. et al. Early results of the Swiss Multicentre Bypass or Sleeve Study (SM-BOSS): a prospective randomized trial
comparing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Ann. Surg. 258, 690–694 (2013).
S18.
DuPree, C. E., Blair, K., Steele, S. R. & Martin, M. J. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with preexisting
gastroesophageal reflux disease: a national analysis. JAMA Surg. 149, 328–334 (2014).
S19.
Del Genio, G. et al. Sleeve gastrectomy and development of “de novo” gastroesophageal reflux. Obes. Surg. 24, 71–77
(2014).
S20.
Sieber, P. et al. Five-year results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 10, 243–249 (2014).